Abstract:Objective：To study whether normal adult stem cells can have malignant transformation (have tumor characteristics) when exposed to tumor microenvironment. Methods: We established an in vitro model of melanoma cell-induced malignant transformation of epidermal stem cells in a cell co-culture system. The morphological changes of epidermal stem cells were observed before and after induction by phase-contrast microscope; the expression of Ecadherin and P53 mutant protein were examined by immunofluorescence method. Soft agar test was used to examine the colony forming ability of epidermal stem cells after co-culture. Results: Seven days after coculture with A-375 cells, epidermal stem cells began to form visible colonies. The expression of E-cadherin protein was decreased and P53 mutant protein was observed in some cells. Soft agar test showed that 0.55% epidermal stem cells formed colony in the soft agar. Conclusion: This study shows that epidermal stem cells can obtain the characteristics of tumor cells when exposed to inducement of A-375 cells, suggesting that tumor microenvironment can cause disturbance in selfrenewing and differentiation of stem cells.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the effect of the cytoplasmic domain of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) receptor ɑ submit, gp190CT3, on activation of the JAK/STAT3 signal transduction pathway and on promotion of leukemia cell HL60 differentiation into granulocytes. Methods: pcDNA3.0gp190CT3 was used to transfect CHO cells. Using immunofluorescent cytochemistry, RTPCR and flow cytometry techniques, we detected the expression of gp190CT3 gene and protein in the stablytransfected CHO cells. Then the stablytrasfected CHO cells were cocultured with HL60 cells and the morphological changes of the HL60 cells were observed, the levels of STAT3 phosphorylation and the expression of the cell surface antigen CD15 were also determined. Results: Expression of gp190CT3 gene was found in pcDNA3.0gp190CT3 transfected CHO cells and gp190CT3stablytransfect CHO cells were obtained. Compared with the untreated HL60 cells, the size of the cocultured HL60 cells was increased, the morphology was irregular and the level STAT3 phosphorylation and the expression of CD15 were increased. Conclusion: The LIF receptor ɑ submit gp190CT3 participates in the activation of JAK/STAT3 signal transduction pathway and regulates HL60 cell differentiation and proliferation.

Abstract:Objective：To identify the HLAA0201 restricted CTL epitopes derived from hepatitis B virus X protein predicted by computer program and general principles in vitro. Methods: HBx gene sequences of Hepatitis B virus genotypes B/C and serotypes adw/adr,with the highest frequencies in Chinese,were computed and analyzed by screening service offered by Internet combined with peptide supermotif,extended motif and quantitative motif prediction. Four most ideal ninepeptides (HBx1,HBx2,HBx3,and HBx4) were selected as candidate peptides. Using flow cytometry,the fluorescence index of both control and experimental groups were detected and the 4 ninepeptides were evaluated with T2 binding assay and DC50 assay. Results: The ninepeptides VLCLRPVGA (HBx1),CLFKDWEEL (HBx2),VLHKRTLGL (HBx3) and HLSLRGLPV (HBx4) were selected as candidate targets. Among the 4 candidate peptides,HBx2 showed higher HLAA0201 affinity and HBx2,HBx4 showed better stability.Conclusion: Our study indicates that CLFKDWEEL might be a potential HLAA0201 restricted CTL epitope from hepatitis B virus X protein; further study is needed for verification of its immunity in vivo．

Abstract:Objective：To explore the possible pathways and regulatory mechanism of TGFβ1induced transdifferentiation of derma fibroblasts(FB) into myofibroblasts. Methods: Mice Wildtype and Smad3 knockout(Smad3 KO) derma FB were divided into 9 groups,namely,A:Wildtype FB; B:Wildtype FB+TGFβ1; C:Wildtype FB+SB431542; D:Wildtype FB+SB431542+TGFβ1; E:Smad3 KO FB; F:Smad3 KO FB+TGFβ1; G:Wildtype FB+SB203580+TGFβ1; H:Wildtype FB+PD98059+TGFβ1; and I:Wildtype FB+SP600125+TGFβ1. After synchronization treatment,the cells were treated with TGFβ1 with or without pretreatment with above mentioned kinases inhibitors. Then the cells were collected for RNA extraction and the expression of αSMA was detected by real time quantitative RTPCR; some cells were analyzed by single cell RTPCR to test the positive expression rate of αSMA.Results: The expression and positive rate of αSMA in SB431542 group and Smad3 knockout group were significantly increased（group E vs. group A；group D vs. group C；group F vs. group E，P<0.01） and those in SP600125 group and SB203580 group were significantly inhibited（group G and I vs. group B，P<0.05）. Conclusion: In TGFβ1induced derma fibroblasts transdifferentiation into myofibroblasts,Smad3 pathway plays a negative regulatory role and p38/MAPK and JNK/MAPK pathway play a positive regulatory role.

