\[Abstract\]ObjectiveTo investigate the association of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with plasminogen activator (tissue-type plasminogen activator \[t-PA\], urokinase-type plasminogen activator \[u-PA\]) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). MethodsThe ovary tissues of 30 PCOS patients who were treated in our hospital from Dec. 2007 to Oct. 2008 and 20 healthy controls were collected. The expression of t-PA, u-PA, and PAI-1 was examined by immunohistochemistry method. ResultsIn PCOS group, the positive rates of u-PA, t-PA in the granulosa cells were 20.00% and 26.67%, and in the theca cells were 33.33% and 20.00%, respectively; in the control group, the positive rates of u-PA, t-PA in the granulosa cells were 65.00% and 75.00%, in the theca cells were 75.00% and 50.00%, respectively; and there were significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). In PCOS group, the positive rate of PAI-1 was 56.67% in the theca cells and 63.33% in interstitial cells; in the control group, the positive rates of PAI-1 were 10.00% both in the theca cells and the interstitial cells; and there were significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). ConclusionThe disruption of plasminogen activator system may be involved in ovulation disorder of PCOS.