During diving, the change in ambient pressure may cause inner ear barotrauma, which is closely related to the repeated Valsalva maneuver for equilibration of middle ear pressure. Valsalva maneuver may increase the cerebrospinal fluid pressure and inner ear pressure, and therefore the pressure gradient between inner ear lymph and middle ear increases, which may cause the rupture of the round or oval window and the perilymph leakage from the inner ear, leading to inner ear barotrauma. Although the incidence of inner ear barotrauma is low, it is an important factor affecting the fitness to dive in divers. Divers with inner ear barotrauma usually experience non-specific symptoms such as dizziness, tinnitus, and hearing loss. The vestibular involvement may even cause nausea and vomiting. The inner ear barotrauma is mainly distinguished from inner ear decompression sickness. Treatments for inner ear barotrauma include compression therapy, conservative treatment, and surgical repair. This paper briefly introduces the current knowledge about diving-related inner ear barotrauma.