Objective To observe the follicle growth of vitrified rabbit ovarian tissues after autologous implantation in mesometrium in rabbits. Methods Fifteen female New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups.(1)Vitrified ovarian tissue group (n=10): rabbits were bilaterally ovariectomized and the ovary was made into small tissues for vitrified freezing; two weeks later the frozen-thawed ovarian tissues were autologously transplanted into the mesometrium. (2)Control group included 5 animals. The long-term survival of ovarian tissues, survival and development of follicles, and endocrine function after gonadotropin treatment were evaluated by light microscope and vaginal exfoliocytology. The response of cryopreserved ovarian tissues to gonadotrophin was observed after autologous implantation. The oocytes of MⅡ stage were subjected to intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)to further observe the development potency of oocytes after autologous implantation. Results The ratios of follicles of each stage 2 months and 6 months after transplantation were similar to those of control group (P＞0.05). Six months after follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulation, the ratio of mature follicles in ovarian tissues was significantly higher than that in the group untreated with FSH (P＜0.05). The oocytes derived from ovarian tissues after superovulation could obtain normal embryos by ICSI. Conclusion Vitrified rabbit ovarian tissues can achieve ovarian function after autologous implantation in mesometrium, and the function can maintain for a long period; furthermore, normal embryos can be obtained by ICSI technique.