[abstract] Objective To explore the clinical features、diagnosis and treatment methods and prognosis of the primary tracheal Extramedullary Plasmacytoma. Methods One case of our hospital and nine cases reported in chinese-foreign language were retrospectively summarized and analyzed. Results The case in our hospital was admitted to hospital for tracheal neoplasm , patient was treated by high frequency electrocautery, and pathological findings was Extramedullary Plasmacytoma. The main symptoms of other 9 cases were dyspnea (7/9), cough (4/9) , hemoptysis (1/9). 8 cases were founded tracheal neoplasm by the means of chest CT examination, and 1 case was discovered by means of B ultrasound. 5 cases were Simplely treated by surgery; 2 cases were treated under the bronchoscope : 1 of which under rigid bronchoscope; 1 of which treated by high frequency electrocautery and high frequency electric coagulation under the bronchoscope；1 cases was treated by surgery plus local radiotherapy；1 case was treated by high frequency electrocautery 、laser and local radiotherapy. 7 cases had complete follow-up data for 3 months to 24 months, and no local recurrence and distant metastasis were founded. Conclusion Primary tracheal extramedullary plasmacytoma is a rare clinical disease, diagnosis depends on pathological and immunohistochemical results, and at present the main treatments are remove under the bronchoscope、surgical resection, or postoperative local radiotherapy.