Abstract:Despite of great strides already made,China is still lagging behind Western countries in terms of scientific innovation,which is not parallel with China’s economic achievement. Here I would like to summarize my experience in 30-year science research from the following two aspects:one is the motivation and source of innovation and the other is the value and implication of innovation. I will mainly focus on the relation of innovation with accidental discovery,reversed thought,long term accumulation,and challenge of the authorities. I will also discuss the great role of innovation in developing new theories,guiding medical practice,and dealing with emergencies.

Abstract:Objective:To determine the 16S rDNA sequences of 44 strains of Sulfitobacter sp. obtained from the East China Sea and to study their biological activities. Methods:PCR was used to amplify the 16S rDNA sequences of the 44 strains,and the obtained sequences were subjected to GenBank similarity search.The multiple sequence alignment of the 44 strains was done by Clustal X1.8 and MEGA4.1.The antibacterial activities of Sulfitobacter sp. fermentation broths were tested using the following indicator bacteria：Pyricularia oryzae,Bacillus subtills,and Escherichia coli.The cytotoxic activities of the fermentation broths were tested using HL-60 and HepG2 as the indicator cells.ABTS and DPPH antioxidant models were applied to test the free radical scavenging efficacy of the fermentation broth.Results:Analysis of the 16S rDNA genes of the 44 strains showed high similarity (97%-100%) to Sulfitobacter sp..No fermentation broths of the 44 strains showed evident anti-bacterial activities,and they showed different degrees of cytotoxic activities and free radical scavenging capacities.Nineteen strains inhibited the growth of HepG2 cells,with the inhibition rate ranging 6.8%-42.8%; 18 strains inhibited the growth of HL-60 cells,with the inhibition rate ranging 6.9%-43.6%; 12 strains showed ABTS radical scavenging capacity,with the elimination rate ranging 4.49%-23.08%; and 8 strains showed DPPH radical scavenging capacity,with the elimination rate ranging 1.23%-30.76%.Conclusion:The 44 Sulfitobacter sp.strains possess evident cytotoxic activities and free radical scavenging capacities,making them potential for medicinal application and laying a foundation for further development of these bacteria.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effects of β-D-glucosyl-(1-4)-α-L-thevetosides of 17β-digitoxigenin (GHSC-73),an isolate from the seeds of Cerbera manghas L.,on cell growth and cell cycle regulation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2,and to discuss the related mechanism.Methods: HepG2 cells were treated with different concentrations (0-80 μmol/L) of GHSC-73.Cell viability was determined using MTT assay at 24,48,and 72 h after treatment.Cell cycle distribution was assessed by flow cytometry after propidium iodide (PI) staining.Expression of the S phase associated genes GADD153,cyclin D1,cyclin A2,DHFR,TYMS,and p21 was determined by real-time RT-PCR before and after GHSC-73 treatment.Results: GHSC-73 inhibited the cell proliferation of HepG2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner.The values of IC50 were (5.18±0.21),(0.37±0.08),and (1.66±0.16) μmol/L at 24,48,and 72 h,respectively.Compared with control group,the proportion of cells in S phase increased in the treatment group with the prolongation of treatment,the cells in G0/G1 phase gradually decreased (P<0.05),and cells in G2/M phase remained unchanged,indicating that GHSC-73 blocked HepG2 cell in S phase.Real-time RT-PCR showed that cyclin A2,DHFR, and TYMS were down-regulated,and p21,GADD153, and cyclin D1 were up-regulated,which might be associated with the GHSC-73-induced S phase arrest in HepG2 cells.Conclusion: GHSC-73 can inhibit growth of HepG2 cells by inducing S phase arrest; down-regulation of cyclin A2,DHFR, and TYMS genes and up-regulation of p21,GADD153,and cyclin D1 genes might participate in the induction of arrest.

Abstract:Objective:To establish a new hepatocellular carcinoma cell line EHBC-512 and to analyze its biological property,so as to lay a foundation for future study.Methods:The specimen of liver cancer was resected during operation and was primary cultured.The morphology of cells was observed under optical and electron microscope.The cell cycle was examined with flow cytometry; the chromosome karyotype was also analyzed.The expression of AFP in the culture supernatant was detected by immunofluorescence and chemoluminescence.The cultured cells were implanted into nude mice for observation of tumor formation.Results:The cultured cell line had the character of liver cancer under light microscope,and had rich mitochondria,with obvious nuclear heteromorphism and a chromosome number of 110-120.The doubling time of the cells was 48 h,and the adherence rate was 90%.Immunofluorescence showed that the cells were positive of AFP and CK18 and negative of CEA and CK19.The production of AFP was higher and the content of AFP was higher than 1 210 μg/L.The histology of the exografts was similar to that of the primary tumor.Conclusion:We have successfully established a new hepatocellular cell line EHBC-512,which can stably secrete AFP in vitro,providing a novel tool for liver cancer research.

