Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease(ADPKD)is the most frequent inherited kidney disease，the incidence rate is about 100-250 per 100,000．The roles of epigenetic modulation of gene expression and protein functions in ADPKD have recently become the focus of scientific investigation.Evidence generated to-date indicates that one of the epigenetic modifiers, histone deacetylases (HDACs),are important regulators of ADPKD. HDACs are involved in regulating the expression of the Pkd1 gene and are the target of fluid flow-induced calcium signal in kidney epithelial cells.The expression of HDAC6 is upregulated in cystic epithelial cells.HDAC6 can regulate ciliogenesis and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) trafficking through deacetylating α-tubulin and regulate Wnt signaling through deacetylating β-catenin. HDAC inhibitors have been found to reduce the progression of cyst formation and slow the decline of kidney function in Pkd1 conditional knockout mice and Pkd2 knockout mice, respectively,implicating the potential clinical application of HDAC inhibitors on ADPKD.