Abstract:Objective：To construct prokaryotic expression vector pET30aFTL, obtain purified FTL protein and to prepare antiFTL polyclonal antibody, so as to provide evidence for studying the biological function of the antibody. Methods: Gene recombination technology was used to link FTL gene (PCR product) and prokaryotic expression vector pET30a(+); the recombinant plasmid was then transformed into E.coli BL21 and the positive clones were identified by restriction enzyme digestion and PCR. Expression FTL protein was induced with IPTG and the expression product was purified. The purified FTL protein was used to immunize rabbits to obtain the antiserum. The specificity of the antibodies was examined by Western blotting. Results: The prokaryotic expression vector pET30aFTL was successfully constructed and a fusion protein, with a molecular weight of 25 800, was obtained after induction with IPTG and affinity chromatography. The antiFTL antibody was obtained from the immunized rabbits. The results of Western blotting indicated that the polyclonal antibody had high specificity to FTL protein. Conclusion: We have successfully obtained the purified FTL protein and antiFTL polyclonal antibody, which lays a foundation for further research on the biological function of FTL and expression of FTL in lung cancer tissues.

Abstract:Objective：To study the effect of melatonin (Mel),a potent antioxidant,on the oxidative stress and the activity of hypothalamopituitaryadrenal axis in diabetic rats. Methods: Male SD rats were assigned to the following 4 groups:normal control (treated with 2% ethyl alcohol lavage\[NC,n=6\]),diabetes mellitus control (treated with 2% ethyl alcohol lavage \[DM,n=7\]),diabetes mellitus model group 1 (treated with Mel lavage \[10 mg·kg-1·d-1,DM+Mel1,n=6\]), diabetes mellitus model group 2 (treated with Mel lavage \[0.2 mg·kg-1·d-1,DM+Mel2,n=6\]).Diabetes in DM group, DM+Mel1 group and DM+Mel2 group was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotacin(65 mg/kg).Blood glucose,body weight and adrenal gland weight/body weight(AW/BW) were determined in the 4 groups 12 weeks later;malondialdehyde(MDA) was examined with visible spectrophotometry; blood total cholesterol (TC)and triglyceride(TG) were examined with enzymology method; blood corticotrophinreleasing hormone(CRH),adrenocorticotrophic hormone(ACTH) and corticosterone(CORT) were examined with radioimmune method. Results: Blood glucose, MDA , TC, TG,CRH,ACTH,CORT and AW/BW in DM group were significantly higher than those in NC group(P<0.01); and the body weight of rats in DM group were significantly lower those of NC group(P<0.01). Compared with DM group, DM+Mel1 and DM+Mel2 group had a significantly lower blood glucose, MDA ,TC,TG and AW/BW (P<0.01 or P<0.05) and higher body weight (P<0.01). Blood CRH,ACTH and CORT were markedly decreased in DM+Mel1 group(P<0.01); blood CORT were markedly decreased in DM+Mel2 group (P<0.05); blood CRH and ACTH in DM+Mel2 group had no significant changes. Conclusion: Mel may lower the oxidase activity, improve metabolic disorder of glucose and fat, and inhibit the activity of hypothalamopituitaryadrenal axis in diabetic rats, exerting protective effect on diabetic rats.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the expression of MMP3 and extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) in benign and malignant breast lesions and its relevance. Methods: Using immunohistochemical method, we examined the expression of MMP3 and EMMPRIN proteins in 58 breast cancer specimens，28 premalignant lesions, 40 hyperplasia specimens, 40 benign tumor specimens and 20 normal breast tissues. The expression of MMP3 mRNA and EMMPRIN mRNA was examined using in situ hybridization in 20 breast cancer specimens，20 premalignant lesions, 20 hyperplasia specimens, 20 benign tumor specimens and 20 normal breast tissues. The values of integral optic density （IOD）of the expression was calculated by image analysis system. Results: The expression of MMP3 and EMMPRIN proteins and mRNA was stronger in breast cancer and premalignant lesions than in the other lesions. The IODs of MMP3 and EMMPRIN proteins and mRNA in breast cancer and premalignant lesion were significantly higher than those of hyperplasia, benign tumors and normal breast tissues（P＜0.01）; there was no significant differences between the first 2 groups and between the last 3 groups. Expression of EMMPRIN in breast cancer patients with lymphatic metastasis was higher than those without lymphatic metastasis (P<0.05). MMP3 mRNA expression was positively correlated with EMMPRIN mRNA expression in all groups, but the correlation between expression of MMP3 and EMMPRIN proteins was different in different groups. Conclusion: Overexpression of MMP3 and EMMPRIN may play an important role in the malignant transformation of breast lesions. Patients with high expression of EMMPRIN are more likely to have lymphatic metastasis.

