Objective To investigate the insomnia status and the related influencing factors of clinical nurses fighting against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, so as to provide references for targeted psychological intervention during the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods Convenience sampling method was conducted among clinical nurses fighting against COVID-19 in the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from Mar. 3 to 7, 2020. General information questionnaire, Athens insomnia scale (AIS) and patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used, and multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted to analyze the influencing factors of insomnia in clinical nurses fighting against COVID-19. Results A total of 521 questionnaires were collected, including 504 valid ones, with an effective rate of 96.74%. The AIS score was 6 (3, 9), of which 352 (69.84%) had sleep disorder; the PHQ-9 score was 6 (2, 9), of which 292 (57.94%) had different degrees of depression. Professional title, total working time at epidemic frontline, whether the direct relatives diagnosed as COVID-19 or not, fear of the COVID-19 epidemic and depression level were included in the regression equation (all P<0.05), which explained 56.2% of the total variation of insomnia in clinical nurses fighting against COVID-19. Conclusion Insomnia is common among clinical nurses fighting against COVID-19 in Wuhan, and the related influencing factors are complex. Nursing administrators should pay attention to the insomnia status of clinical nurses fighting against COVID-19, and all-round and effective interventions should be carried out in time, so as to improve the sleep quality of nurses.