Abstract:Objective:To screen for seasickness behavior parameters in rats with simulated seasickness,so as to investigate the rule of seasickness adaptation in rats.Methods:SD rats were stimulated daily by Crampton model.Urine volume (UV) and amount of fecal particle (FP) were observed during stimulation,and the spontaneous activity (SA) was also determined immediately after stimulation.Interventional experiments were performed using anti-motion sickness drugs to examine the specificity of the indices.Results:On the first day of stimulation,the FP of stimulating group increased significantly compared with the normal control group (P<0.05),while SA decreased significantly (P<0.01).FP and SA of stimulating group gradually recovered with the increase of stimulation period; there was a significant correlation between FP,SA with stimulation times (P<0.01).FP and SA recovered to the normal levels on the 9th,7th day,respectively.The experimental group received gastric perfusion of scopolamine（0.5,1 mg/kg）and was then subjected to rotation stimulation.The indices had no significant difference between the experimental group and the normal control group.Conclusion:It is indicated that FP during stimulation and SA after stimulation can be used for effective judgment of seasickness in rats.The rats become adapted to seasickness after 9 days’ continuous stimulation.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effect of lethal Vibrio vulnificus infection on the blood system and the pathology changes of the major organs in mice,and to explore the possible mechanism of the related death.Methods: Lethal Vibrio vulnificus-infection model was established with mice.The model mice were divided into two groups：a control group and an infection group.ELISA was used to examine the serum levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,and TF.Serum total bilirubin(TBIL),creatinine(Cre),and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were analyzed using automatic biochemical analyzer;whole blood cell analysis was also performed.The pathological changes of the heart,lung,liver,spleen,and kidney were observed under electron and light microscopes.Results: Compared with the control group,the serum levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,and TF were significantly increased in mice after infection with Vibrio vulnificus (P<0.05); the serum levels of BUN,Cre,TBIL,diastase and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were significantly increased (P<0.05).The ratios of WBC,platelet,and lymphocytes were all significantly decreased after infection compared with the control group (P<0.05).The ratios of red blood cells,monocytes,and Hb level were significantly increased compared with the control group (P<0.05).The pathological changes of major organs included hyperaemia,edema,inflammatory cell infiltration,and apoptosis.Conclusion: Lethal infection with Vibrio vulnificus can initiate super-inflammation reaction in mice; it can also activate the blood coagulation system and induce systemic tissue injury,finally leading to death.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the arterial baroreflex (ABR)-associated mechanism of losartan in protection of acute cerebral ischemia injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs).Methods:Losartan (10 mg·kg-1·d-1) were administered i.g. to SHRs for 2 weeks,and the hemodynamic parameters and the baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was determined.Then the rats were subjected to middle cerebral arterial (MCA) occlusion to establish acute cerebreal ischemia.The brain samples were obtained,sectioned and stained 24 h later; the infarction area of the brain was measured.Losartan and angiotensinⅡ (AngⅡ,100 pmol) were also microinjected into the nucleus of solitary tract (NTS) of rats,and the hemodynamic parameters and BRS were determined 24 h later.Then the rats were subjected to MCA occlusion to establish acute cerebral ischemia injury.The brain infarction area was measured 24 h after operation.Results:Compared to control rats,intragastric administration of losartan improved the ABR function and significantly decreased the infarction area (P<0.05).NTS microinjection of AngⅡ obviously increased the blood pressure,and decreased BRS value of rats.NTS microinjection of losartan did not change the blood pressure,and significantly improved the ABR function(P<0.05) and alleviated cerebral infarction injury(P<0.05).Conclusion:Losartan can improve the sensitivity of ABR and prevent acute cerebral infarction; NTS might be the target of losartan.

Abstract:Objective:To observe the sex hormone levels in adolescent male acne patients with normal serum testosterone,and to evaluate the curative effect of antiandrogen therapy.Methods:Totally 40 adolescent male acne patients with normal serum testosterone were evenly randomized into two groups:the treatment group received finasteride plus life-style intervention,and the control group received life-style intervention only.The curative effects were compared between the two groups,and the levels of serum testosterone,dihydrotestosterone (DHT),free testosterone (FT),sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) ,and estradiol (E2),and the adverse effects were observed before and after treatment.The curative effects in the treatment group were also observed 3 months after drug withdrawal.Another 40 healthy adolescent males served as normal group for comparison of the baseline hormone levels with ance patients.Results:The patients in our group had significantly higher levels of body fat content,E2 (P<0.05),DHT,and FT (P<0.01),and lower level of SHBG(P<0.05) compared with those in the normal control group.The overall effective rate of the treatment group was 90%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group ( 25%,P<0.01); the effective rate of the treatment group was 85% 3 months after drug withdrawal.The levels of DHT (P<0.01) and FT(P<0.05) in the treatment group were significantly decreased and the levels of SHBG was significantly increased (P<0.05) after treatment.There were no severe adverse effects in both groups.Conclusion:The adolescent male acne patients with normal serum testosterone have higher body fat content,DHT,FT,E2 and lower SHBF levels.The therapy using finasteride plus life-style is effective; it can greatly improve the serum level of SHBF and reduce adverse effects,with low recurrent rate after drug withdrawal.

Abstract:Objective:To observe the influence of rapamycin on the differentiation and proliferation of CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells,so as to lay a foundation for further studying its role in inducing immune tolerance.Methods: The spleens were taken from C57BL/6 mice under sterile condition and the mononuclear cells were isolated.CD4+ T cells were isolated by immunomagnetic beads (negative) and were divide into normal control group,rapamycin (0.1 μmol/L,for 7 days) group and cyclosporine (0.5 μmol/L,for 7 days) group.Flow cytometry was used to determine the proportions of CD4+CD25+ Treg cells,and RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of Foxp3 mRNA.Results: Compared with the control group,the proportion of CD4+CD25+ Treg cells in the CD4+T cells was significantly decreased (\[7.42±0.82\]% vs \[3.72±0.74\]%,P<0.01) in the cyclosporine group and was significantly increased (\[7.42±0.82\]% vs \[11.47±1.08\]%,P<0.01) in the rapamycin group.Expression of Foxp3 mRNA in rapamycin group was significantly higher than that in the other 2 groups(P<0.01); expression of Foxp3 mRNA in the cyclosporine group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Rapamycin can promote the proliferation and growth of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells in vitro, and facilitate the development of immune tolerance.It has a different immune suppression mechanism with cyclosporine A.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effect of celecoxib (CXB),a specific COX-2 inhibitor,on the proliferation of Han:SPRD-cy rats’ renal cyst,and to probe into the related mechanism.Methods: Totally 57 3-week-old male Han: SPRD heterozygous(cy/+) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=19): control group (fed with normal forage),low dosage CXB group (3 mg·kg-1·d-1) and high dosage CXB (10 mg·kg-1·d-1) treatment groups.The animals and their bilateral kidneys were weighed; the 2-kidney weight/total body weight(2K/TBW)ratio was calculated.The renal cystic index(CI),fibrosis index, and inflammatory cell infiltration in interstitium were observed by pathologic renal tissue slices.The co-expression of PCNA and COX-2 was analyzed by double immunofluorescence labeling technique and laser scanning confocal microscopy.The expression of PCNA and COX-2 protein was examined by Western blotting analysis.Results: The 2K/TBW ratio of the low dosage group(\[1.10±0.009\]%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (\[1.33±0.02\]%) at the 16-week old,(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the inflammatory cell infiltration in other two groups was significantly decreased (\[2.6±0.26\],\[2.8±0.31\]vs \[3.7±0.33\]),P＜0.05).The fluorescence intensities of COX-2,PCNA in the low dosage CXB group was significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the other two groups had significantly decreased expression of COX-2(\[0.326±0.011\],\[0.409±0.008\] vs \[0.814±0.012\],P＜0.05) and PCNA (\[0.763±0.051\],\[0.925±0.042\] vs \[0.988±0.031\],P＜0.05).Conclusion: CXB at 3,10 mg·kg-1·d-1 can reduce inflammatory cell infiltration and inhibit the proliferation of Han:SPRD rat’s renal cyst,probably through inhibition of COX-2.