Abstract:Objective：To evaluate the perfusion defect of superficial lesions by highfrequency contrastenhanced ultrasound through comparing the results of lowfrequency and highfrequency contrastenhanced ultrasound, and to put forward the preliminary countermeasures. Methods: Twentythree patients (9 male and 14 female, aged 45.87±9.32 years, ranging 3473 years) with 6 sorts of superficial lesions, including 1 parotid pleomorphic adenoma, 3 thyroid adenomas, 5 thyroid adenocarcinomas, 5 cervical metastases, 7 breast carcinomas and 2 of testicular seminomas, were examined by both lowfrequency and highfrequency contrastenhanced ultrasounds. CEUS with SonoVue under CPSCadence mode was performed for each lesion using abdominal probe (lowfrequency probe) 5 min before small parts probe (highfrequency probe). ACQ software was used to determine the peak intensity (PI) and the results were analyzed by Student’s t test in pairs. Results: The PI values of all the 6 types of lesions were significantly lower in highfrequency contrastenhanced ultrasound images than those in the lowfrequency contrastenhanced ultrasound images (P<0.001). Conclusion: The microvascular enhancement of superficial lesions by highfrequency CEUS might be lower than the real enhancement intensity. Abdominal lowfrequency probe should be recommended for revealing the perfusion status of superficial lesions after highfrequency probe, which is used for observing the morphology and internal structures of superficial lesions.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the influence of lung inflation on MR perfusion imaging of human lung using an arterial spin labeling sequence called flow sensitive alternating inversion recovery (FAIR). Methods: Coronal perfusionweighted images were obtained at different respiratory phases from 10 healthy volunteers on a 1.5T whole body scanner (GE medical system) using FAIR sequence. The changes of tagging efficiency of pulmonary parenchyma (ΔSI %), pulmonary blood flow and area of the scanning slice of different respiratory phases were analyzed. Results: (1) Significant difference was found in ΔSI% between different respiratory phases（right lung P=0.021 5，left lung P=0.008 4）, with that at end expiration greater than that at end inspiration. (2) Significant difference was also found in pulmonary blood flow at different respiratory phases (right lung P=8.92×10-5，left lung P=0.000 2), with that at end expiration higher than that at end inspiration. (3) The areas of the scanning slice were also significantly different at different respiratory phases (right lung P=2.94×10-5，left lung P=0.000 5), with that at end inspiration larger than that at end expiration. Conclusion: Pulmonary blood flow during expiration is higher than that during inspiration, which might be due to the decreased lung volume and increased vascular density during expiration.

