Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is an important cause of post-stroke disability, and it is also one of focuses of stroke research. The incidence of PSCI is high, which affects the recovery of neurologic function and lowers the quality of life of patients. Therefore, neurologists should be alert to PSCI, and guide patients to actively prevent PSCI to improve the prognosis. In this paper, we reviews the research status of the incidence, influencing factors, neuropsychological assessment, imaging research and prevention measures of PSCI.