Abstract:Objective:To observe the curative effects of self-designed adjustable titanium screw in treatment of unilateral vocal cord paralysis in dogs.Methods: We designed and prepared an adjustable titanium screw.The beagle dogs were divided into an experimental group and a control group (n=3) at random.Animals in the experimental group had their left recurrent laryngeal nerve resected and received implantation of adjustable titanium screw.The left arytenoid cartilage was adjusted to allow the left vocal cord in the middle,so as to achieve glottis closure when making a sound.The dogs in the control group only received recurrent laryngeal nerve resection.Observation with electron fibrolaryngoscope and CT was done immediately,1,2,and 4 months after operation; electron fibrolaryngoscope was also used before operation.The curative effects and the prognoses of dogs were observed.Results: Four months after operation electron fibrolaryngoscope found that the adjustable screw in the experimental group could make the left arytenoid cartilage move inwardly,benefiting glottis closure and improving the voice quality.Animals in the control group had their left vocal cord located in the paramedina position,and there was cleft during glottis closure.CT image indicated that the adjustable screw was in a good position,and there was no breaking off.Local slight inflammation was seen in both groups 1,2,and 4 moths after operation.Tntrinsic laryngeal muscle atrophy aggravated as time passing by.There was no severe inflammation around the implants or implants excretion.Conclusion: Our adjustable screw is easy to perform in surgical treatment of unilateral vocal cord paralysis; it can be adjusted during operation and the outcome can be observed in time.The short-time effect is confirmed and the method is worth popularizing.

Abstract:Objective:To discuss the feasibility of using the off-pump antegrade transventricular route for aortic valved stent implantation in canines,and to observe the short-term outcomes.Methods: Fresh porcine pericardium was treated with 0.6% glutaraldehyde solution for 36 h; then it was trimmed and sutured into a valvular ring and fixed on a new self-expanding dumb-bell-shaped nickel-titanium shape-memory alloy stent.The valved stents were then implanted off-pump in 8 canines.A limited or full sternotomy approach was used to access the apex of the heart.The crimped valve was introduced through a sheath in the left ventricular apex under ultrasound guidance.The function of valved stents was evaluated with electrocardiogram,echocardiography,computed tomography and DSA angiography early and 3 months after the procedure.Results: We successfully prepared the valved aortic stent.Five canines survived after implantation of the aortic valved stents.Angiographic and echocardiographic observation confirmed that the location and function of the stent were satisfactory,without influencing coronary blood flow and mitral valve function.CT examination showed no migration of the stent 3 months after the procedure,and there were no other prominent complications.Conclusion: Our new self-expanding valved stent can be deployed over the native aortic valves via transapical route, and the short-term outcome is satisfactory.

Abstract:Objective:To determine the plasma level of copeptin in patients with coronary heart disease,and to discuss its diagnostic value for severity of coronary atherosclerosis.Methods: Coronary angiography (CAG) was performed in 180 hospitalized patients with suspected coronary heart disease (CHD).The 180 patients were divided into two groups: CHD group (n=101) and non-CHD group (control,n=79) based on the results of CAG.The CHD group was further divided into subgroups according to the number of diseased coronary branches and Gensini’s score: one-vessel subgroup (38),two-vessel subgroup (34) and three-vessel subgroup (29),0＜Gensini’s score＜20 subgroup (40),20≤Gensini’s score＜40 subgroup (29) and Gensini’s score≥40 subgroup (32).Plasma copeptin,lipids,fasting plasma glucose,blood pressure,and body mass index were measured before CAG in all patients; age,sex, and prior medical histories including hypertension,diabetes mellitus, and smoking status were also obtained.Plasma copeptin was determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and were compared between different groups.Results: Plasma copeptin level(ng/ml) in CHD patients was significantly higher than that in the controls (0.953 6±0.098 6 vs 0.924 4±0.064 9,P<0.05).Plasma copeptin levels in two-vessel subgroup and three-vessel subgroup were significantly higher than those in the control and one-vessel subgroup (P＜0.05),with no significant difference found between the former two groups.Plasma copeptin levels in 20≤Gensini’s score＜40 subgroup and Gensini’s score≥40 subgroup were significantly higher than those in the control group and 0＜Gensini’s score＜20 subgroup (P＜0.05),with no significant difference found between 20≤Gensini’s score＜40 subgroup and Gensini’s score≥40 subgroup.Conclusion: Plasma copeptin in CHD patients is at a higher level,and to some extent it can reflect the severity of coronary atherosclerosis,but has little value in identification of severe coronary heart diseases.