Abstract:Objective：To employ the subtraction technique of 64slice spiral CT angiography for intra and extracranial arteries imaging, so as to study the managing method and assess the clinical outcome. Methods: The precontrast and postcontrast images of 100 patients were obtained by 64slice spiral CT angiography. A special head holder was used during the scanning to guarantee the accurate overlapping of the precontrast and postcontrast images. A reconstructed threedimensional model of the precontrast bone dataset was subtracted from the postcontrast dataset to produce the subtracted images. (1) An experienced operator performed the conventional and subtraction reconstructions; the periods for image generation of both methods were recorded and compared. (2) The quality of the images were evaluated and graded (grade 15) by 2 experienced radiologists in a doubleblinded manner. Results: (1) The new subtraction technique using 64slice spiral CT angiography needed significantly less time than the conventional method did (11.01±1.89 min vs 14.30±2.25 min，P<0.01). (2) The correlation coefficient of the results of 2 radiologists was 0.87. The score of image quality by subtraction 64slice spiral CT angiography was significantly higher than that by the conventional method (4.22±050 vs 2.93±0.36，P<0.05).Conclusion: Subtraction 64slice spiral CT angiography is easy to use and time saving for intra and extracranial artery imaging; it does not has the difficulty of separating artery from bone and is worth popularizing in clinic.

Abstract:Objective：To establish a canine model of lumbosacral nerve root compression, so as to search for treatment for radicular pain and numbness caused by nerve root compression. Methods: Eighteen male adult mongrel dogs were evenly randomized into 3 groups: 7 days group, 14 days group and 28 days group. A 5 mm long thick silica tube (diameter 34 mm) were implanted under right L6, L7 and S1 nerve root to establish the compression model; the left side served as self controls. Results: Dynamic observation with histopathology and immunohistochemical staining showed that, after the nerve root nerve root compression, the myelinated nerve fibers decreased and there was ultrastructure changes of the nerve fibers, such as Schwann cell cytoplasm swelling and edema, Wallerian degeneration, and demyelinated degeneration of axons. Conclusion: The ultrastructural changes of nerve root are the pathological basis of the function loss of the nerve root. The present model is more closer to the model of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation and stenosis of nerve root compression and it provides a basis for treatment of compressioncaused radicular pain and numbness in clinic.

Abstract:Objective：To study the longterm inhibitory effect of external stent on atherosclerosis of autologous vein graft in hypercholesterolemic rabbit and the possible mechanism.Methods: Hypercholesterolemic model was established in 15 rabbits and their bilateral jugular veins were anastomosed with bilateral carotid arteries. One jugular vein graft was stented with a polytetrafluoroethylene tube (external stent group) and the other receiving no stenting served as control (unstent group). Ultrasound was used to evaluate the haemodynamics 12 weeks after operation. The grafts were harvested to examine the thickness and area of intima and media, the deposition of lipid in the vessel wall, and the distribution of VCAM1 positive cells. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to evaluate the regeneration of endothelium. Results: Ultrasound results showed that the stent group was laminar blood flow and the control group had vortex flow. The thickness and areas of intima and media were significantly lower in the stent group than in the control group (P<0.01); the foam cells and deposition of lipid in the vein wall were significantly less in the stent group (P<0.01). No atherosclerosis plaque was founded in the stent group. VCAM1 positive cells in the control group were significantly more than those in the stent group (P<0.01). SEM showed that the endothelia were orderly, closely, and evenly arranged in the stent group; while those in the control group were in disorder, with larger gaps and different sizes. Conclusion: External stent can improve hemodynamics of vein graft, accelerate endothelium remodeling and reduce the deposition of lipid; it can also inhibit vein graft smooth muscle hyperplasia, and reduce foam cells in vein graft, indicating that external stent can inhibit the atherosclerosis of vein grafts in a long run.

Abstract:Objective：To summarize our initial experience on threedimensional electroanatomic mapping with CartoMerge, so as to provide evidence for guiding catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: Fifteen patients with paroxysmal/persistent AF (13 paroxysmal and 2 persistent), who were to receive catheter ablation, were analyzed by CARTOMERGE, which combines computed tomography (CT) angiography, picture merging, guiding ablation, etc. Results: There were 103±13 mapping points before ablation, with 66±15 in the left ablation circle and 58±20 in the right. The distance between points and surface was (1.8±0.2) mm in the merged images. Operation time was (305±45) min and the Xray exposure time was (52±18) min. Isolation of pulmonary veins potential was achieved in all patients and there was no complication during the operation. Conclusion: Threedimensional CT images is very close to the the real anatomy of left atrium and pulmonary veins. Cartomerge technique can overcome some shortcomings of Carto electroanatomic mapping pictures, which can improve the successful rate of operation and reduce complications.

