Objective To investigate the electrophysiology characteristics of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in rats with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis, so as to provide reference for a better understanding of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD). Methods SD rats(male, 160-200 g)were randomly divided into two groups. Experimental colitis was induced in colitis group (n=5) by intracolonic administration of TNBS (40 mg/kg diluted in 70% ethanol), and control rats (n=5) received normal saline in the same manner. Rats were sacrificed on the eighth day(acute inflammation phase) after administration of TNBS or normal saline, and the DRG neurons were obtained to investigate its electrophysiology characteristics by the whole-cell patch clamping. Results The body weight of rats in the experimental group was significantly decreased. H-E staining showed severe damage of the intestinal mucosa glands and inflammatory cell infiltration, indiating successful model creation. The action potential threshold of DRG neurons was significantly decreased in rats with TNBS-induced colitis (P<0.05). Conclusion The excitability of DRG neurons is increased in rat model of TNBS-induced colitis.