Abstract:Tropical medicine is defined by an association with geographic location, and it is a branch of medicine integrating preclinical medicine, clinical medicine and preventive medicine and investigating the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of tropical and subtropical zones. Military tropical medicine is a new interdiscipline based on tropical medicine and military medicine. With the improvement of health condition and the development of global economy, some tropical infectious diseases have been gradually controlled. However, factors such as increasingly frequent international communication and extreme changes in global climate induced by overproduction activity of human are leading to a redistribution of infectious diseases, which inevitably has impact on military strategies and tactics. This article reviews the past and prospect of military tropical medicine.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the effect of adventitia injury on atherosclerosis(AS)development, norepinephrine content, and sympathetic nerve density in the carotid artery of rabbits, so as to analyze the effect of Tongxinluo(TXL) on AS and the possible mechanism. Methods Totally 96 male rabbits with left carotid adventitia removed were fed with high cholesterol diet and were divided into two groups randomly:one group was lavaged with TXL (TXL group) and the other with water (adventitia injury group). In each group the adventitia of left cervical artery was injured and the right one served as control. The bilateral carotid artery specimens and blood samples were collected 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, 2 w, 4 w, and 8 w after the operation．The norepinephrine contents in serum and carotid artery were determined by ELISA and the density of the sympathetic nerve was analyzed by immnohistochemical method. Results In the adventitia injury group adventitia injury aggravated AS in the left carotid artery compared with that in the right carotid artery; the area of atherosclerotic plaque was positively correlated with the nerve density(r=0.94，P<0.05)and local norepinephrine content in the artery (r=0.90，P<0.05). TXL significantly decreased the area of atherosclerotic plaque compared to the advetitia injury group (IMR\[48±2\]% vs \[70±3\]%,P<0.01); besides, it also decreased the level of norepinephrine in the artery(\[83.76±3.3\] ng/g vs \[74.25±2.1\] ng/g, P<0.05)and the density of the sympathetic nerve(P<0.05). Conclusion Adventitia injury can promote the development of AS in high-cholesterol fed animals, partially through promoting the disorder of local sympathetic function, and TXL can inhibit the adventitia injury-induced AS.

Abstract:Objective To establish a loopmediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for rapid detection of the West Nile virus (WNV). Methods WNV genome (position nt 1 021 to nt 1 240) was synthesized by a PCRbased gene synthesis method. The synthetic fragments included 6 pairs of LAMP primer recognizing 8 primer sites of WNV genome. The LAMP gene amplification was carried out using a realtime PCR system at 63℃ for 60 min, then the amplification was terminated at 80℃ after 2 min. The amplification products were observed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The sensitivity and specificity of LAMP assay were compared with those of conventional PCR. Results The LAMP assay took less than 20 min, and the amplification product took on a ladderlike electrophoresis pattern. The sensitivity of LAMP assay was 10fold higher than that of conventional PCR, and the detection limit of LAMP was 9.23 copies/μl. The specificity of WNVspecific LAMP assay was demonstrated by the negative amplification results from dengue virus and Japanese encephalitis virus, both were closely related members of the Flavivirus family. Conclusion LAMP assay is rapid,costeffective, highly sensitive and specific in detecting genes of interest,and is of great significance for WNV surveillance,especially for grass root units and onsport surveillance.

Abstract:Objective To explore the influence of adenovirus carrying Galectin9 gene on the survival of cardiac transplant and the differentiation and proliferation of CD4+CD25+Treg cells in mice receiving heterotopic heart transplantation.Methods Neck heterotopic heart transplantation models were established with male BALB/c→C57BL/6 mice by Cuff method, and they were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=10): control group (received 0.9% sodium chloride solution after operation), adenovirus group, and pAdeasyTM Galectin9 treatment group. The survival time of the graft hearts was recorded. The spleens of mice were collected when the graft hearts stopped beating or 14 days after operation; the mononuclear cells were isolated and the proportion of CD4+CD25+ Treg cells was determined by flow cytometry. Treg cell related cytokines (IL10, TGFβ1) in the peripheral blood were assayed by ELISA.Results The cardiac allografts in pAdeasyTM Galectin9 group survived significantly longer than those in the other two groups (P<0.01), and the proportion of CD4+CD25+ Treg cells in CD4 + T cells was significantly higher(P<0.01). The levels of IL10 and TGFβ1 were increased in pAdeasyTM Galectin9 group compared with control group and adenovirus group(P<0.01).Conclusion pAdeasyTM Galectin9 can promote the proliferation and differentiation of CD4+CD25+ Treg cells in vivo, and can greatly improve the survival time of cardiac allograft after heart transplantation in mice.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of IFD6 on biofilmforming ability of C. albicans. Methods We constructed an IFD6overexpressing plasmid and inserted IFD6 intact open reading frame(ORF) under the control of the MET3 promoter in pCaEXP plasmid, which was then used to transform C. albicans CAI4 by lithium acetate method. PCR was used to investigate the in situ integration of IFD6 gene and realtime PCR was used to select strains highly expressing IFD6 gene. XTT assay and confocal scanning laser microscopy were used to investigate the changes of biofilmforming ability before and after IFD6 overexpression. We also investigated the changes of cell surface hydrophobicity(CSH) using relative CSH assay. Results We successfully constructed IFD6overexpressing plasmid as confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing; IFD6overexpressing strain was successfully established as confirmed by PCR. Realtime PCR successfully selected a strain highly expressing IFD6 gene. The results of XTT assay and confocal scanning laser microscopy both showed that IFD6overexpressing strain had an enhanced biofilm forming ability and an increased cell surface hydrophobicity. Conclusion Overexpression of IFD6 can enhance the biofilm forming ability of C. albicans by increasing CSH.

Abstract:[Abstract] Objective Retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics, potential risk factors and precautions of acute postoperative subcutaneous hematoma. Methods A retrospective analysis was done on 1522 cases ,who accepted anterior cervical surgery between Dec 2004 to Dec 2008. 25 cases developed postoperative subcutaneous hematoma after the operation, including 17 males and 8 female, with an average age of 67.7 years (range, 41～76 years). The secondary surgery was performed if conservative treatments were ineffective. Results 25 cases(1.64%) developed hematoma 3～18.4h (mean±SD, 7.7±3.2h) after the operation. In these patients, 6 cases who adopted conservative treatment received a better therapeutic effect, without further deterioration of the symptoms. Neurological function according to the JOA classification recovered from 11.5±1.9 preoperative to 12.5±1.8 postoperative, 14.2±1.0 two months postoperative. In 19 cases who suffered surgical evacuation, the clinical symptoms were markedly improved, except for 1 case of death. JOA score increased from 10.1±2.9 at admission to 11.3±2.4 at discharge, 13.2±2.6 two months postoperative. Conclusion The acute subcutaneous hematoma has a rapid progress, but does not lead to deterioration of neurological function. Conservative treatment may be effective in partial patients. The secondary surgery, the main treatment of the acute postoperative subcutaneous hematoma, should be done without hesitation if conservative treatments has no effect. It seems that the secondary surgery has no adverse effect on neurological function

Abstract:ObjectiveTo study the protective effect of two thiazolidinediones (TZDs), rosiglitazone and pioglitazoneon, on the apoptosis of pancreatic islet beta-cells. MethodsMale Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats (a spontaneously diabetic animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus) and non-diabetic Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: Wistar group (W group, n=13),GK rats fed with rosiglitazone (R group, n=10), GK rats fed with pioglitazone (P group, n=10) and GK non-treated rats(G group, n=10). Rats in R group were given rosiglitazone (2 mg·kg-1·d-1) by gavage for 6 weeks; those in A group were given pioglitazone (3 mg·kg-1·d-1) by gavage for 6 weeks. The pancreatic specimens were obtained and treated for light microscope and transmission electron microscope. Bcl-2, Bax protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry. The apoptosis of pancreatic islet beta-cell was examined by TUNEL. ResultsThe β-cells in G group showed signs of early apoptosis: nuclei shrinkage, disappearing nucleoli, and chromatin aggregation to nuclear membrane, and the changes were not observed in the other three groups. Bcl-2 expression was significantly higher in R group and P group than in G group (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference between the W group and G group. Bax expression was significantly lower in R group, P group, and W group than in G group (P<0.05), and there was no difference between the R group and P group. ConclusionIncreased β-cells apoptosis does exist in GK rat pancreatic islets, which may contribute to the development of diabetes. Rosiglitazone and pioglitazone can prevent β-cell from apoptosis, which might be related to the changes of Bcl-2 and Bax expression.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo use MRI method for continuous observation of the protective effect of uridine 5’-triphosphate (UTP) against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. MethodsThe cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. UTP solution was delivered through an indwelling tail venous catheter via microinfusion pump 30 min after MCAO at a rate of 5 ml·kg-1·min-1. Neurological deficit score (NDS) and brain water content were determined 24 h after reperfusion. The infarction volume was determined by 2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and MRI at 6, 30, and 54 h after reperfusion. ResultsThe NDS scores in 10, 30, and 90 μg/kg UTP groups were significantly lower than that in the saline control group(P<0.01); the water contents in the right cerebral hemisphere of 10, 30, and 90 μg/kg UTP groups were significantly less than that in the normal saline group(P<0.01). The cerebral infarction volume was gradually decreased with the increase of UTP dose, and the proportions of infarction volumes in 10, 30, and 90 μg/kg UTP groups were significantly decreased compared with the saline control group(P<0.01). The infarction volumes at 6, 30, and 54 h after reperfusion in 90 μg/kg UTP group were significantly lower than those in the saline control group(P<0.01). ConclusionUTP has a protective effect on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats; it can greatly reduce the volume of cerebral infarction.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo observe the changes of motion sickness incidences under normal temperature (NT), high environmental temperature(HT), and high environmental temperature/humidity (HTHH), so as to study the influence of high environmental temperature/humidity on the onset of motion sickness. MethodsA total of 459 male students in a university, aged 18-23 years and with normal physical condition/ability, were subjected for Coriolis acceleration test under the condition of 20℃/55%RH (NT), 38℃/55%RH (HT), and 38℃/80%RH (HTHH); then the motion sickness severity was evaluated using Graybiel scale. ResultsThe motion sickness incidences of NT, HT, and HTHH groups were 47.93%, 68.94%, and 100%, and Graybiel scores were (2.07±3.12), (6.06±5.45) and (11.87±3.42), respectively, with the latter significantly higher than those of the former two for Graybiel scores (P＜0.000 1). The severity scales of motion sickness were also significantly different between the three groups (P＜0.000 1).ConclusionHigh environmental temperature and humidity can accelerate the onset of motion sickness and aggravate the symptoms of motion sickness.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical features and diagnosis of hepatic angiomyolipoma patients, and to investigate its treatment strategy. MethodsThe clinical data of 79 patients with pathologically-confirmed hepatic angiomyolipoma, who were treated in the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital during 1992-2006, were retrospectively reviewed. ResultsThe patients included 58 women and 21 men with a median age of (43±8.14) years old (ranging 17 to 69 years). None of the patients was found complicated with renal angiomyolipoma or tuberous sclerosis complex. Twenty-five patients were symptomatic on presentation. All the patients had a single hepatic lesion, with the tumor size ranging 1.0-25 cm and a median of (6.1±4.08) cm. Fifty-three tumors were located in the right lobe, 22 in the left lobe, and 4 in the caudate lobe. Preoperative diagnoses were correctly made in 41 (52%) patients. Spontaneous rupture of tumor occurred in 1 patient. All the patients underwent surgical treatment without operative mortality and serious morbidity. The patients were regularly followed-up for 3-13 years. Tumor recurrence occurred in one patient 6 years after the surgery, and the patient died 1 year later. ConclusionHepatic angiomyolipoma has no specific clinical signs and symptoms. Comprehensive imaging studies can help to make correct diagnosis, but the differential diagnosis is difficult, especially for small tumors with diameter less than 5 cm. The final diagnosis depends on pathologic examination and HMB-45 special staining. Surgical resection is safe and effective for the disease. Attention should be paid to the potential of malignant transformation and risk of rupture as a life-threatening complication. Early operation is needed once a diagnosis is made, and the patients should be followed up after operation.

Abstract:bjectiveTo use dual source computed tomography (DSCT) for assessment of left atrial appendage volume and function, and to compare the results with those of cardiac cine MR (CMR). MethodsSixty-two patients who received computed tomography angiography (CTA) during March 2008 to Feb. 2009 were included in the present study. The DSCT data sets (Somatom Definition, Siemens Medical Solutions, Forchheim, Germany) and FIESTA (fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition) cines (Signa Excite HD 3T, GE) of the vertical long axis covering the left atrium were obtained on the same day. The images were analyzed to obtain LAAVmax, LAAVmin and LAAEF using Vitrea Heart Function software and Report Card 2.0 software, for DSCT and CMR. Intermodality agreement between DSCT and CMR was tested using linear regression and t test. Interobserver variability was tested by Bland-Altman analyses. ResultsThe DSCT and CMR measurements of the left atrial appendage volume and function were not significantly different, and the measurements of the two methods were well correlated with each other, with the coefficient of LAAVmax, LAAVmin, and LAAEF(%) being 0.85, 0.86, and 0.76, respectively. However, compared with CMR, DSCT showed a tendency of overestimating LAAVmax, LAAVmin and underestimating LAAEF. The interobserver variability of DSCT measurements was lower than that of CMR measurements. ConclusionDSCT is accurate in assessing the left atrial appendage volume and function of patients referred for coronary CT imaging, and the results are reproducible.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the histopathologic features of rim enhancement MRI of breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC). Methods Routine and dynamic contrast enhanced MRI was used to examine 65 patients with breast lumps. Thirty of the 65 patients who were pathologically confirmed to have breast IDC were included in the present study. The manifestations of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI and the histopathologic parameters of the masses (the size of cancer nest, stroma type, microvessel density and degree of fibrosis) were observed. And the relationship of MR findings with the above-mentioned histopathologic features was analyzed. Results Peripheral rim enhancement was obvious in IDC and a type-Ⅲ(wash-out) time/signal intensity course was the dominant type (17/30,56.7%). The average enhancement rate during the first post-contrast minute(ΔSI1%)was higher than 75% in IDC. The 30 IDCs fell into small (13,43%), medium(12, 40%), and large(5,17%) groups according to the size of cancer nest; and into delicate(5,17%), narrow(16,53%), and broad(9,30%) groups according to the cancer stroma type. Early rim enhancement was associated with a small cancer nest (P<0.05), a high ratio of peripheral-to-central microvessel density,and a low ratio of peripheral-to-central fibrosis (P<0.01). Delayed rim enhancement was significantly associated with narrow stroma (P<0.05). Conclusion Rim enhancement and washout sign on contrast-enhanced MR imaging of the breast IDC are associated not only with angiogenesis, but also with various histological features of the cancinoma,including the size of cancer nests, width of stroma, and degree of fibrosis.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo analyze the correlation of carotid artery color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) indices and transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) indices.MethodsThe clinical data of 118 hospitalized patients with ischemic cerebrovascular diseases were included in the present study and all of them received CDFI and TCD examination. The patients were divided into two groups according to presence of carotid plaque group; t-test was used to identify the correlation between the presence of carotid plaque and TCD indices. Meanwhile, the patients were also divided into three groups according to the quantity/distribution of plaque; one-way ANOVA(F-test) and student-Newman-Keuls were used to identify the correlation of the quantity/distribution of plaque with TCD indices. The patients with carotid plaque were divided into three groups according to the plaque texture; one-way ANOVA(F-test) and student-Newman-Keuls were used to identify the correlation of the quality of plaque with TCD indices. Meanwhile, linear correlation was used to identify the correlation of the common carotid intimal-medial thickness(CCA IMT) with TCD indices.ResultsThe resistance index (RI), pulsatile index (PI) and ratio of peak systolic to least diastolic flow velocity (S/D) of bilateral middle cerebral arteries and basal artery in patients with carotid plaque were significantly higher than those in patients without carotid plaque（P＜0.05）; other TCD indices including Vp, Vd, and Vm were not significantly different. The quantity/distribution of plaque, the quality of plaque and CCA IMT were not correlated with TCD indices. ConclusionNo CDFI indices, except for the presence of carotid plaque, are correlated with TCD indices. Combined application of CDFI and TCD indices can better reflect the structure and hemodynamic status of cerebral vessels.

Abstract:Objective To study the influence of pre-operative disease course on the operation and post-operation quality of life of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods A total of 110 AIS patients who were treated with classic posterior correction, pedicle internal fixation were divided into two groups according to their disease courses (n=55): short course group with a pre-operation course <2 years(S group), long course group with a pre-operation course ≥2 years(L group). The gender, Lenke type, and major curve Cobb angle were matchable between the two groups. Various radiographic measurements and indices like fusion level, intraoperative blood loss and scores of SRS-22 scale were compared between the two groups before operation, immediately, and 2 years after operation. Results The pre-operative Cobb angles of the major curve were similar between the two groups, but the flexibility of the major curve averaged (55.7±18.77)% in the S group and (48.1±18.24)% in the L group (P=0.034). Pre-operative Cobb angles of the minor curve were larger in L group than those in S group (\[30.1±12.10\]° in the S group and \[34.8±10.85\]° in the L group, P=0.035). The post-operative radiographic measurements and the blood loss/infusion were similar between the two groups. The number of fused vertebrae in the L group was significantly more than that in the S group (P=0.027). The parameters in the SRS-22 scale, including function/activity, pain, self-image/appearance, and mental health were similar between the two groups during follow-up. And the L group had a significantly lower satisfaction rate of treatment compared with the S group (\[4.0±0.70\] vs \[3.7±0.78\], P=0.037). Conclusion The flexibility of the curve in AIS decreases with the increase of disease course, and the disease course might be a risk factor for the scoliosis progression of the minor side. Patients with a disease course ≥2 years have more fused vertebrae than those with a disease course <2 years. The length of pre-operative disease course has influence on the quality of life of AIS patients after operation.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility of nephrectomy via combined transgastric and transvesical approach in a porcine model, and to summarize our experience.MethodsThree female pigs were used in this study. The transvesical access was established using ureteroscope. The vesical hole was enlarged with the dilator of ureteroscope sheath and a self-designed Trocar was inserted. The gastroscope was inserted through a hole on gastric wall, which was made using a needle knife and dilator under ureteroscopy. The ultrasound knife, scissor and clips were introduced via the Trocar, and the nephrectomy was completed under the guidance of gastroscope. ResultsThe six kidneys of the three pigs were successfully resected, with the operation time being (132±10.5) min, without noticeable hemorrhage or complications. Mild hemorrhage occurred after ultrasonic ligation in the first nephrectomy, and was managed by clips. Clips were used to block the vessels before resection for the remaining five kidneys.ConclusionOur method via combined approach is technically feasible for nephrectomy in a porcine model, but the kidneys have not been taken out and the puncture wounds on the bladder and gastric wall have not been closed, so further study is still needed.

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Abstract:ObjectiveTo observe the therapeutic effect of supportive plate combined with nano-artificial bone in treatment of Schaterzker Ⅱ-Ⅲ tibial plateau fracture. MethodsThirty-three patients with Schaterzker Ⅱ-Ⅲ tibial plateau fracture were treated with supportive plate combined with nano-artificial bone (Shanghai Rebone Biomaterials Co., Ltd). All the patients received X-ray film, CT scan and 3D reconstruction to accurately detect the degree of fracture collapse and the direction of bone chips before operation. If the fracture collapse of tibial plateau was more than 3 mm and there was no degeneration of the joint, the patients could be treated with supportive plate combined with nano-artificial bone. ResultsThe postoperation X-ray films showed that all patients achieved complete or nearly anatomic reduction, except that one patient with severe Schaterzker Ⅲ comminuted fracture had height loss 8 months after operation and the result of plateau repair was not satisfactory. The patients were followed up for 6 months to 2.5 years (a mean of \[1.5±0.6\] years) and 28 (85.7％) patients maintained in complete or nearly anatomic reduction. Twenty-nine (87.9%)patients obtained good to excellent knee fucntion according to the Merchan Knee Functional Score. ConclusionSupportive plate combined with nano-artificial bone is a safe and effective treatment for Schaterzker Ⅱ-Ⅲ tibial plateau fracture, and it can avoid reduction loss and improve the long term outcomes of patients. Nano-artificial bone as a bone graft material has a bright future in clinic.

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Abstract:ObjectiveTo observe the effect of low-dose aspirin on allogeneic chronic allograft nephropathy in renal recipient rats and the possible mechanisms.MethodsChronic allograft nephropathy model of rats were established and the recipient rats were randomly divided into 2 groups with 10 in each group. Cyclosporine A (5 mg/kg) was administered as a basic treatment one day before surgery to prevent and treat acute rejection. Aspirin therapy group was given oral aspirin (5 mg/kg) daily, and control group were given oral saline 2 ml/d. Animals were sacrificed 8 weeks after operation and the serum creatinine, urea nitrogen levels were determined. Renal histomorphology and immunohistochemistry approaches were used to examine TGF-β1 expression.ResultsThe severity of pathological lesion, increase of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, and expression of fibrosis associated factor TGF-β1 in aspirin therapy group were significantly slighter than those of the saline control group(P<0.05). ConclusionLow-dose aspirin in addition to routine anti-rejection treatment can be used for treatment of chronic allograft nephropathy in rats, which might be associated with the decreased expression of anticoagulation factor TGF-β1.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the role of SHP1 gene in inducing apoptosis and erythroid differentiation in human erythromyeloblastoid leukemia cell line K562. Methods The full length cDNA of SHP1 gene was cloned by RT-PCR and was subcloned into mammalian expression vector pcDNA3.0. The cDNA sequence of the cloned gene was validated by enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing. Then the recombinant plasmid was used to transfect K562 cells via lipofectin. The apoptosis of K562 cells was examined by Hoechst 33258 staining assay and Annexin Ⅴ/PI double-labeled assay; the differentiation of K562 cells was observed by benzidine staining and expression of glycophorin A (GPA). Results RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis showed expression of SHP1 in K562 cells after transfection with pcDAN3-SHP1 plasmid. Apoptotic cells were detected in the K562 cells 48 h after treatment with pcDNA3-SHP1, with the apoptosis rate being 16.84%, which was significantly higher than that in cells transfected with pcDNA3.0 (6.23%, P=0.000). The positive rate of benzidine staining was 14.67% and the positive rate of GPA expression was 19.38% in cells treated with pcNDA3-SHP1, both were significantly different from those in the cells transfected with pcDNA3.0 (P=0.005). Conclusion Over-expression of SHP1 can effectively induce apoptosis and erythroid differentiation in K562 cells.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo reflect the international studies on “AIDS epidemic in China” over the last decade by a bibliometric analysis. MethodsThe relevant literatures were searched in Web of Science citation database by a retrieval strategy composed of “China” and AIDS-related nouns, and then the literatures were analyzed by SPSS, Metalab, and Excel concerning the numbers of literature, the countries and institutions involved in the research, the research contents, and the effectiveness of cooperation. ResultsThe literatures about AIDS in China grew rapidly in logical curve over the past decade, and currently the literature was at a turning point and the increment of literature almost reached the peak. China and the US were the two major sources of the literature. The literatures mainly focused on medicine, public health, and social sciences. The researches of core author mainly focused on high-risk areas and high-risk groups, and most of them had tried to find feasible intervention mode to effectively prevent AIDS epidemic. We also found that the literatures with an international cooperation background had a higher impact factor and citation than those without. ConclusionChina’s AIDS problem has attracted widespread concern and attention from researchers home and abroad, and it will continue to attract increasing attention in the future. The concerns of many researchers are concentrated, with clear-cut focuses. In addition, international cooperation and institutional cooperation can greatly increase the literature influence.

Abstract:Objective To perform a bibliometric analysis of papers published by Second Military Medical University in journals covered by Science Citation Index (expanded) (SCIE) during 1994-2009, so as to provide evidence for decision making in scientific research adminstration. Methods The papers published in journals covered by SCIE authored by researchers of Second Military Medical University in 1994-2009 were retrieved and analyzed; the impact factor(IF) of 2008 published by Institute for Scientific Information（ISI）was used in the present study. Results A total of 3,539 papers were retrieved from 926 journals. Original article accounted for 83% of the total; those with an IF lower than 5 accounted for 77% and those with an IF higher than 10 accounted for 3.3%. There were 206 papers which had been cited for more than 20 times; the most active subject was immunology; and the closest cooperation in publication was with Shanghai Jiaotong University. Conclusion This study introduces the publication of scientific papers published by Second Military Medical University and their citations from a bibliometric perspective, which provides a quantitative reference for the scientific administration department and the researchers.

Abstract:Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is common clinical spinal disorders often occurring in the cervical spine, with the main symptom being nerve compression. The specific mechanism of OPLL remains unclear, but genetic factors, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), mechanical stimulation, metabolism abnormality might be involved in the etiology of the disease. Multiple genetic and environmental factors may contribute to the development of OPLL. OPLL has prominent genetic characteristic, and it is associated with SNPs of several genes. Here we review the SNPs of several genes (COL11A2, BMP-2, TGF-β1, TGF-β3, NPPS, COL6A1 and Runx2) which contribute to the development of OPLL, hoping to lay a foundation for future study.

Abstract:mple evidences have showed that the failure of early regeneration of the central nervous system(CNS) in adult mammals is mainly due to the growth inhibitory factor. Efforts have been made to promote neuron regeneration and neurological function recovery by damaging myelin and removing myelin-associated inhibitors. At present, the Nogo protein associated drugs and gene therapy have become a novel effective way to promote axon regeneration after CNS injury; here we reviews the recent progress on the related issues.

Abstract:The differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ascites is of great significance in clinic; the early diagnosis of malignant ascites is especially difficult. Definite diagnosis is usually based on conventional cytology to find cancer cells in the ascites in clinic, but the rate of missed diagnosis is high, and the negative outcome cannot exclude the presence of tumors. Currently, many new laboratory methods and indicators have been used clinically and have demonstrated primary efficiency in providing evidences for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ascites.This article reviews the progress in laboratory indicators for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ascites.

Abstract:目的观察神经干细胞(NSCs)移植对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠脑组织胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和炎症因子(IL-1β、TNF-α)表达的影响，探讨其可能的作用机制。方法大鼠随机分为脑组织缺血再灌注损伤模型组(MCAO组)和神经干细胞移植组(MCAO+NSCs组)，每组16只，干细胞移植后进行神经功能损害评分(NSS)，采用蛋白质免疫印迹法和免疫组织化学法检测脑组织GFAP表达，蛋白质免疫印迹法检测脑组织IL-1β、TNF-α的表达。结果移植后2周、4周神经功能评分显示MCAO+NSCs组显著优于MCAO组(P<0.05)；MCAO+NSCs组Nestin、Brdu阳性细胞数多于MCAO组(P<0.05)，GFAP阳性细胞数显著少于MCAO组(P<0.05)；MCAO+NSCs组IL-1β、TNF-α表达水平显著低于MCAO组(P<0.05)。结论NSCs移植可能通过抑制脑组织星形胶质细胞的激活、降低脑内炎症反应对大鼠缺血再灌注损伤脑组织发挥保护作用。

Abstract:目的观察己酮可可碱(PTX)对体外培养的人卵巢癌细胞增殖及其AnnexinⅡ、NF-κB p65蛋白表达的影响。方法不同浓度PTX作用于人卵巢癌细胞HO-8910PM,采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测其对HO-8910PM增殖的影响; 采用免疫细胞化学方法检测PTX作用前后HO-8910PM细胞AnnexinⅡ、NF-κB p65蛋白表达的变化。结果MTT结果显示: 不同浓度PTX(0.25 ~2.0 mg/ml)作用于HO-8910PM细胞12、24、48、72 h,均可不同程度抑制细胞增殖,同一时间段各浓度PTX作用组与空白对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),各浓度PTX作用组组内两两相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PTX同一浓度组各时间点两两相比细胞增殖抑制率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。免疫细胞化学显示: 以不同浓度的PTX(0.5~2.0 mg/ml)作用HO-8910PM细胞24、48、72 h后,AnnexinⅡ蛋白较空白对照组有所降低; 同一时间段内AnnexinⅡ蛋白表达呈浓度依赖性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),同一剂量组AnnexinⅡ蛋白表达呈时间依赖性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同浓度PTX(0.5~2.0 mg/ml)作用于HO-8910PM细胞24、48、72 h后,NF-κB p65蛋白的表达均有所降低,也呈时间和浓度依赖性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论PTX可能通过抑制HO-8910PM卵巢癌细胞AnnexinⅡ、NF-κB p65蛋白表达而抑制其增殖。

Abstract:目的探讨腹腔镜保留肾单位手术（LNSS）治疗T1期肾癌的手术特点和临床疗效。方法回顾性分析48例行腹腔镜保留肾单位手术治疗T1期肾癌患者的临床资料。其中男性32例，女性16例，年龄43~61岁，平均(54±1.8)岁；对侧肾脏正常39例，对侧肾脏存在疾患9例；肿瘤直径1.5~4.0 cm，平均(2.3±0.6) cm；28例行后腹腔镜保留肾单位手术，20例行经腹腔途径腹腔镜保留肾单位手术。术后每3个月行腹部CT、肾脏ECT、超声及尿常规、肾功能检查。结果48例手术均顺利完成，无中转开放。手术时间65~140 min，平均(110±15) min；热缺血时间16~40 min，平均(25±4) min；出血量50~500 ml，平均(150±22) ml；术后留置引流管3~7 d，平均(5±0.6) d；术后住院8~12 d，平均(10±0.8) d。术后病理报告：肾透明细胞癌39例，乳头状肾细胞癌6例，肾嫌色细胞癌3例。术后无尿漏、继发性出血等并发症。随访10~25个月，平均(16.8±3.5)个月，5例术后1个月双肾总肾小球滤过率(GFR)出现轻度下降，术后3个月恢复正常，48例均无肿瘤局部复发或远处转移。结论腹腔镜保留肾单位手术治疗T1期肾癌安全、有效，具有较好的临床应用价值。

Abstract:目的应用在线联机分析处理(online analytical process, OLAP)探讨腰椎后路减压植骨内固定术治疗腰椎神经根损伤效果的影响因素。方法选取2007年1月至2008年6月第二军医大学长征医院61例行腰椎后路减压植骨内固定术的腰椎神经根损伤患者作为研究对象，汇总患者的临床资料，包括：基本的住院号、性别、职业、年龄、病史、症状持续时间等，建立数据仓库，在此平台上应用OLAP技术进行数据的多维分析处理，验证手术治疗效果的影响因素。结果经过分析处理发现在各项相关因素的综合作用中，神经根受压迫时间较为重要，直接影响术后治疗效果，符合临床实际。结论OLAP技术能有效处理大宗腰椎神经根损伤患者的临床资料，有利于指导临床实践。

Abstract:目的 探讨腹腔注射东莨菪碱建立大鼠谵妄模型的可行性及有效性。方法 将大鼠随机分为生理盐水对照组及东莨菪碱组,采用旷场实验观察腹腔注射药物前及注射后1 h内SD大鼠情绪及行为学变化。结果 与对照组及用药前相比,用药后东莨菪碱组大鼠周边格跑格数、垂直运动次数均显著提高(P<0.05)；旷场实验箱中央格停留时间延长,跨格数增加(P<0.05),其中以5～10 min的变化最明显；修饰次数及修饰时间减少(P<0.05)。结论 腹腔注射东莨菪碱可建立稳定的大鼠谵妄模型。

Abstract: