Immune checkpoint molecules are involved in the functional regulation of T cells to prevent them from attacking their own tissues and play an important role in the homeostasis of immune response. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can restore the ability of the immune system to kill tumors when the immune system is suppressed, providing an effective method for the treatment of most malignant tumors, and have become a research focus of tumor therapy. However, the wide application of ICIs in the treatment of malignant tumors has led to immune-related adverse events in the cardiovascular system, among which cardiotoxicity is one of the more common ICIs-based immunotoxic reactions, such as cardiomyopathy, myocarditis and fatal heart failure, but it is easy to be ignored. This article reviews the adverse reactions of different ICIs to the heart and their prevention and treatment.