Severe asthma accounts for 5%-10% of the overall asthma population, resulting in a substantial decline in patients’ quality of life and a significant financial burden. Despite there are some treatment options, such as combining high-dose inhaled corticosteroids with long-acting β₂ agonists or oral corticosteroids, some patients continue to struggle with symptom control; in addition, prolonged steroid use can lead to various adverse effects. Recent years have witnessed continuous advancements in the diagnosis and treatment approaches for severe asthma, offering clinicians numerous novel alternatives. This article reviews their research progress encompassing disease assessment, medication therapy, and bronchoscopic interventions.