Objective To analyze the effects of injecting glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter (pGFAP)-containing lentivirus into mouse hippocampus on electroencephalogram(EEG)activity, and to explore the feasibility of applying the lentivirus in epilepsy study. Methods Astrocytes-specific infection of pGFAP lentivirus was identified in both cultured hippocampal cells and hippocampal slices from mice by immunofluorescence techniques. The mice were divided into two groups: artificial cerebrospinal fluid(ACSF)injection group and pGFAP lentivirus injection group. Changes in mice body weight were analyzed before and after brain injection. Changes of power spectrum and high-frequency oscillations(HFOs)of EEG were analyzed by Spike 2 software 3 to 4 weeks after pGFAP lentivirus injection. Results It was found that:(1)non-neuron cells were selectively infected by pGFAP lentivirus in cultured hippocampal cells;(2)pGFAP lentivirus specifically infected GFAP⁺cells in dentate gyrus(DG)area of mouse hippocampus;(3)compared with ACSF injection group, mouse body weight had no significant changes 3 to 4 weeks after the virus injection in pGFAP lentivirus injection group; and(4)pGFAP lentivirus injected into DG area of hippocampus had no significant effect on power spectrum, or the number and mean duration of HFOs of EEG. Conclusion It is a feasible strategy to study the function of astrocytes in epilepsy by brain injection of pGFAP lentivirus.