Objective To explore the risk factors of neurological complication (NC) after the endovascular treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA), so as to provide strategies for reducing the incidence of NC. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and imaging features of patients with UIA, who underwent endovascular treatment in Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University (Second Military Medical University) from Jan. 2010 to Jan. 2017. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic analysis were performed to analyze the risk factors of NC. Results NC occurred in 60 (5.02%) of 1 196 patients with UIA in this study. Univariate analysis showed that hypertension (P=0.026), smoking (P=0.038), previous transient ischemic attack or cerebral infarction (P<0.001), cardiovascular comorbidities (P=0.002), aneurysm maximum diameter (P<0.001), irregular shape or having a daughter sac (P=0.008) and stent types (P=0.001)were associated with NC. Multivariate analysis showed that previous transient ischemic attack or cerebral infarction (OR=3.407, P<0.001), cardiovascular comorbidities (OR=3.175, P=0.003), aneurysm maximum diameter >10 mm (OR=3.139, P<0.001) and irregular shape or having a daughter sac (OR=2.096, P=0.026) were independent risk factors of NC. Conclusion Previous transient ischemic attack or cerebral infarction, cardiovascular comorbidities, aneurysm maximum diameter >10 mm and irregular shape or having a daughter sac are independent risk factors of NC after endovascular treatment of UIA.