Objective To investigate the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer among female permanent residents in Yangpu district of Shanghai from Jan. 2002 to Dec. 2012. Methods The data of cervical cancer patients among female permanent residents of Yangpu district were collected from the database of the registration and management system of Shanghai. The temporal trend in the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer during this period was assessed by annual percent change (APC) model. Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank test was applied for survival analysis. The incidence and mortality were standardized with age composition of standard female population from a nationwide census taken in 2000. Results A total of 628 cervical cancer patients were newly diagnosed between 2002 and 2012, and it accounted for 2.53% of female malignant diseases during the period in Yangpu district. The crude incidence of cervical cancer was 10.80/10⁵ and the standardized incidence was 9.56/10⁵. The crude incidence of cervical cancer increased consecutively during the period (APC=11.10, P<0.01), whereas the standardized incidence showed no notable change (APC=1.05,P>0.05). The incidence of cervical cancer reached the top in females aged 30-49 years old. A total of 256 cases died of cervical cancer during this period; the annual crude mortality of cervical cancer in our study was 4.40/10⁵ and the standardized one was 2.02/10⁵. The average survival time of patients with cervical cancer was 8.36 years in our study. The survival time was significantly longer in the patients receiving curative surgery compared with those did not (9.22 vs 7.06 years, P<0.01).The overall 5-year survival rate of cervical cancer patients was 75.45%, with the rate of patients receiving curative surgery being significantly higher than that of those receiving no surgery (84.69% vs 60.89%, P<0.01). Conclusion In permanent female residents in Yangpu district of Shanghai, the standardized incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer are 9.56/10⁵ and 2.02/10⁵, respectively. Surgical treatment can greatly improve the survival of cervical cancer patients.