Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effects of H1-receptor (H1R) antagonists on the airway inflammation of asthmatic guinea pigs. Methods:The guinea pigs were divided into 3 groups: loratadine treated group (2 mg.kg-1.d-1),normal saline group (1 ml/d), and ketotifen treated group (0.1 mg.kg-1.d-1). The following tests were performed in 3 groups. (a)The ICAM-1, P-S,IL-8 and ECP values both in plasma (or serum )and BALF were measured by ELISA. (b)The expression of ICAM-1 and IL-8 on the bronchial epithelial cells and pulmonary vascular endothelial cells were measured by immunohistochemistry staining. (c)The expression of ICAM-1 on the leukocytes were measured by FCM. (d)The lung functions(Vt, Cdyn, Raw)were tested. (e)The airway tissues were examined by microscope and TEM. Results:(a)Apart from the values of IL-8 in BALF level of ketotifen group, the values of sICAM-1, sP-S,IL-8 and ECP were reduced by 2 kinds of H1R antagonists(loratadine and ketotifen)both in the plasma(or serum)and BALF of asthmatic animals. (b)The expressions of ICAM-1 and IL-8 on the brochial epithelial cells and pulmonary vascular endothelial cells in asthmatic animals were down-regulated by 2 kinds of H1R antagonists especially loratadine. (c)The expressions of ICAM-1 on the leukocytes were down-regulated by 2 kinds of H1R antagonists. (d)The lung functions (Vt, Cdyn, Raw) of the asthmatic animals were improved by 2 kinds of H1R antagonists.(e)The infiltration in the bronchial mucosa and the degranulation of eosinophils were reduced by 2 kinds of H1R antagonists.

Abstract:Objective: To study the ultrastructure changes of PS system in asthma. Methods: The present study was designed to observe the ultrastructure of PS system in asthmatic guinea pig with electron microscope histochemistry. Results: Structure impairment of PS system was observed when asthma attacked. It showed that the alveolar lining layer was discontinuous, lamellar bodies and plasmosomes in type Ⅱ pneumonocytes vacuolated, and a few of them were even necrotized and disrupted into the alveolar space. Conclusion: The results indicates that the impairment of PS system might play an important role in pathogenesis of asthma.

Abstract:Objective: To study the effects of L-carnitine on the erythrocyte immune function in peritoneal dialysis patients with chronic renal failure. Methods: Twenty-three peritoneal dialysis patients with chronic renal failure were randomly divided into 2 groups. Forteen patients were given L-carnitine oraly with a dosage of 2 g /d, while the 9 control patients were given normal saline . Results: The state of erythrocyte immune function including the rossette rate of C3b receptor and rossette rate of tumour cell were increased significantly (P＜0.05), and the serum oxygenize LDL decreased significantly (P＜0.05).Conclusion: Supplement of L-carnitine can improve the erythrocyte immune in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Abstract:Objective: To introduce the development and application of a new design of the partial pelvic prosthesis. Methods: By using computer reconstruction, we applied the CAD/CAM to develop a new generation of the total pelvic prosthesis, and to fix it with the vertebral pedicle screw. Results: One patient suffered from the recurrence of the chondrosarcoma was treated with it, and recovered well during 3 months follow-up. There were no abnormalities in X-rays examination. Conclusion: The CAD/CAM has outstanding effect on the design of the pelvic prosthesis. It is still our major task to make the prosthesis more anatomical in the contour, more reliable in biomechnic and more convenient to use.

Abstract:Objective:To compare the intervertebral segmental stiffness between PLIF with one long posterolateral cage, PLIF with one posterolateral cage and facet joint fixation, and PLIF with 2 posterior cages. Methods:Twelve bovine lumbar functional spinal units were divided into 2 groups. group 1 had a long single threaded cage inserted posterolaterally on the left side by posterior approach with left unilateral facetectomy; group 2 had 2 regular length cages inserted posteriorly. Nondestructive tests were performed in pure compression, flexion, extension, lateral bending, and rotation. Test order was intact, implanted 2 sizes, and group 1 with internal fixation of facet joint screw. Results: Group 1 had a significantly higher stiffness than group 2 in pure compression, left bending, and rotation (P＜0.05). group 2 had higher stiffness values than group 1 in right bending. Increase of cage size of group 1 increased the stiffness of pure compression, extension, flexion, and decreased the stiffness of right bending and contercolockwise rotation. Cage size had no significant effect on group 2. Group 1 with fixation of facet joint screw had a significant increase in stiffness for extension, bilaleral bending, and colockwise rotation. Conclusion:Posterior lumbar interbody fusion with insertion of a single long threaded cage posterolaterally with unilateral facetectomy enables sufficient decompression while maintaining a majority of the posterior elements. Combined with a facet joint screw, adequate postoperative stability can be achieved.

Abstract:Objective:To study the surgical technique for intravertebral tumor in cervical, decrease their morbidity, enhance the ratio of curability. Methods:Clinical manefestation, radiology, microsurgical methods and results of follow-up were summarized retrospectively in 73 cases in past 23 years. Results:There were no death after surgery, among 22 cases of intravertibral tumor before 1985, 7 cases (31.8%) were totally removed. There were 51 cases after 1985. All were removed through microsurgical technique, 43 of them (84.3%) were totally removed. Follow-up time was 5 months to 16.75 years, 62 cases were followed up and 11 cases missed. 51 cases were alive, 42 cases (82.3%)retuned to work while 4 cases (7.8%) were able to help themselves live normal life. Five cases were not able to live alone(9.8%). Conclusion:Microsurgical technique is recommanded as ultimate treatment to intravertabral tumor at present. It enhances the ratio of tumor removal, and it is important to administrate the respiratory and airway.

Abstract:Objective:To clone human IL-12 cDNA. Methods: IL-12 cDNA (p35 and p40 cDNA) was cloned by RT-PCR from human lymphoblastoid B cell line NC 37, and their sequences were determined by automatic DNA sequencer. Results: There were 2 bases and one base different in p35 sequences of GenBank M 65271 and M 65291 (patent number: 5648467) respectively comparing to our p35 sequence (AF 101062). The third base of 44th code of M 65291 was C, but that of M 65271 or AF 101062 was G. The third base of the 244th code of M 65271 was C, but that of M 65291 or AF 101062 was T. The second base of 247th code was C, but that of M 65291 or AF 101062 was T. In addition, the sequence of our p40 cDNA was identical with that of GenBank (M 38444). Conclusion: Although there are 2 bases and one base different in p35 cDNA sequence of Genbank M 65271 and M 65291 respectively, comparing to AF 101062, the sequence of corresponding amino acids of AF 101062 is identical with that patented one. The recombinant IL-12 expressed by our p35 and p40 cDNA is acceptable in theory.

Abstract:Objective:To study the mode of cell death ocurring in the delayed neuronal death after rat transient global ischemia. Methods:TUNEL method was used to morphologically detect the injured nerve cells, immunohistochemistry staining to detect Bax and in situ hybridization to detect bcl-2 mRNA. Results:The results were as follows: TUNEL-positive neurons were stained in hippocampuses of operated rats ,which was mostly located in CA1 zone, increased as time passed, reached max after day 3. Apoptotic bodies and the neurons forming the apoptotic bodies were also found. Bcl-2 mRNA positive signals were widespread in CA3 pyramidal neurons. On the contrary,Bax-positive neurons was mostly located in the CA1 subfield.These 2 signals occurred on reperfusion 8 h,reached max on 24 h and markedly reduced on 72 h.Conclusion:The findings strongly suggest :(1)Apoptosis may contribute to the delayed neuronal death .(2) Selected expression of different members of bcl-2 gene family may play an important role in determining the relative sensitivity of neuronal subpopulations to ischemia.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the chemical constituents of Radix Polygoni multiflori Preparata. Methods： Compounds were isolated from the CHCl3 extract with column chromatography of silica gel. The compounds were identified on the basis of spectral analysis (IR, EI-MS, FAB-MS, 1H-NMR,13C-NMR, HMQC, HMBC) and chemical properties. Results： Twelve compounds were isolated，and 7 of them were identified as emodin (Ⅰ), physcion (Ⅱ), emodin-3-ether(Ⅲ), 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (Ⅳ), schizandrin(Ⅴ), β-sitosterol (Ⅵ), β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Ⅶ). Conclusion：Ⅲ is a new compound and V is isolated from Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata for the first time.

Abstract:Objective:To study the tissue feature and chemical components contents of various organs in different cultivated populations of safflower. Methods: Based on the cultivation of 4 populations of safflower, routine slices of paraffin wax was made for micro-observation, the contents of chemical components of different populations and organs were determined by UV, HPLC. Results: The tissue features of different organs of safflower were described. The contents of chemical compounds among various organs in the same population and among different populations in the same organ were different significantly (P<0.01).The content of safflower yellow in flower of 4 populations were 18.78%？36.04%,which were higher than that in root, stem and leaf（P<0.01）. The contents among different populations from high to low were Weishan population, Jianyang population, Xinxiang population and Jimusaer population（P<0.01）. The content of adenosine in leaf of 4 populations were 461.30-2 518.20 μg/g, which were higher than that in root, stem and flower（P<0.01）. The contents among different populations from high to low were Jimusaer population, Jianyang population, Xinxiang population and Weishan population（P<0.01）. Conclusion: The tissue features and the contents of chemical compounds among 4 populations are different significantly. The main organ for accumulating safflower yellow is the flower. It is in Weishan population that the content of safflower yellow is the highest. The main organ for accumulating adenosine is the leaf, and the content in it is as 5.5-12.7 times as higher than that in flower. It is in Jimusaer population that the content of adenosine is the highest. The utilization of the resources of safflower leaf should be noticed.

Abstract:Objective： To evaluate the effects of oxymatrine on liver fibrosis. Methods: Chronic liver damage and liver fibrosis in rats were induced by hypodermically injecting carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) twice a week for 12 weeks, and were simultaneously treated intraperitoneally with oxymatrine once a day. The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), type IV collagen (Ⅳ-C), hyaluronate (HA), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) were detected at various times, and the degrees of inflammatory activity and fibrogenesis in liver tissues were also observed. Results: The levels of serum ALT, IV-C, HA, and TNFα were lower in the oxymatrine-treated rats than those in the oxymatrine-untreated ones, and so were the degrees of inflammatory activity and fibrogenesis in liver tissues. Conclusion: Oxymatrine can inhibit the inflammatory activity and fibrogenesis in liver tissue.

Abstract:Objective:To analyze dimension quantity structure-activity relationship (2D-QSAR) of 7,9,10 and 11 sites substituted analogues of camptothecin and explore the mechanism of camptothecin analogues inhibitting enzyme. Methods:First preselected the parameters and then modeled the equation using PLS method. Results:A correlative equation was obtained and the predictive ability of the resulting equation had been successfully tested by 5 comptothecin analogues. Conclusion:Depending on the QSAR results and SAR conclusions, the interaction pattern between camptothcin analogues and ToPo Ⅰ is better understood and provides a base for the reliable drug design.

Abstract:Objective： To observe the pharmacokinetic process of cefaclor in 8 healthy volunteers and assess the bioequivalence between 2 kinds of its dosage forms. Methods： A randomized crossover and self-control design was used. Eight healthy volunteers were single oral dosed with 250 mg dispersing tablet or capsule, respectively. The plasma and urine concentrations were determined by HPLC method. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3P87 program and the bioequivalence was assessed by ANOVA. Results：A one-compartment open pharmacokinetic model was adopted and the cmax, tmax, t1/2 and AUC0？∞ of tablet and capsule were (15.87±4.54) and (13.75±4.54) μg/ml; (0.63±0.19) and (0.66±0.19) h; (0.54±0.13) and (0.63±0.20) h; (19.13±2.82) and (18.30±3.62) h*μg/ml. There were no significant differences between the 2 preparations. Conclusion：The 2 kinds of preparations are bioequivalent and the average relative bioavailability of dispersing tablet is (106.59±19.13)%.

Abstract:Objective: To prepare nicardipine hydrochloride solid dispersion to promote the dissolution and improve bioavailability of drugs in vivo and in vitro. Methods: Nicardipine hydrochloride solid dispersion was developed using Ⅱ acrylic resin and PEG6000 as mixed carrier by the solvent evaporating method. The orthogonal test was employed in the design of the formulations. Results: The percentage released of nicardipine hydrochloride solid dispersion in artificial intestinal liquid was 54.33%and 80.18%at 3 h and 10 h, respectively. The DTA and X-ray powder diffractometry showed that nicardipine hydrochloride was amorphously dispersed in the solid dispersion. The released profiles in vitro of the solid dispersion followed Higuchi equation. Conclusion: Nicardipine hydrochloride intestinal-dissolved sustained-release pellets are prepared by traditional method which combine the advantages of pellets and solid dispersion.

Abstract:Objective: To determine whether there exists melatonin receptor (MR) in the mouse spleen and the circadian rhythm (CR) in MR. Methods: Specific binding of melatonin to the mouse spleen was measured by radioligand binding assay. Results: The results revealed the maximum binding capacity (Bmax) was (1.25±0.21) fmol/mg protein and equilibrium constant (Kd)was (59.5±10.1) pmol/L. The peak values of Bmax of MR was from 12:00 to16:00 and the trough values was between 0:00 to 4:00. The difference between them was significant statistically. CR of MR showed no change when continued light (3 weeks) and injected melatonin in peritoneum (3 weeks). Conclusion: MR is present in the mouse spleen and there exists CR of MR in the mouse spleen. It is indicated that CR of MR in spleen is independent from that of melatonin.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the effect of cell adhesion molecules(CAMs)in the process of tumor invasion and metastasis.Methods:Using immunohistochemical (LSAB)technique, CEA, CD44s and its variant CD44v9 were detected in different tissues from 38 patients with colorectal carcinoma(CC) and normal colorectal membrane. Results:Polar distribution of these CAMs was significantly changed. The expression intensity of these 3 CAMS in cancer cells was dramatically different from that of normal colorectal membrane. As to staining of primary CC on the 3 CAMs, CD44v9 was significantly different from different clinical/pathological factors such as differentiation degree and Dukes stage. Conclusion:CAMs may play an important role in the invasive and metastatic progression of CC. CD44s and CD44v9 may be taken as new clinical markers, which not only can helpful the early diagnosis of cancer, but also to the early detection of metastatic potential.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate changes of polymorphonuclears(PMNs) adhesion and the possible mechanism after burn injury. Methods: Fourteen rabbits were subjected to a burn of nearly 30%TBSA with full-thickness burned area about 30%. PMNs were obtained from blood through Percoll gradient centrifugation. The PMN adhesion molecule CD11a/CD18 was measured by CAMs ELISA. Levels of TNF and PLA2 in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results: The PMN adhesion molecule CD11a/CD18 in rabbits increased markedly after burn, peaked at 8 h, restored to the level of control after 48 h. The PMN adhesion rate of rabbits also increased markedly after burn , peaked at 8 h, restored to the level of control after 48 h. It was found that there was significant linear relationship between the PMN adhesion molecule CD11a/CD18 and PMN adhesion rate (r = 0.90). The level of TNF in plasma was higher in burned groups than that in 0 group, peaked at once. The level of PLA2 in plasma was higher after burn than in 0 group, peaked at 2 h. Conclusion: The PMN adhesion molecule CD11a/CD18 and adhesion rate are increased after burn injury. The results suggest that CD11a/CD18 plays an important role in PMN adhesion after burn injury. The levels of TNF and PLA2 in plasma rise rapidly after burn injury, and the rise occurs before or at the same time as the changes in PMN adhesion molecule and PMN adhesion rate. They might contribute to the changes in PMN adhesion molecule and PMN adhesion rate after burn injury.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effect of TNFα on insulin sensitivity and some relative states in normal rats. Methods: The changes of K value in glucose-insulin tolerance test,the concentration of glucagon and ACTH,the lipids in serum and the contents of glycogen,triglyceride in tissues were tested in normal rats after low dose injection of TNFα. Results: The K values in glucose-insulin tolerance test decreased after TNFα injected ,the concentrations of ACTH,GC and serum lipids all increased,and the glycogen contents in liver and red quadriceps decreased,the liver TG depots increased. Conclusion: TNFα can induce evident insulin resistance in normal rats, the improvement of plasma insulin antagonistic hormone level and some disorders in sugar or lipid metabolism may be involved in.

Abstract:Objective： To evaluate the relation between the changes of serum transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFβ1) and response to radiotherapy in esophageal carcinoma before and after radiotherapy. Methods: Fifty six newly diagnosed esophageal carcinoma patients were studied. Serum samples for TGFβ1 were obtained before and after radiotherapy. An enzyme-lined immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to measure changes of serum TGFβ1 levels and compared with the limits, location, X-ray pathologic, the immediate response to radiotherapy, metastasis and recurrence. Results: The data showed that the serum TGFβ1 level in esophageal carcinoma patients before radiotherapy was significantly higher than that of healthy controls（P<0.01）.The changes of serum levels after radiotherapy were also closely related to the limits, the immediate response to radiotherapy and metastasis and recurrence（P<0.01）, but were not related to the location, X-ray pathological pattern of the lesions. Conclusion: These results suggest that the serum TGFβ1 level may be a useful marker for monitoring the response and prognosis after radiotherapy in patients with esophageal carcinoma.

Abstract:Objective: To observe the changes of serum amylase and isoamylases in acute pancreatitis with different severity. Methods: The mice models of acute edematous pancreatitis and acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis were developed and the activities of serum amylase and isoamylases were assayed. Results: The severity of pancreatic edema was significantly correlated with the activities of pancreatic isoamylase in mice with acute edematous pancreatitis. When the pancreatic injury became the serious, the total activity of amylase in the mice with hemorrhagic pancreatitis decreased but still remained 1.5 times as high as the level of the control, and the activities of AMYp were 5 times higher than that in the control. Conclusion: The activities of serum amylase and isoamylase reflect the severity of pancreatic edema in acute edematous pancreatitis. It might be more effective to determine the activity of AMYp than AMY in the patients with acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis.

Abstract:Objective: To study the rules and the related risk factors of diabetic retinopathy(DR) in type-Ⅱ diabetes mellitus(NIDDM). Methods: 304 cases of NIDDM were investigated in detail about history, blood pressure, lens, fundus, and laboratory data were abtained. The incidence of DR and risk factors were then analyzed. Results: The DR incidence was 40.8%in 304 NIDDM patients, the background diabetic retinopathy (BDR) incidence was higher than that of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). The incidence of BDR and PDR was in a positive propotion with the age of patients, the coarse of NIDDM and the presence of hypertension and posterion subcapsular cortical opacity of tens. Conclusion: Long course of NIDDM, old age of patient, presence of hypertension and posterior subcapsular cortical opacity of the lens are the important risk factors of DR for NIDDM.

Abstract:Objective：To study the correlation between imaging anatomy of the ostiomeatal complex (OMC) and chronic sinusitis, and provide a new way of anatomy and radiology for OMC study. Methods： Sixty-seven coronal CT slices were observed. The items observed including: attachment of the superior part of the uncinate process, highness and thickness of the uncinate process, length and width of the ethmoidal infundibulum, diameter of ethmoid bulla and agger nasi. The correlation between the results of measurement and the scores of the sinusitis patients were also analysed. Results: The superior part of the uncinate process may attach to 3 different structures：the skull base, the lamina papyracea and the middle turbinate, their proportion in sinusitis patients and non-sinusitis persons showed notable divergence. The ethmoidal infundibulum of sinusitis patients was obviously longer than that of non-sinusitis persons (P<0.01). The length of infundibulum and the angle of uncinate process were correlated to the score of the sinus opacity of sinusitis patients. Conclusion：There is an intimate relationship between the anatomic factors of OMC and the initiation, development of chronic sinusitis.

Abstract:Objective: To analyze longitudinal binary data by using generalized linear models. with consideration of the correlation between repeated measures. Methods: Generalized estimating equations (GEE) proposed by Zeger and Liang was used. For several covariance structures, one method was given for estimating regression and correlation parameters. Results: Regression and correlation parameters were estimated simultaneously. A set of program was finished and an example was illustrated. Conclusion: Longitudinal data often occur in medical researches and clinical trials. To solve the problem of correlation between repeated measures, it is necessary to use some special methods to cope with this kind of data.

Abstract:Objective:To evaluate different cost accounting methods in hospitals and analyze the development tendency. Methods: The cost accounting methods which used in most hospitals were sorted, induced and analyzed based on a number of published Chinese literature. The cost accounting research methods in resent years in many respects was snmmarized as follow: cost accounting for large medical apparatus and instruments, cost accounting for the DRG and drugs. Results and Conclusion: It is suggested that the development tendency of the cost management is cost predicting, cost controlling and cost appraising. The only way to accord with the demand of the medical insurance system reform is to think highly of the basis work of cost accounting and to strengthen the hospital management inside.