Objective To explore the relationship between blood pressure level and urinary micro-albumin, kidney damage and metabolic indicators, so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Methods Using stratified multi-stage random sampling method, we selected local residents (>15 years old) in Tongnan area of Chongqing for questionnaire survey, physical examination, and the detection of blood and urine samples to obtain blood glucose, blood lipids, urinary micro-albumin, and other clinical data. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 20.0 software. Results The proportions of patients with microalbuminuria (urinary micro-albumin level ≥ 20 mg/L) in the normal blood pressure group, the prehypertension group, and the hypertension group were 21.40% (61/285), 27.36% (110/402) and 48.06% (149/310), respectively, and there were significant differences between the three groups (P<0.05). The proportion of patients with microalbuminuria in the hypertension patients was significantly increased with the increase of blood pressure (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that systolic blood pressure was significantly increased with the increase of triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P<0.05), and diastolic blood pressure was significantly increased with the increase of triglyceride level (P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that urinary micro-albumin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, age and waist circumference were the influencing factors of hypertension (P<0.05). Conclusion Urinary micro-albumin level is closely related to blood pressure level, and can be used as an important indicator for the diagnosis of early renal damage diagnosis. Urinary micro-albumin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, age and waist circumference are independently associated with hypertension.