Objective To study the protective effects of the resveratrol on bleomycin-induced lung injury in mice and its underlying mechanism. Methods Male ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups (n=10): control group, bleomycin group, resveratrol group, and bleomycin+resveratrol group. Mice were anesthetized and infused intratracheally with 3 mg/kg bleomycin to create lung injury model. Resveratrol (0.3 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally before bleomycin infusion. The severity of pulmonary injuries was evaluated 24 h after inducing lung injury. H-E staining was used to assess the lung pathology. The levels of lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde (MDA), neutrophil infiltration marker myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 were determined by commercial kits. Results Resveratrol treatment improved the bleomycin-induced lung injury in mice by significantly inhibiting the oxidative stress and decreasing lipid peroxidation marker MDA level (P<0.01). Resveratrol treatment also attenuated the bleomycin-induced pulmonary infection by significantly decreasing MPO activity (P<0.01) and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 (P<0.01) and IL-8 (P<0.05) and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 production (P<0.01). Conclusion Resveratrol can protect against bleomycin-induced lung injury in mice, probably through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.