[Abstract] Objective To research the serum metabonomic difference between breast fibroadenoma patients and breast invasive ductal carcinoma patients based on 1H NMR spectroscopy and to offer reliable biochemical information for clinical diagnosis. Methods The serum metabolic spectra of breast fibroadenoma patients and breast invasive ductal carcinoma patients were collected. The data were processed using Simca-p software and analyzed with principle component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal signal correction partial least squares discrimination analysis(OPLS－DA). Results There were clear separation between breast fibroadenoma patients and breast invasive ductal carcinoma patients through analysis of PCA and OPLS-DA .And the level of lipid, lactate and PC/GPC was higher in breast invasive ductal carcinoma patients than in breast fibroadenoma patients, but glutamine, taurine, creatine, glucose were comparatively reduced in various degree. The potential biomarkers were involved in many metabolic pathways including glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Conclusion Distinct difference existed in serum metabolomic profiles between breast adenoma patients and breast invasive ductal carcinoma patients. These changed metabolites may serve as the potential biomarkers to help the differentiation malignant tumor from benign and to provide reference to make therapeutic schedule.