Liver transplantation is the most effective treatment for patients with advanced liver diseases.Patients undergoing liver transplantation are likely to have severely impaired liver function and poor general condition. Meanwhile,the operation is complicated and needs long time; the hemodynamics fluctuates greatly during operation and many drugs are needed after operation. All the above factors are likely to induce injuries to the heart,brain,lung,etc,and resulting in severe complications and finally leading to the death of patients. Therefore the protection of organs during perioperative period is an important step for liver transplantaion of advanced liver diseases,and it is also a focus of study in the area.This article summarizes the injury mechanism and protection strategy of organs in patients during perioperative period of liver transplantation.