mple evidences have showed that the failure of early regeneration of the central nervous system(CNS) in adult mammals is mainly due to the growth inhibitory factor. Efforts have been made to promote neuron regeneration and neurological function recovery by damaging myelin and removing myelin-associated inhibitors. At present, the Nogo protein associated drugs and gene therapy have become a novel effective way to promote axon regeneration after CNS injury; here we reviews the recent progress on the related issues.