Traumatic craniocervical arterial dissection (TCAD) refers to a traumatic rupture of the intima of craniocervical artery, resulting in the formation of intramural hematoma or displacement of the lumen. Ischemic stroke is the most common lesion, and often overlooked due to the lack of onset symptoms. Imaging examination is of great value in the diagnosis of TCAD, and computed tomography angiography (CTA) is a preferred method. Digital substraction angiography (DSA) is feasible when the diagnosis cannot be confirmed by CTA. The main treatments of TCAD were antithrombotic therapy and surgery. In recent years, new therapeutic options, mainly endovascular treatment, have been developed. Compared with traditional open surgery, endovascular treatment has less operational difficulty, lower risk, and less complications. This paper reviews the progress in the diagnosis and treatment of TCAD.