Abstract:

Abstract:Objective：To study the expression of F1ATPaseα in nonsmall cell lung cancer and its clinical significance. Methods: (1)The expression level of F1ATPaseα was examined by immunohistochemical Envision method in 38 NSCLC samples and the adjacent normal tissues, 7 benign tumors and chronic pneumonia samples. (2)F1ATPaseα mRNA expression were detected in 12 fresh samples of NSCLC and the adjacent normal tissues by PTPCR.(3)The expression of F1ATPaseα on the pericellular membrane of A549 cells was observed by immunofluorescence. Results: (1)Immunohistochemistry analysis showed median and higher expression of F1ATPaseα in 36 of NSCLC specimens and 11 adjacent normal tissues; lower expression was detected in all the benign samples.The overexpression of F1ATPaseα in lung adenocarcinoma tissues were significantly higher than that in the lung squamous cancer (P<0.05). The expression of F1ATPaseα in NSCLC was not associated with the histology type, location, differentiation degree, size, invasion and metastasis. (2) The relative level of ECTOF1ATPaseα was 0.31±0.12 in the adjacent normal tissues and 0.54±0.19 in NSCLC tissues (P<0.01). (3)The conspicuous positive expression of F1ATPaseα on the pericellular membrane of A549 cells was not observed on normal bronchial epithelial cells.Conclusion: （1）NSCLC has a higher expression of F1ATPaseα and the expression is on the pericellular membrane of A549 cells, which may provide a new target for molecular therapy of NSCLC.

Abstract:Objective：To analyze the high risk behaviors of HIV/AIDS and its influencing factors in men who have sex with man (MSM) in a city, so as to provide evidence for the targeted intervention. Methods: Between July 2006 and October 2006, 1000 MSM were sampled by snowball sampling and had a face to face interview by well trained investigators with informed consent. Questions on age, education background, and sex orientation were designated and 3 ml blood samples were obtained for examination of HIV and syphilis. χ2 test and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results: The average age of the 1 000 MSM was 27.8±9.1 years old. In the past 6 months, 43.6% of them had 3 or more male sex partners, 53.6% had unprotected anal intercourse with men, 8.0% had commercial sex with men, and 24.3% had sex with women. Elder subjects had a higher ratio of unprotected anal intercourse and malefemale sex; subjects with lower educational background had more sex partners and malefemale sex. Subjects working in the bathhouse had a higher ratio of commercial sex and malefemale sex. Subjects with a malefemale sex orientation or undetermined sex orientation had a higher ratio of commercial sex. Syphilis was detected in 93(9.3%) subjects and HIV was detected in 104 (10.4%) subjects; among them 18 subjects had both syphilis and HIV. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the aged (OR=3.5, 95％CI 1.77.1), the number of male sex partners (OR=3.8,95%CI 1.97.6), the behavior of unprotected anal intercourse (OR=1.9,95%CI 1.03.5) and the infection of syphilis (OR=2.1,95%CI 1.43.4) were independently associated with the risk of HIV/AIDS prevalence; the knowledge of AIDS was the protective factor of HIV/AIDS prevalence（OR=0.5,95%CI 0.30.7）. Conclusion: High risk behaviors of HIV exist in MSM population in the researched city; there is local epidemic of HIV. Interventions should be given according to age, educational background, sex orientation, etc.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the relationship between margin width in extended lumpectomy for breast cancer with survival rate, local recurrence rate,and cosmetic result.Methods: The clinical data of 42 breast cancer patients who had a 2 cm incision margin width (group A) and 37 who had a 3cm incision margin width (group B) were retrospectively analyzed. The 5year, 10year survival rates, recurrence rates, and the cosmetic results were compared between the 2 groups. Results: The 5year and 10year survival rates in patients of group A were 90.1% and 85.3%, respectively; in patients of group B were 92.3% and 83.6%, respectively（P>0.05）. The 5year and 10year local recurrence rates in patients of group A were 5.9% and 11.6%, respectively; in patients of group B were 3.4% and 12.9%, respectively（P>0.05）.The cosmetic result was significantly better in group A than that in group B（P<0.05）.Conclusion: An incision margin width of 2 cm is enough for extended lumpectomy. It is not necessary to further expand the margin width; otherwise, it may influence the cosmetic results after operation.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the blood pressure, heart rate and metabolism status in disabled Uigur subjects in rural district of Kuerle, Xinjiang Autonomous Region, so as to provide a basis for health care of the disabled. Methods: The systolic pressure (SBP), diastolic pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), body mass index, waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG) were determined in 120 disabled subjects (64 males, 56 females) and 126 normal individuals (60 males, 66 females). The results were compared between the disabled and the normal subjects. Results: Blood pressure was significantly lower in the disabled than in normal individuals (male SPB: \[117±19\] mmHg vs \[125±23\] mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa）, P<0.05, DBP: \[74±13\] mmHg vs \[79±12\] mmHg, P<0.05; female SPB: \[117±21\] mmHg vs \[126±22\] mmHg, P<0.05, DBP: \[74±11\] mmHg vs \[80±13\] mmHg, P<0.05). HR was significantly higher in the male disabled than in male normal individuals (\[86±13\] beat/min vs \[79±11\] beat/min, P<0.05). TC and TG were lower in the female disabled than in the female normal individuals (TC: \[4.0±0.6\] mmol/L vs \[4.4±0.6\] mmol/L, P<0.05; TG: \[1.1±0.4\] mmol/L vs \[1.5±0.5\] mmol/L, P<0.05\] ; there were no significant difference in the males (P>0.05). Fasting plasma glucose was not significantly different between the disabled and the normal individuals (P>0.05). A stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that age and waist circumference were independent predictors of blood pressure; disability and waist circumference were significant independent predictors of HR. Conclusion: Blood pressure is lower in the disabled Uigurs of both sexes; HR is higher in the disabled male and blood lipid is lower in the disabled female in rural district of Kuerle of Xinjiang Autonomous Region.