Abstract:Objective:To perform trans-peritoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy via a single incision in treatment of adrenal tumors,and to discuss its clinical outcome and safety.Methods:Single incision trans-peritoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy was used in treatment of three patients with adrenal tumors.The incision was made 3 cm below the costal margin of anterior axillary line; three Tocars were placed in the cut.The instruments used included single port access,CUSA,Hem-o-lok,etc..Results:The three operations were all successful,and there were no conversion to open procedure or a need for extra Ttrocars.The operating time periods were 75,116,and 135 min,with a mean of （108.7±30.7）min.The perioperative blood losses were 10,20,and 30 ml,with a mean of （20±10）ml.The gastric canal and ureteral catheter were withdrew one day after operation,and the drainage tube was withdrew 3 d after operation.The mean postoperative hospital stay was 4 d.Conclusion: Single incision trans-peritoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy has the advantage of little trauma,less blood loss,satisfactory safety,and prompt postoperative recovery,but is difficult to manage.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the familial clustering risk factors for hepatitis B in Shanghai area.Methods: A standard,two-page questionnaire was designed to investigate the risk factors for HBV infection in the family members of index cases.The risk factors were analyzed between families with HBV clustering and families without HBV clustering (controls).Results: A total of 870 family members from 298 families were investigated.Multivariable analysis showed that family members with liver cirrhosis (P=0.004,OR=2.548,95%CI 1.352-4.800) and sharing of towels (P=0.016,OR=1.864,95%CI 1.125-3.089) were the independent factors for familial clustering of hepatitis B.Conclusion: Family members with liver cirrhosis and sharing of towels are the major risk factors for intrafamilial transmission of HBV in Shanghai.

Abstract:Objective:To systematically review the cardioprotective of sevoflurane in patients undergoing heart surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass,so as to provide evidence for anesthesia decision of cardiac surgery.Methods: Trials about the cardioprotective effect of sevoflurane under CPB were collected through electronic search of Medline,CNKI,and CMBdisk (from the date of database establishment to October 2008); manual search was also conducted.Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria,fourteen randomized-controlled trials were finally included in the present analysis.The details of the trial design,the characters of the subjects,and the results of the studies were reviewed and analyzed using RevMan 4.2 software.Results: The 14 trials involved 1 226 patients,including 616 receiving sevoflurane and 610 receiving total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA).Compared with TIVA,our analysis showed the following results.(1) Cardiac function:sevoflurane significantly increased the postoperative cardio index (CI,P<0.01) and cardiac output(CO,P<0.01).(2) Serum cTnI concentration at 24 h postoperation:sevoflurane group was significantly lower than that of TIVA group (P<0.01).(3)Sevoflurane significantly decreased the period of mechanical ventilation (P<0.01) and the length of intensive care unit stay (P<0.01),but the postoperative hospital stay was similar between the two groups.(4)The postoperative usage of inotropic agent was lower in sevoflurane group ( P<0.01).There were no significant differences in the mortality (P=0.59),the incidence of atrial fibrillation (P=0.11),and the myocardial infarction rate (P=0.11) between the two groups.Conclusion: Sevoflurane has cardioprotective effect in patients undergoing heart surgery under CPB.

Abstract:Objective:To measure the economic scale of military hospitals locating to the north of Central China.Methods: We collected the 2005-2007 panel data of 57 military hospitals in 3 different regions,and there were 171 observations.These data were used to estimate the total variable cost function by fixed effected model.The coefficient estimates were used to calculate the economic scale of hospitals of different categories.Results: The general hospitals with 891-1 230 beds showed economy of scale,those with more than 1 300 beds displayed diseconomy of scale.There was no obvious relation between beds and scale economy for the numbered hospitals.Conclusion: Larger market scale and disposition of administrative resources lead to economy of scale on expanded level in the general hospitals.Scale is not the determining factor; optimized allocation of resources,division of labor,and rational specialization are important for economy of scale.

