Objective：To detect the expression of chemokine receptor CXCR4 in human prostatic carcinoma and explore the role of CXCR4 in prostate cancer. Methods： Forty-five prostatic carcinoma specimens and 10 prostate hyperplasia specimens were immunohistochemically stained for CCR1,CCR3 ,CXCR4 and CCR5 expression. SDF-1 concentrations were measured by ELISA and PSA concentrations were measured by immune luminescence in the sera of patients. Results： CXCR4 expression was detected in prostatic carcinoma tissues （the positive rate was 55.5%） but not in prostate hyperplasia. The positive rate of CXCR4 was 61.2% when PSA concentrations 〉20 ng/ml and was 42.8% when PSA concentrations 〈20 ng/ml. SDF-1 concentrations in the patients with prostate carcinoma increased significantly compared to patients with prostate hyperplasia（P〈0.01）. Conclusion.. CXCR4 is expressed in human prostatic carcinoma, and it may play an important role in the development,advancement and metastasis of human prostatic carcinoma