Abstract:Objective：To conduct a numerical taxonomy research on the origin plants of Fructus Xanthii and to identify this crude drug, so as to provide evidence for the classification, identification and germplasm optimization of Xanthium genus. Methods: Fruits of Xanthium plants from 25 populations in China were collected and cultivated in the same location. Their growing conditions and morphological characteristics were observed after seedling emergence. And 20 taxonomic characters of the plants such as growth cycle, height of the whole plant, length of leafstalk, length and density of involucre thorn, length of beak and color of ripe fruits, etc. were selected for detailed observation, recording and analysis. Original data matrix X={Xij}25×20was established by means of 25 operational taxonomic units（OTU） and related 20 groups of characteristic data. The established matrix was analyzed using hierarchical cluster analysis on SPSS 13.0 software．Results and Conclusion: The origin plants of Fructus Xanthii from 25 populations of China fell into four groups, largely consistent with the morphological identification results of this study. The first group was identified as Xanthium sibiricum, the second as X. mongolicum, the third as X. sibiricum var. subinerme, and the fourth was temporarily named as “Shenzhen-type cocklebur” Xanthium sp.. The Shenzhen-type cocklebur was special in some taxonomic characters and was possibly a cultivated variety of Xanthium genus. The origin plants of Fructus Xanthii in China can be systematized into 3 species and 1 type, which has been added to the existing taxonomic criteria. The cluster analysis method in this study can be applied for discrimination of Xanthium plants and crude drugs.