Abstract:Objective:To observe the efficacy and safety of the multi-functional self-controlled pressure hemostatic bandage(MSPHB) in treatment of canine femoral artery bleeding,so as to lay a foundation for clinical application.Methods:Rubber tubing,half-hitch tourniquet and our MSPHB were used to treat 18 anesthetized mongrel dogs with fatal femoral artery injury. The pressure under the tourniquet and the related physiopathological parameters were measured 0.5,1,3,and 6 h after tourniquet application. The injuries of the involved tissues were observed.Results:The 3 treatments all had prominent hemostasis effect and the arterial incisions had no bleeding after treatment in all groups. The pressure produced by MSPHB was significantly lower than those by the other two tourniquets (P<0.05). The changes of serum CK,K+ and skin temperature in MSPHB group were significantly smaller than those of the other 2 groups at all defined time points (P<0.05). Also,PvO2 and SvO2 in the MSPHB group were significantly higher than those of the other 2 groups (P<0.05),but the PvCO2 was significantly lower than those in the other 2 groups(P<0.05).The injury of the muscle in the MSPHB group was slighter than those of the other 2 groups 6 h after application of tourniquets. Conclusion:MSPHB has similar hemostasis effect to rubber tubing and half-hitch tourniquet,and it also has less injury to the involved tissues.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the inspection mode of ethical issues for multicenter clinical trails in China,and to make analysis and give suggestions while taking into consideration of the international conventions. Methods: Representatives from 21 general hospitals and specialized hospitals from Liaoning province,Jiangsu province,Sichuan province,Guangdong province and Shanghai participated in a training course on promotion of ethical review capability; they were surveyed by anonymous questionnaire. Another 20 clinical trial agencies and ethical committees were interviewed by telephone. The questionnaires were collected and valid questionnaires were subjected to statistical analysis.Results: We found that 65.1% of the interviewees never used a central institutional review board (IRB); the main reasons included that they could not assess the quality of central IRB,they wanted to protect the subjects,they had a poor communication with the IRB,and they could not obtain a satisfactorily-localized informed consent forms. There were 34.9% of the interviewees used a central IRB,because they wanted to shorten the inspection time,avoid influence to the research progress,and to have satisfactory quality of IRB. Conclusion: Central IRB is not widely accepted. The related system needs to be further completed so as to improve the outcome of the inspection. The communication and cooperation between the central and local IRBs should be strengthened.

Abstract:Objective:To prepare a self-designed three-dimensional woven scaffold using poly lactide-co-glycolide acid (PLGA),and to observe the influence of the prepared scaffold on the growth of Schwann cells in vitro and its in vivo degradation.Methods: The 3D scaffolds were prepared by means of melt spinning,extension,weaving,and other procedures.The alignment of micro-tubules was observed under the scanning electronic microscope（SEM）.The size of the micropores was also measured.Primary cultured Schwann cells were seeded on the 3D scaffolds,and the growth,adherence,proliferation,and apoptosis of Schwann cells were observed under inverted phase contrast microscopy and SEM; the results were compared between Schwann cells cultured in collagen sponge and culture dish.The scaffold carrying Schwann cells was implanted into the paraspinal muscle in rats,and H-E staining was used to observe the in vivo degradation and the inflammation responses.Results: The external diameters of the scaffold and micro-tubules were 3 mm and 100 μm,respectively,and the micro-tubules were arranged in an even and parallel manner.The adherence rates and proliferation rates of Schwann cells were similar between scaffold group and collagen sponge group,but both groups were significantly lower than the culture dish group (P<0.05).The 3D scaffold degraded completely within 12 weeks,with no visible inflammatory cells around.Conclusion: The self-designed 3D scaffold has no harmful effect on the growth of Schwann cells,and it can degrade in vivo,showing a satisfactory biocompatibility.

