The cervical vertebra has the maximum range of motion in the spine, and the decline of quality of life caused by cervical vertebra-related diseases is the most serious one among spinal diseases. Compared with other spinal diseases, cervical deformity has more serious symptoms and poor prognosis. This paper briefly summarizes the classification and etiology of the disease, the measurement and evaluation of imaging parameters, the selection of clinical treatment and the prognosis, and describes the evaluation system and surgical treatment. At present, there is a lack of generally accepted classification system, evaluation system and clear surgical indications for cervical deformities, which needs to be further explored.