Abstract:Objective：To study the chemical components in the root of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. Methods: Chemical components of Asparagus cochinchinensis root were isolated by column chromatography on macroporous resin, Silgel, Sephadex LH20, ODS, etc. and the structures of the components were identified by physiochemical and spectral analysis, such as MS, 1HNMR, and 13CNMR. Results: The following 5 components were isolated and identified: diosgenin3OβDglucopyranoside(Ⅰ), smilagenin(Ⅱ), 26OβDglucopyranosylfurost3β,22,26triol3OβDglucopyranosyl(1→2)OβDglucopyranoside(Ⅲ),26OβDglucopyranosylfurost5，20en3β，2α，26triol3O\[αα rhamnopyranosyl（1→2）\]\[ααrhamnopyranosyl（1→4）\]βDglucopyranoside(Ⅳ), and 26OβDglucopyranosylfurost3β, 26diol22methoxy3OαLrhamnopyranosy（1→4）OβDglucopyranoside (Ⅴ). Conclusion: All the 5 compounds isolated from Asparagus cochinchinensis in this study is reported for the first time.

Abstract:Objective：To determine the contents of celosin A and celosin B in Semen celosiae.Methods: HPLC was carried out with an Agilent Alliance, Model 1100, equipped with Elite ODS C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm，5 μm) and evaporated light scattering detector (ELSD). The mobile phase (acetonitrile0.1% glacial acetic acid) was eluted in gradient mode.Results: Celosin A and the peak area showed a good linearship within the range of 2.530.0 μg, with the recovery rate being 99.89% (n=6) and RSD being 1.85%. Celonsin B and the peak area showed a good linearship within the range of 1.2515.0 μg, with the recovery rate being 98.98% (n=6) and the RSD being 1.78%. Contents of celosin A and celosin B in 8 Semen celosiae samples on medical markets were obviously different from each other, ranging from(0.051 2±0.001 6)% to (0.114 3±0.000 8)% and (0.010 9±0.001 9)% to (0.081 5±0.000 9)%.Conclusion: We have established an HPLCELSD method for determining the effective contents of Semen celosiae; the method is accurate and simple.

Abstract:Objective： To study the influence of chitosan on proliferation of bladder epithelial cells, so as to discuss its feasibility in treatment of interstitial cystitis. Methods: Bladder epithelial cells were harvested by enzymatic digestion of the epithelium of NewZealand rabbit bladder. The cells were cultured in different concentrations of chitosan（0.3,0.6,1.2,2.4 and 4.8 g/L） for 72 h; untreated cells served as control. The growth and proliferation of cells were observed under microscope. The effects of chitosan on proliferation of cells were studied by NAG assay and cell counting. Results: Immunohistochemistry staining revealed that the cultured cells were epithelial cells. Chitosan (>0.3 g/L) promoted the growth of epithelial cells, and the promoting effect was significantly when the concentration of chitosan was 1.2 g/L (P<0.01).The promoting effects were decreased when the concentrations of chitosan were 2.4 and 4.8 g/L,but were still higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion: Chitosan can promote the growth of the bladder epithelial cell in vitro, which might contribute to the treatment of interstitial cystitis

Abstract:Objective：To study the effects of penetration enhancers and their combinations on the transdermal delivery of fluoxetine hydrochloride and to discuss the feasibility of transdermal administration of drugs. Methods: The penetration rate of fluoxetine hydrochloride through rat skin in vitro was measured using ValiaChien diffusion cells and high pressure liquid chromatography was used for analysis. Results: Penetration enhancers,such as Azone,Nmethyl2pyrrolidone(NMP),oleic acid,and their combinations all had peneration enhancing effect except for propylene glycol(PG). Azone combined with PG or NMP had the most potent enhancing effect. Conclusion: Satisfactory penetration of fluoxetine hydrochloride through rat skin can be obtained by correct combination of enhancers.

Abstract:Tumor cells have different physiological and biochemical features as compared to normal cells; abnormal expressi of certain genes is also found in tumor cells. Overexpression of genes provide targets for targetedadministration of drugs, which can avoid damage to normal cells during treatment of tumors. Fatty acid synthase (FAS) and human epidermal growth factor receptor2 (HER2) are both overexpressed in some tumor cells. Herceptin, an HER2targeted agent, has been used to treat HER2positive breast cancer patients worldwide and has obtained satisfactory outcome. Cerulomycin, an agenttargeting FAS, is now in FDA clinical trial. Recent researches have shown that FAS and HER2 are simultaneously overexpressed in some tumors, such as breast cancer cells and ovarian cancer cells; and there is a connection between their signal pathways and a synergistic effect between them. This paper reviews the relationship between FAS and HER2 in tumor cells.

Abstract:Chronic wound has very complicated pathogenesis and is difficult to treat; the situation has been improving owing to the progress in wound healing research and the clinical application of new techniques. This article focuses on the pathogenesis of chronic wound and introduces progress in various kinds of treatment,such as skin substitute,growth factors,negative pressure treatment,etc.

Abstract:随着对CYP2C19基因多态性研究的不断深入，人们发现它同时存在个体差异和种群差异，而且这些差异影响到多学科疾病的诊断和治疗。它对酸相关性疾病及幽门螺杆菌感染的治疗疗效、慢性肝病及肝移植患者的药物选择、抗癫药物及抗抑郁药物剂量的调整以及肿瘤高危性的判断、免疫抑制剂不良反应的大小等均有影响。本文对CYP2C19的基因多态性及其临床意义的研究进展进行了介绍。

Abstract:目的：系统检测不同配伍组方小柴胡汤对人肝细胞的毒性，为减毒改良提供依据。 方法:MTT法检测不同配伍组方小柴胡汤水煎液和超声萃取液对人肝癌细胞株(SMMC7721)活性的影响，以此作为初筛，并用正常人肝细胞进行验证。结果:小柴胡汤原方、黄芩、黄芩+柴胡水煎液对人肝癌细胞株生长有显著抑制作用，作用强度原方<黄芩<黄芩+柴胡合煎液；黄芩+半夏、柴胡、半夏、人参、甘草、生姜和大枣水煎液无显著作用；超声法样品比水煎法样品的抑制作用弱。结论:小柴胡汤原方水煎液具有肝细胞毒性，主要毒性药材为黄芩，柴胡可增强黄芩的毒性，半夏可降低黄芩的毒性。

Abstract:目的：制备并鉴定携带小鼠神经生长因子前导肽（PN）和人内吗啡肽2（EM2）融合基因的重组非增殖型腺病毒。方法:PNEM2目的基因经酶切插入pAxCAwt载体，构建PNEM2pAxCAwt重组黏粒，脂质体转染293细胞获取重组腺病毒。PCR鉴定后扩增不含野生型病毒的阳性克隆并纯化，采用TCID50法测定病毒滴度；体外感染NIH3T3细胞观察转基因的表达，酶联免疫反应（EIA）法测定表达产物浓度。结果:融合基因序列正确，PCR可检测到401 bp的融合基因条带并排除野生病毒株，腺病毒AdPNEM2滴度为2.03×1010pfu／ml。NIH3T3细胞转染病毒后，细胞培养液内可检测到EM2的表达，明显高于空转染及未转染细胞（P＜0.05），且随时间的延长，表达水平逐渐上升。结论:成功构建能够在非神经内分泌细胞内转基因表达成熟人EM2的非增殖型腺病毒，为进一步将其应用于慢性疼痛的基因治疗奠定了基础。

Abstract:目的：研究氯喹体外单独以及与两性霉素B(AmB)联合应用对新生隐球菌生长的影响。方法:（1）不同浓度氯喹分别与两种新生隐球菌变种的菌悬液共培养，检测4、6、8 h后菌悬液浓度的变化，并与不含氯喹的菌悬液对照比较；（2）检测3种浓度氯喹与AmB联合后对10株菌株的敏感性变化。结果:(1)在与隐球菌菌悬液共同孵育4、6和8 h时，50 μmol/L以下浓度的氯喹培养与生长对照之间隐球菌的生长百分率差异不显著；而在50~100 μmol/L浓度时，氯喹培养与生长对照之间隐球菌的生长百分率差异显著；氯喹浓度在500 μmol/L以上时，氯喹与隐球菌共孵育后，隐球菌菌悬液的浓度甚至低于原先浓度。但氯喹对隐球菌两种变种的作用没有差别。(2)氯喹与AmB联合应用可以明显降低AmB的MIC,而且也随着剂量增长而增强。结论:高浓度氯喹在体外具有抑制隐球菌生长和杀灭隐球菌的作用，并可增强AmB的抗隐球菌能力。

Abstract:

Abstract: