Effect of exercise on estrogen deficiency-induced depression-like behavior and its inflammatory mechanisms
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Department of Physiology,Second Military Medical University,Shanghai,School of Kinesiology,Shanghai University of Sport,Department of Physiology,Second Military Medical University,Shanghai,Department of Physiology,Second Military Medical University,Shanghai,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Department of Physiology,Second Military Medical University,Shanghai

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    Abstract:

    Objective To explore whether exercise training can ameliorate estrogen deficiency-induced depression-like behavior and its mechanisms, so as to provide evidence for treating menopausal depression with exercise. Methods A total of 60 female adult C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to Sham-sedentary (Sham), Sham-exercise (Sham+Ex), Ovx-sedentary (Ovx) and Ovx-exercise (Ovx Ex) groups. Sham operation or bilateral Ovx was performed. After recovery for 1 week, Sham Ex and Ovx Ex mice were adapted to the treadmill for 5 weeks. We use sucrose consumption test, open field test and tail suspension test to inspect the mice of behavior change; then the mice were decapitated, and the serum and hippocampus samples were collected. 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and inflammatory cytokine in the hippocampus were determined using a commercial ELISA kit. Results Compared with Sham mice, Ovx mice developed depression-like behaviors, including loss of interests, decreased exploratory behavior and increased behavioral despair, and exercise training could ameliorate these depression-like behaviors. Compared with the Sham group, Ovx group had significantly decreased hippocampal 5-HT level (P<0.01) and significantly increased IDO level (P<0.05) in the hippocampus, which were reversed by exercise training. The hippocampal levels of proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β (P<0.05), IL-6 (P<0.01) and IFN-γ (P<0.01) in Ovx group were significantly increased compared to Sham mice, while the anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-4 (P<0.01) and IL-10 (P<0.05), were significantly decreased in Ovx mice; exercise training could also reverse the alterations of IL-1β, IFN-γ and IL-4 levels in Ovx mice. Conclusion Exercise training can ameliorate estrogen deficiency-induced depression-like behaviors, which may be through improving inflammation in the hippocampus.

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History
  • Received:December 19,2014
  • Revised:January 29,2015
  • Adopted:April 17,2015
  • Online: May 19,2015
  • Published:
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