[Abstract] Objective To investigate the influence of different modes of blood purification treatment on atherosclerosis (AS) in patients with maintained hemodialysis(MHD) by measuring the serum levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and the datas of carotid artery Methods 72 patients with MHD were assigned to receive the treatment of different modes of blood purification : ①hemodialysis（HD）, ②hemodiafiltration（HD+HDF）, ③ hemodialysis combined by continuous renal replacement therapy（HD+CRRT）.Serum AOPP、interleukin-6(IL-6)、monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1)、high sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP) , IMT and mass of carotid artery plaque were detected before and after one year treatment. Results The levels of serum AOPP、IL-6、MCP-1、hs-CRP in MHD patients were siginificantly higher than those in healthy controls (p<0.001). The levels of serum AOPP decreased after the treatment of HDF and CRRT (p<0.001) . After 12 –month treating , the level of serum AOPP increased of HD( P<0.01), meanwhile IMT and the mass of carotid artery plaques in patients with HDF and HD+CRRT were lower than that inpatients with HD. Serum level of AOPP was strongly associated with IMT and mass of carotid artery plaque (r=0.79, r=0.67) . Conclusions AOPP may be one of the risk factor for atherosclerosis. HDF and CRRT can clear AOPP effectively, and can improve the survival rate of MHD patients.