Abstract:Objective:To establish an HPLC method for determination of chlorogenic acid,baicalin,emodin and chrysophanol contents in Kangjunxiaoyan tablet. Methods: After removing the coating,the powder of Kangjunxiaoyan tablet was extracted by 50% methanol for 30 min using the following condition: analytical column,Agilent Eclipse Plus-C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm); mobile phase:A,0.1% (v/v) phosphoric acid-water，B,methanol，C,acetonitrile with gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.8 ml/min; the detection wavelength was set at 254 nm; the temperature of column was 30℃; and the injection volume was 10 μl. Results: The title compounds were separated at baseline within 45 min with good linear,with the regression being Y=12.89X-12.66,r=0.999 9 for chlorogenic acid,Y=13.96X-1.013,r=1.000 0 for baicalin,Y=35.82X-4.923,r=0.999 9 for emodin,and Y=44.16X-3.280,r=0.999 9 for chrysophanol. The intra-day and inter-day precisions and the limits of detection were all within the normal range. The recovery rates(n=3) were:chlorogenic acid 101.5%(RSD=1.6%),baicalin 103.4%(RSD=1.4%),emodin 99.3%(RSD=2.0%),and chrysophanol 98.1%(RSD=1.7%). Conclusion: HPLC is a simple,accurate,stable,and reliable method in determining the contents of chlorogenic acid,baicalin,emodin,and chrysophanol in Kangjunxiaoyan tablet,and it can be used for quality control of this preparation.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the chemical constituents of Chaenomeles speciosa.Methods: The chemical constituents of Chaenomeles speciosa was analyzed by various chromatographic methods.The structures of the compounds were identified based on physicochemical properties and spectral data.Results: Nine compounds were obtained from the ethyl acetate fraction of C.speciosa and were identified as methyl chlorogenate (Ⅰ),5-O-cafeoyl quinic acid butyl ester (Ⅱ),quinic acid butyl ester (Ⅲ),5-hydroxymethyl-furan-2-carbaldehyde (Ⅳ),triacontanoic acid (Ⅴ),(-)-epicatichin (Ⅵ),7,8-dihydroxy-coumanrin (Ⅶ),protocatechuic acid ethyl ester (Ⅷ),and protocatechuic acid (Ⅸ).Conclusion: Compounds Ⅲ-Ⅷ have been obtained from this genus for the first time.

Abstract:Objective:To study the chemical constituents of the methylene chloride of Rubus chingii Hu..Methods:Chromatography on silica gel column,Sephadex LH-20 column,and recrystallization technique were used to isolate and purify the compounds.Spectroscopy methods including EI-MS,ES-MS,1H-NMR,13CNMR,HMQC,and HMBC were used to elucidate the structures of compounds.Results:Ten compounds were obtained and 9 compounds were identified as:hexacosanol(Ⅰ),β-sitosterol(Ⅱ),4-hydro-3-methlbenzal acid(Ⅲ),4-hydrobenzal dehyde(Ⅳ),oleanolic acid(Ⅴ),stigmast-5-en-3-ol,oleate(Ⅵ),1H-2-indenone,2,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-3-(1-methylethyl)-7a-methyl(Ⅷ), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acide(Ⅸ),and liballinol(Ⅹ).Conclusion:Compounds Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅵ,Ⅷ,and Ⅹhave been obtained from Rubus chingii for the first time.

Abstract:The biological role of hydrogen molecule has been misunderstood in some cases.Recent studies have indicated that hydrogen molecule is a promising selective antioxidant and has prominent therapeutic effects on many disorders.This paper reviews the recent progress on medical application of hydrogen molecule and proposes the possible research directions.

Abstract:Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1(TREM)-1,a recently identified molecule,is involved in monocytic activation and inflammatory responses.TREM-1 is a member of natural killer cell receptor family and is expressed on neutrophils,mature monocytes and macrophages,and it can enhance the inflammatory responses mediated by Toll-like receptor-2 and -4,showing a role of inflammation promotion.Reportedly sTREM-1 was detectable in the body fluids in the presence of bacterial or fungal infection; therefore it might be used as a marker for inflammation.In addition,recombinant sTREM-1 may also be a new method for anti-inflammatory therapy.Recently,it has been found that TREM-1 not only promoted the acute inflammatory responses,but also participated in the development of chronic inflammation.This review summarizes the role of TREM-1 in the inflammation-associated dieases.

Abstract:微创漏斗胸矫治术（Nuss术）不需前胸壁切口,创伤小、恢复快、矫形效果好,已迅速在世界各地开展。气胸、术后疼痛和支架移位是该术式的主要并发症,在胸骨凹陷严重的患者还有可能发生心包和心脏损伤等。为进一步提高Nuss手术的效果,减少手术并发症,2007年7月以来我们采用辅助剑突下小切口对Nuss手术进行了改良,取得了满意的效果,现报告如下。

Abstract:韦格纳肉芽肿病(Wegener’s granulomatosis,WG)是以毛细血管、微小动静脉受累为主的全身坏死性肉芽肿性血管炎\[1\]。典型的WG三联征包括上呼吸道、下呼吸道（肺）和肾脏病变,然而临床表现不典型者容易误诊。我院曾收治1例以多发性溃疡起病的WG患者,取得一些诊治经验,现报告如下。

Abstract:1病例资料患者男性,40岁,因“活动后心前区疼痛2周,加重2 d”于2008年5月5日入院。自诉2周前活动后出现心前区压榨样疼痛伴全身大汗,每次发作约3～5 min即自行缓解，无肩背部放射痛,无晕厥,无呼吸困难,近2 d胸痛加重。既往无高血压、糖尿病病史。入院查体：血压 156/80 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),肥胖体型,BMI 34.3 kg/m2,颈静脉无怒张,双肺呼吸音清,未闻及干湿啰音；心界不大,心率80次/min,律齐,各瓣膜听诊区未闻及杂音；腹膨隆,腹软,无压痛、反跳痛,双下肢无凹陷性水肿；四肢运动好,病理反射征均阴性。心电图提示：V1~V3ST段抬高0.1 mV。血常规、肾功能、血电解质及凝血功能均正常,肌钙蛋白阴性。

Abstract:1病例资料患者,男性,54 岁,1年前发现颈部正中偏左有一鸽蛋大小的肿物,随吞咽活动,无明显疼痛和压痛。1个月前在我院门诊行局部细针穿刺细胞学检查示大量巨噬细胞,给予激素及抗生素治疗后肿块无明显改变,遂收治入院拟进一步诊治。专科检查示：颈软,气管居中,颈部皮肤无红肿；颈部正中偏左可触及一大小约 2.0 cm ×1.5 cm × 1.5 cm 的肿物,质中,活动度好；双侧甲状腺无明显肿大,双侧颈部也未触及肿大的淋巴结。舌部CT示双侧舌骨带状肌不均匀增厚(图1)。电子喉镜示鼻咽部未见明显异常。全麻下行肿块切除术,术中送冰冻切片诊断。显微镜下见瘤组织主要由成片的短梭形细胞密集排列构成,间杂有胞质较丰富且红染的多角形组织细胞,有的胞质透亮或呈泡沫状,也见有多量的多核巨细胞混杂( 图2A )。冰冻切片诊断：舌骨旁组织细胞源性肿瘤。

Abstract:1病例资料病例1:患者男性，46岁，因为“发作性胸痛4年，突发意识丧失80 min”于2007年6月16日入院。2003年7月患者因为胸痛曾就诊于当地医院，诊断为急性前壁心肌梗死，并于2003年8月行冠脉造影，显示前降支开口后99％狭窄，并在前降支病变部位植入Visemed 2.5 mm×20 mm支架。2007年1月起患者出现活动后心悸、气促，超声心动图示左室舒张内径6.73 cm，左室射血分数(LVEF)0.42，动态心电图显示频发室性早搏，24 h室性早搏14 568个，给予阿司匹林、依那普利、酒石酸美托洛尔(倍他乐克)、胺碘酮、地高辛等口服，患者病情稳定。2007年6月16日早晨8:20患者被人发现突然倒地，呼之不应，当地120院前持续胸外按压至急诊科，心电监护显示尖端扭转性室性心动过速及持续性多形性室性心动过速，经200～360 J能量电除颤及电复律5次、气管插管、肾上腺素、利多卡因、胺碘酮等处理后，于8:45左右恢复自主心律、呼吸，之后转入心内科病房。入院查体:HR 105次/min，双肺呼吸音粗，可闻及大量干湿啰音，心律齐，心音低钝。入院诊断:(1)心跳骤停，心肺复苏术后；(2)冠心病，陈旧性前壁心肌梗死，冠脉支架术后，频发室性早搏，持续性多形性室性心动过速，急性肺水肿；(3)肺部感染。转入病房后给予进一步复苏，患者出现烦躁，呼吸困难，咳粉红色泡沫痰，给予速尿、吗啡、地塞米松等药物处理后，呼吸困难症状减轻。14:10起患者反复出现室速，心室率180～250次/min，每次均经200 J能量同步电复律转为窦性心律，共复律40余次。期间给予25％硫酸镁10 ml静脉注射、胺碘酮75 mg静脉注射、胺碘酮1 mg/min持续静脉注射。21:05患者最后一次室速转为窦性心律后，未再出现室速。转复后患者心率偏慢，为46次/min，加用茶碱缓释片100 mg，每日1次，口服，同时给予其他高级复苏处理。2007年7月4日患者病情稳定后出院。院外患者长期服用阿司匹林、硝酸异山梨酯缓释片、茶碱缓释片、依那普利。2009年3月患者再次院外心脏骤停抢救无效死亡。