Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of nicotine on insulin sensitivity in rats and its relationship with PPAR-γ. MethodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats (10-11 weeks old) were randomly divided into saline group and nicotine group, and the two groups were further divided into 3 subgroups: 1 week, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks subgroups according to the time they were treated by different agents. Rats were subcutaneously injected with saline(saline group)daily or nicotine (3 mg·kg-1·d-1 , nicotine group) for 1 week, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks. The body weights of animals were recorded on a weekly basis. Insulin tolerance tests were performed at 3 weeks and 6 weeks after treatment, and the serum parameters were determined at 1 week, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks after drug administration. At the end of the experiment, fat tissue weights of different body parts were weighed, and PPAR-γ expression in the subcutaneous fat and visceral fat was detected by Western blotting analysis. ResultsThe body weight increase of rats was inhibited after nicotine treatment. Insulin sensitivity of rats was significantly enhanced 3 weeks and 6 weeks after nicotine treatment(P<0.05), serum triglyceride level was decreased significantly at 3 weeks after nicotine treatment(P<0.01), insulin sensitivity indices were increased after 6 weeks (P<0.05), and both the weight and relative weight of subcutaneous and visceral fat tissues were significantly decreased 6 weeks after nicotine treatment(P<0.01), with the visceral fat decreased more severely than that of the subcutaneous fat. PPAR-γ expressions in the subcutaneous fat and visceral fat tissues were not significantly different between saline and nicotine treated groups. ConclusionNicotine can improve insulin sensitivity in rats, which is partly due to the fact that nicotine can decrease the serum triglyceride levels and fat tissue, especially the visceral fat tissue, but has no relation with PPAR-γ protein expression in fat tissue.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of miR-203 on the proliferation and invasion of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line Eca109. MethodsDouble-stranded mimics of miR-203 were designed and transfected into Eca109 cells with Lipofectamine 2000; Eca109 cells transfected with nonsense microRNA mimics were taken as control. The proliferation ability of Eca109 cells was determined by calculating the cell population doubling time and the percentage of apoptotic cells; the invasion ability of Eca109 cells was determined by Transwell assay. ResultsIn vitro experiment showed that, compared with the control group, Eca109 cells transfected with miR-203 mimics had a significantly longer cell population doubling time (\[26.1±0.5\] h vs \[24.2±0.6\] h, P<0.01), a higher cell apoptotic rate (\[4.5±0.4\]% vs \[3.7±0.4\]%, P<0.05), and a lower cell invasion rate (\[39.2±5.8\]% vs \[49.5±6.8\]%,P<0.05). ConclusionOur data shows that miR-203 can inhibit the proliferative and invasive abilities of Eca109 cells, suggesting that miR-203 might be a potential gene therapeutic target of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo predict the B cell epitopes of tumor-associated protein EIF4G1 subtypes.MethodsThe sequences of all the protein subtypes of EIF4G1 were retrieved from NCBI protein database.Based on single parameter evaluation,including hydrophilicity,flexility,antigenicity,the B cell epitopes of the EIF4G1 protein subtypes were predicted using NPS@structure software and ABCpred software.ResultsEIF4G1 protein had five subtypes.The variation of the five different EIF4G1 subtypes was limited within a 300aa region.We identified eight epitopes locating in or near 14-19,21-27,52-61,106-112,113-139,183-189,201-216, and 217-224, which can be used to identify specific B cell epitopes of different protein subtypes.ConclusionB cell epitopes of EIF4G1 protein subtypes do exist,and they may be used for the protein subtypes evaluation and early diagnosis of tumor patients using artificially-produced matched peptides.

Abstract:Objective To examine the relationship between G72 gene locus (an important gene of NMDA receptor pathway) and schizophrenia in Chinese females. Methods We genotyped three single-nucleotide polymorphisms(rs3916965,rs3916967 and rs2391191) in G72 gene locus region in 545 Chinese females of Han ethnicity(260 schizophrenia cases and 285 healthy controls)and performed the linkage disequilibrium analysis. Results Significant association was found between two SNPs and schizophrenia (P=0.038,6 for the allele G of rs3916967 and P=0.009,6 for the allele A of rs2391191). Furthermore, three SNPs were used in multiple haplotype analysis and significant difference was found for the common haplotype GAG(P=0.002,4). Conclusion G72 gene may be a candidate susceptible gene for schizophrenia in the Chinese females of Han ethnicity. Further efforts are warranted to confirm our findings.

Abstract:Objective To amplify the ATP7B gene of Wilson disease (WD) patients by PCR and to sequence the amplification product, so as to characterize the possible mutations.Methods The genomic DNA of 41 WD patients, 10 normal controls and a WD genealogy (proband’s daughter and parents) were extracted.The fragments of exon 8 and 12 of ATP7B gene were amplified using PCR, and the PCR products were directly sequenced.Results No abnormality was found in the control group.Mutations of exon 8 were found in 11 WD patients, with 6 WD patients having Arg778Leu heterozygous mutations.Mutations of exon 12 were found in 4 WD patients, with 2 patients having Arg952Lys mutations.In the sibs of the WD patient, the proband’s daughter carried 2 heterozygous mutations: Arg778Leu mutation of exon 8 was from her father and Pro992Leu mutation of exon 13 from her mother; the proband’s parents were found as normal heterozygous carriers.Conclusion Exon 8 and 12 of ATP7B gene are prone to mutations in Chinese WD population, and the mutations of other exons, such as exon 13, also exist.

Abstract:Objective To compare the application of nucleotide drugs and the virology characteristics between patients with only N236T mutation and patients with N236T+A181T mutation in the HBV reverse transcriptase(rt) region. Methods Sera of patients with only rtN236T mutation and patients with rtN236T+rtA181T mutation were obtained from patients with chronic hepatitis B. Then the levels of sero-HBsAg, HBV DNA and ALT were determined and the HBV genotypes were analyzed. The treatment history with nucleotide drugs was retrospectively reviewed. Results The sero-HBsAg levels were not significantly different between only rtN236T mutation group and rtN236T+rtA181T mutation group (P=0.975 5), and significantly higher viral replication (P=0.001 4) and higher ALT level (P=0.003 2) were found in rtN236T+rtA181T mutation group. Moreover, compared to HBV B genotype, patients with HBV C genotype were prone to carry rtN236T+rtA181T mutation(40% vs 20.45%, P=0.023 5); also we noticed that a switch from lamivudine medication to adefovir medication was liable to induce the virus mutation. Conclusion Nucleotide drug application in HBV patients with only rtN236T mutation and rtN236T+rtA181T mutation are concurrent (lamivudine switching to adefovir). However, the HBV genotype constituents and the serum virological characteristics are different between the two types of HBV patients.

Abstract:

Abstract:Objective To explore the relationship of human telomerase mRNA component gene (hTERC) expression with the degree of cervical lesions and the infection of different genotypes of human papilloma virus(HPV). Methods The thinprep cytologic test (TCT) specimens from 34 pathologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN, including 8 CINⅠ，9 CINⅡ，17 CIN Ⅲ), 36 invasive squamous cervical carcinoma (ISCC), and 20 chronic cervicitis patients were included in the present study. HPV subtype infection was detected by channelization hybridization gene chip and hTERC expression was tested by fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH).The relationship between hTERC expression, the degree of cervical lesions and the infection with HPV was analyzed. Results The positive rates of hTERC in chronic cervicitis, CINⅠ, CINⅡ, CINⅢ, and ISCC specimens were 0.00%(0/20), 50.00%(4/8), 77.78%(7/9), 82.35%(14/17), and 97.22%(35/36), respectively. The positive rates of hTERC increased with the increase of cervical lesion degree, and there were significant differences between the three subgroups(P<0.05). The HPV infection rates were 10.00%(2/20),37.50%(3/8),66.67%(6/9),88.24%(15/17),and 9167%(33/36), respectively. The positive rates of hTERC in HPV16 type-positive, other high-risk type positive and negative/low-risk type positive groups were 90.38%(47/52), 66.67%(4/6), and 28.13%(9/32), respectively, with significant difference found between each two groups (P<0.01).Conclusion The progress of cervical lesions and HPV infection are closely related to the positive rates of hTERC. HPV16 infection is the main cause for the high-level cervical lesions, and HPV58, 33, 52 have some advantages in CIN or ISCC.

Abstract:Objective To detect the methylation status of DLEC1 promoter in the tissue and serum of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and to evaluate its clinical relevance. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from the tissues (cancer tissue and corresponding adjacent normal tissue) and sera of 71 CRC patients; serum genomic DNA was also obtained from 20 patients with benign gastrointestinal diseases and 20 healthy donors. Promoter methylation status of DLEC1 gene was detected by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP). Results The incidence of aberrant methylation of DLEC1 promoter was 45.1% (32/71) in CRC tissues, which was significantly higher than that in the adjacent normal tissues (7.1%,4/56) (P<0.001). The hypermethylation status of DLEC1 was not correlated with the clinicopathological features and CEA/CA19-9 levels of CRC patients. Moreover, DLEC1 promoter methylation was also found in 28 of 71 (39.4%) CRC serum samples and only 1 (2.5%) of the other 40 cancer-free serum samples (P<0.001); the methylation was in accordance with that in the tumor tissues. Conclusion Hypermethylation of DLEC1 promoter is frequently seen in CRC patients, suggesting it might be a promising biomarker for the early diagnosis of CRC.

Abstract:Objective To observe the expression of PUMA, P53, Bax and Bcl-2 protein in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), and to investigate the role of PUMA in tumorigenesis of PDA and its relationship with P53, Bax and Bcl-2 protein expression. Methods The expression of PUMA, P53, Bax and Bcl-2 protein was examined by immunohistochemical EnVision method in 65 PDA tissues and the corresponding adjacent tissues. Results The positive rate of PUMA protein expression was 30.8%(20/65) in the PDA tissues, which was significantly lower than that in the corresponding adjacent tissues (49.2%\[32/65\], P<0.05). The expression of PUMA protein was significantly correlated with the tumor size and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05), but not with patient’s age, sex, tumor location, differentiation degree, tumor stage or neural invasion. PUMA expression was negatively correlated with P53 and Bcl-2 expression(P=0.019,P=0.015), but was not correlated with Bax expression in PDA tissues. Conclusion Decreased PUMA protein expression is correlated with tumor size and lymph node metastasis in PDA patients, suggesting that PUMA protein might be involved in the tumorigenesis and development of PDA. Detection of PUMA protein expression may be used for predicting the prognoses of PDA patients.

Abstract:Objective To explore the relationship of plasma salusin-α level with the stability, severity, and other risks of coronary atherosclerosis. Methods The patient group included 122 hospitalized patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), whose diagnoses were confirmed by coronary angiography (CAG). The CAD group was further divided into subgroups according to the clinical types, the number of diseased coronary branches, and Gensini’s scores. Control group inlcuded 60 healthy subjects who underwent physical examination in our hospital. Salusin-α level and other general biochemical indicators were determined, and the general clinical data were obtained before CAG in all subjects. Results The peripheral blood salusin-α level in CAD patients was significantly lower than that in the controls(\[0.50±0.18\] ng/ml vs \[0.69±0.23 ng/ml\], P＜0.01), and that in the acute coronary syndrome patients was significantly lower than that in the stable angina pectoris patients (\[0.46±0.17\] ng/ml vs \[0.56±0.19\] ng/ml,P＜0.01).Salusin-α levels were not significantly different between patients with different Gensini’s scores or between patients with 1, 2 and 3 diseased branches. Conclusion Peripheral blood salusin-α level might be associated with stability of the CAD, but not with the severity of coronary atherosclerosis.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the correlation of the statuses of different lumpectomy margins and the expression of estrogen receptor(ER), progestogen receptor (PR) and HER-2 in breast conserving surgery, so as to explore the suitable width for negative margin in different approximate molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Methods A total of 80 patients who met the standard of breast conserving therapy were included in our study.The width of the surgical margin was 2 cm.Modified radical mastectomy was performed when the intraoperative frozen section examination showed positive margins.Margins of different widths (5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm, and 20 mm) at six directions (superior, inferior, left, right, anterior, and posterior) were examined pathologically after operation.The patients were divided into four approximate molecular subtypes according to the immunohistochemical examination of ER, PR and HER-2.The widths of negative margins in the four subtypes were analyzed statistically to select the suitable width of surgical margin for different subtypes. Results The negative rates of 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm, and 20 mm margin widths were 51.25%, 81.25%, 97.50% and 98.75%, respectively. The negative rates for 15 mm, 20 mm margins were significantly higher than those for 5 mm, 10 mm margins (P<0.05).The negative rate was 97.4% on the width of 10 mm in Luminal-A, significantly higher than that on the width of 5 mm(P<0.05) and not significantly different from that on the width of 15 mm.The negative rate was 100% on the width of 15 mm in patients with triple negative breast cancer, significantly higher than that on the width of 10 mm(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the negative rates between different widths in both Luminal-B and HER-2+ groups. Conclusion The widths of negative surgical margins are different for different subtypes: 10 mm might be suitable for margin width of Luminal-A and 15 mm for that of triple negative breast cancer.As for Luminal-B and HER-2+ types, 20 mm or even wider margins might be suitable.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the outcomes of surgical treatment of obstructive jaundice induced by biliary invasion in patients with gallbladder carcinoma. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 48 patients with gallbladder cancer and biliary invasion-induced obstructive jaundice, who were treated in our hospital during January 2004 to December 2008. Results Thirty-six patients who received surgical treatment had a median survival time of (17.39±3.98) months, and 12 patients received non-surgical treatment had a median survival time (3.75±0.51) months, with significant difference found between the two groups (P<0.01). Fifteen patients underwent radical resection, 7 underwent R1 resection, and 14 underwent R2 resection, with their median survival time being (30.93±7.42) months, (13.57±6.70) months, and (5.00±0.67) months, respectively; there were significant difference between the three groups (P<0.01).Conclusion The prognosis of gallbladder cancer with obstructive jaundice is poor; surgical treatment can partly improve the prognosis of patients with obstructive jaundice-induced by gallbladder invasion. Radical curative resection, sometime with cholecystectomy, partial hepatectomy, or bile duct resection, should be performed for these patients.

Abstract:Objective To explore the location, treatment outcome, and survival of multiple primary cancer(MPC) patients with laryngeal carcinoma as the initial lesion, so as to improve the diagnosis and treatment of these patients. Methods Totally the clinical data of 42 MPC patients with laryngeal carcinoma as the initial lesion were retrospectively analyzed. The factors influencing the clinical outcomes were discussed and the diagnosis and treatment experience was summarized. Results Twenty-two cases (52.4%) had MPCs in the head and neck regions and 20 (47.6%) in the remote organs. The total 3- and 5-year survival rates were 47.6% and 26.2%, respectively. For patients receiving active therapies, the 3- and 5-year survival rates were 56.3% and 34.4%, respectively, which were significantly higher than for those receiving no therapies (20.0% and 0, P<0.01). The total 3- and 5-year survival rates were not significantly different between the MPCs in the head and neck regions and in the remote organs (P>0.05). The incidence of head and neck MPCs in patients receiving radiotherapy was 77.3%, which was significantly higher than that of the patients receiving no radiotherapy(P<0.01). The treatment methods of esophageal carcinoma had no noticeable influence on the prognosis of MPC patients. Conclusion Lung carcinoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma are the most common secondary primary cancer in laryngeal carcinoma patients with MPCs. Patients receiving radiotherapy are likely to have more MPCs in the head and neck regions; prompt treatment of secondary primary cancer can improve the survival of laryngeal carcinomas patients with MPCs.

Abstract:Objective To search for new isoflavones with more potent antitumor activities from the target compounds synthesized by inserting a double bond or an acetylene bond between chromone and its 3-substituted phenyl, ester and hydroxymethyl groups, or by formation of an amide of 3’ or 4’-amino group of isoflavones with norcantharidin. Methods The key intermediate 3-iodo-7-methoxyl-4H-chromen-4-one (5) was prepared with 2-hydroxyl-4-methoxyl-acetophenone and ethyl formate. The target compounds with 3-substituted double bond or acetylene groups were synthesized by Heck coupling and Sonogashira coupling reaction; the amide compounds were synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction and amide formation of 3’ or 4’-amino group of isoflavones with norcantharidin. All of the target compounds were confirmed by 1HNMR, MS and IR spectra. The IC50 values of target compounds were determined by the standard method using two kinds of human tumor cell lines, colon cancer cell line HCT116 and liver cancer cell line SMMC 7721 to study their anti-tumor activities. Results All the 17 target compounds obtained had certain anti-tumor effect in vitro, with compounds 7b and 7e showing better anti-tumor effects, which were similar to that of control curcumin and more potent than that of genistein in vitro. Conclusion The insertion of a double bond or an acetylene bond between chromone and its 3-substituted phenyl, ester and hydroxymethyl groups may promote the anti-tumor activities of isoflavone analogues. It seems that the formation of an amide of 3’- or 4’-amino group of isoflavones with norcantharidin has no noticeable promotion effect on the anti-tumor activities.

Abstract:Objective To establish a HPLC method for in vivo determination of gallic acid (GA) and protocatechuic acid (PA) in rat plasma, and to study the effect of Sandalwood on the pharmacokinetics of GA and PA. Methods SD rats were given the water extracts of Choerospondiatis fruit or Choerospondiatis fruit and Sandalwood. The pharmacokinetic parameters of GA and PA were calculated by DAS2.0 software at different time points after an oral ration of the above extracts. Results The pharmacokinetic parameters after oral administration of Choerospondiatis fruit extract were as follows:GA: Cmax:(0.112±0.008) mg·L-1, CL/F: (0.132±0.016) L·min-1·kg-1, t1/2β: (69.3±0) min, Tmax: (45.0±0) min; PA: Cmax: (0.550±0.028) mg·L-1, Tmax: (52.0±0) min, t1/2β: (60.7±1.1) min; CL/F: (0.078±0.011) L·min-1·kg-1. The pharmacokinetic parameters after oral ration of Choerospondiatis fruit-Sandalwood extract were as follows: GA: Cmax: (0.187±0.010) mg·L-1, CL/F: (0.094±0.017) L·min-1·kg-1, t1/2β:(69.3±3.3) min, Tmax: (30.0±0) min; PA: Cmax: (1.080±0.066) mg·L-1, Tmax: (45.0±0) min, t1/2β: (69.3±0.2) min, CL/F:(0.011±0.001) L·min-1·kg-1. Conclusion Oral ration of Choerospondiatis fruit-Sandalwood extract results in earlier plasma peaks of PA and GA, lower clearance rate, and longer half life, indicating Sandalwood can promote the absorption of phenolic compounds in Choerospondiatis fruit.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of in vitro release models of injectable implants. MethodsAn RP-HPLC method was established for determination of norfloxacin (NF). The in vitro release profiles of injectable implants in four release models, including direct injection model, one-way cylinder, dialysis tube and home-made cylinder, were studied and compared with the in vivo release profiles. ResultsThe in vivo release of NF from injectable implants was much faster than the in vitro release of NF. The in vivo release was close to the zero-order release kinetics in the sustained release phase (1-20 d, r=0.993 5), while the in vitro release could be divided into slow phase and fast phase with 15 d as the turning point. Of the four in vitro release models, home-made cylinder showed the closest initial release to the initial release of NF in vivo. ConclusionAll the above four release models have limitations; they can not well reflect the in vivo release profiles of injectable implants; and further studies are needed for the in vitro release model of injectable implants.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate and eliminate the potential bias between data obtained from dry and liquid biochemical assays, making data obtained by different assays matchable. Methods Bias estimation was performed based on document EP9-A2. Simple data comparison and methodology validation were performed after the experiment methods were modified with the estimated correction factors and interception. All the collected data were analyzed by EXCEL2007 software. Results The predicted bias of 4 of the 10 compared items exceeded their corresponding acceptable bias. After being adjusted by the coefficient and interception obtained from linear regression analysis, the four bias was improved and was within the acceptable range. The results of simple data comparison further confirmed this comparability. Conclusion Based on EP9-A2, we have established a protocol to obtain a consistency of data from different biochemical analyzers, which makes it possible that the detection results of the same patient from different detection systems can be used directly. The protocol has been approved by the experts during the medicinal laboratory accreditation of ISO15189.

Abstract:Objective To observe the effect of intrathecal p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) treatment on neuropathic pain and the expression of p38 MAPK and BDNF in dorsal horn of spinal cord in rats with chronic constriction injury (CCI), So as to investigate the possible mechanisms of neuropathic pain. Methods Totally 30 SD rats were evenly randomized into 3 groups (n=10): sham group receiving intrathecal injection of sodium chloride, control group receiving intrathecal injection of sodium chloride and CCI surgery, and SB203580 group receiving intrathecal injection of SB203580 and CCI surgery. SB203580 (0.1 ml/kg) was administered 0.5 h before and 1-14 d after CCI surgery. The mechanical thresholds were tested 24 h before and 4-14 d after CCI surgery. p38 MAPK expression and BDNF release in the dorsal horn were determined using immunohistochemistry method 14 d after CCI surgery. Results The mechanical thresholds in the control and SB203580 groups were significantly lower after CCI surgery compared with that before CCI surgery (P<0.05), but there was no significant change in the control group(P>0.05). Compared with the sham operation group, the mechanical thresholds were significantly lower in the other two groups after CCI surgery (P<0.05). The mechanical threshold of SB203580 group was significantly higher than that of the control group after CCI surgery(P<0.05). The p38 MAPK expression and BDNF release were significantly higher in the control and SB203580 groups compared with those in the sham operation group (P<0.05), and those in the SB203580 group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Intrathecal injection of p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 can attenuate hyperalgesia in CCI rats through decreasing p38 MAPK expression and BDNF release.

Abstract:Transient receptor potential(TRP) superfamily includes seven subfamilies and TRP channels are regulated by a wide variety of physical and chemical factors. Recently, several members of the TRP channel family have been reported to be regulated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate(PIP2). The regulation is complex and it can be activation or inhibition, involving multiple mechanisms and factors. This review summarizes the PIP2 regulation of several TRP channels of different superfamilies and the related pathophysiological significance.

Abstract:Hepatitis C virus cell entry is mediated by multiple factors, including various receptors and cellular factors that trigger virus uptake by the hepatocyte. Occludin is a newly identified essential co-receptor for HCV entry together with CD81, SR-B1 and CLDN1. CLDN1 and occludin highlight the importance of studying the effects of tight junction and cell polarization on HCV entry. Study on cell polarization and tight junction can help to discover new targets for HCV therapy, and therefore interfere the cell entry and cell-cell spread of HCV. This review summarizes the current knowledge of hepatocyte polarization, tight junction and its major integral proteins CLDN1 and occludin, polarized cell culture system and its relation with HCV entry. \[Key words\] hepatitis C virus; cell polarization; tight junction; cell entry; occludin

Abstract:Recent studies have indicated that miRNA is an important element that regulates gene expression at the post transcriptional level. MiRNAs play important roles in development and progression of chronic disorders of many organs. This review summarizes the recent researches on the association of miRNA with chronic liver diseases.

Abstract:To prepare a monoclonal antibody against human SIRPα using synthetic peptide, and to use it for immune test to assess its efficacy. Methods The synthetic peptide of SIRPα was linked with KLH and the product was used as antigen for immunization of BALB/c mice. The mAb anti-SIRPα was obtained by hybridoma technique. The produced mAb was used for flow cytometry, Western blotting analysis and immunohistochemistry assay. Cytokines secreted by PMA-treated THP-1 cells were tested by antibody arrays after exposure to the obtained mAb, and the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were assayed by ELISA. Results The mAb secreting hybridoma clone was successfully obtained and it had a satisfactory efficacy when used for flow cytometry, Western blotting analysis and immunohistochemistry assay. Compared with negative control and isotype control, the prepared mAb can stimulate TNF-α and IL-6 secretion in PMA-treated THP-1 cells. Conclusion We have successfully prepared the mAb against SIRPα using synthetic peptide.

Abstract:Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is an autoimmune disease with unknown causes. Most PBC patients have abnormal lipid metabolism characterized by hypercholesterolemia. Paradoxically, clinical observations and pre-experimental studies showed that the risk of hyperlipidemia associated cardiovascular event and the mortality of PBC patients were not increased. In this review we summarize the possible reasons and the underlying mechanisms.

Abstract:目的 探讨氯沙坦对高糖及间歇性高糖诱导大鼠肾小管导管上皮细胞株NRK-52E转分化的抑制作用。方法 实验分为空白组(0 mmol/L葡萄糖)、正常葡萄糖组(5 mmol/L葡萄糖)、高糖干预组(25 mmol/L葡萄糖)、间歇性高糖干预组(5 mmol/L葡萄糖/25 mmol/L葡萄糖交替)、氯沙坦干预组(10 μmol/L氯沙坦)、氯沙坦高糖干预组(10 μmol/L氯沙坦预处理后再高糖培养)、氯沙坦间歇性高糖干预组(10 μmol/L氯沙坦预处理后再间歇性高糖培养), 根据分组对NRK-52E细胞施加相应因素作用72 h后, 蛋白免疫印迹法检测转分化标志物转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)、Ⅰ型胶原、金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)、α平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)以及甲状旁腺素相关肽(PTHrP)在细胞中的表达, CM2H2DCFDA试剂盒检测细胞ROS含量。结果 高糖干预及间歇性高糖干预组TGF-β1、Ⅰ型胶原、MMP-2、α-SMA和PTHrP表达上调, ROS含量明显上升, 间歇性高糖作用更显著。应用氯沙坦干预后可以部分下调高糖或间歇性高糖诱导的TGF-β1、Ⅰ型胶原、MMP-2、α-SMA以及PTHrP表达, 降低细胞ROS含量。结论 氯沙坦可抑制高糖及间歇性高糖诱导的NRK-52E细胞转分化作用。

Abstract:目的 诱导和筛选胀果甘草胚性愈伤组织，以获得高产细胞株。 方法 以胀果甘草为材料，从外植体、激素等因素研究和分析愈伤组织诱导、胚性愈伤组织的发生过程，用半薄切片对胚性愈伤组织形态和结构作进一步分析。结果 适宜的外植体是下胚轴;筛选出胀果甘草细胞生长的适宜培养基。愈伤组织诱导培养基: 植物组织培养的基本培养基(MS)+6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA)2.0 mg/L+2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)0.5 mg/L;胚性愈伤诱导培养基: MS+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+激动素(KT)0.5 mg/L+吲哚丁酸(IBA)0.1 mg/L;半薄切片结果，胚性愈伤组织的细胞为圆形或椭圆形，核大，质浓、染色深。结论 在适宜培养基中培养，胀果甘草胚性愈伤组织生长和发育良好，为进一步筛选甘草高产细胞株、甘草的大规模生产次生代谢产物、基因工程和人工制种奠定了基础。

Abstract:目的 探讨FLIP、FADD蛋白在结直肠癌中的表达及其与结直肠癌细胞凋亡、增殖的关系。 方法 应用免疫组化方法检测FLIP、FADD和PCNA蛋白在60例结直肠癌及35例结肠腺瘤中的表达并经图像分析系统测量FLIP、FADD和PCNA蛋白的平均光密度(D)值。TUNEL法检测结直肠癌细胞凋亡并计算凋亡指数(AI),以PCNA阳性细胞所占细胞总数的百分比作为增殖指数(PI)。结果 FLIP、PCNA阳性物质在结直肠癌中表达高于结肠腺瘤(P<0.05),而FADD蛋白在结直肠癌中的表达低于结肠腺瘤(P<0.05);结直肠癌组细胞AI 低于腺瘤组(P<0.05),而PI高于腺瘤组。FLIP蛋白表达与细胞AI负相关(r=-0.856 0,P<0.05),与PI正相关(r=0.821 4,P<0.05);FADD蛋白表达与结直肠癌细胞AI正相关(r=0.900 3,P<0.05),与PI负相关(r=-0.841 1,P<0.05)。结论 FLIP蛋白可能对结直肠癌细胞有抑制凋亡、促进增殖作用,而FADD则相反;FLIP高表达和FADD低表达可能与结直肠癌的发生发展有关。

Abstract:目的 观察Nd:YAG激光切断术治疗白内障超声乳化人工晶体植入术后前房内玻璃体纤维牵引条索的效果。方法 白内障超声乳化人工晶体植入术后伴有瞳孔变形、闪光感、眩光、视力下降、人工晶体偏位等的前房内玻璃体纤维条索牵引的患者31例(31眼),在表面麻醉下,用Nd:YAG激光将前房内切口与瞳孔后相连的玻璃体纤维牵引条索击断。结果 所有病例均成功切断玻璃体纤维条索,瞳孔恢复正圆形,症状得到改善,随访期间均未出现黄斑囊样水肿和视网膜裂孔及脱离。结论 Nd:YAG激光切断术是解除白内障术后前房内玻璃体纤维条索牵引、恢复正圆形瞳孔的非侵入式良好治疗手段。

Abstract:目的 探讨前列地尔注射液对成人体外循环术后急性肾损伤(AKI)早期患者肾功能的保护作用。方法 85例成人体外循环术后AKI早期患者,随机分为对照组42例和研究组43例。对照组和研究组均予常规治疗,研究组在常规治疗的同时给予前列地尔注射液10 μg+生理盐水10 ml缓慢静注,1次/12 h,连用7 d。对照治疗期间(7 d),对照组2例、研究组3例患者因需透析治疗被剔除。观察治疗前后两组患者尿量(UV)、尿N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、尿α1-微球蛋白(α1-MG)、尿β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)、血清肌酐(Scr)、血尿素氮(BUN)的变化,并计算两组患者ICU停留时间、对照治疗结束后透析治疗率。研究组患者使用前列地尔注射液期间观察药物不良反应。结果 与对照组相比,研究组治疗后UV明显增加(P<0.05),尿NAG、尿α1-MG、尿β2-MG、Scr、BUN降低(P<0.05)。研究组ICU停留时间少于对照组(P<0.05),但两组对照治疗结束后透析治疗率差异无统计学意义。研究组患者使用前列地尔注射液期间无严重不良反应。结论 前列地尔注射液对成人体外循环术后AKI早期患者的肾功能具有一定的保护作用。

Abstract:目的 观察奈福泮复合舒芬太尼静脉自控镇痛对混合痔患者手术后疼痛和围术期应激反应的影响。方法 60例ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级混合痔手术患者，男34例，女26例，年龄20~60岁，体质量52~66 kg，随机均分为3组:A组为间断肌内注射哌替啶组，B组为舒芬太尼组，C组为盐酸奈福泮复合舒芬太尼组。B组、C组使用一次性静脉镇痛泵48 h，观察术后2、4、6、8、12、24、48 h的视觉模拟评分(VAS评分)、镇痛药的使用剂量和PCA泵的按压次数及不良反应(恶心、呕吐、皮肤瘙痒、胸闷等)。分别测定麻醉前(基础值)、术后6 h、术后第1天清晨外周血清促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)、皮质醇(COR)和C反应蛋白(CRP)含量。结果 3组患者手术时间和术中出血量差异无统计学意义;术前血清ACTH、COR和CRP基础值组间比较差异无统计学意义，术后6 h及术后第1天清晨血清ACTH、COR和CRP含量均比术前基础值升高(P＜0.01)。术后同时点A组患者血清ACTH、COR和CRP含量高于B、C组(P＜0.05)。B组患者术后各时间段PCA按压次数均大于C组(P＜0.05，P＜0.01);A组术后各时间点VAS评分显著大于B组、C组，差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05，P＜0.01)。结论 奈福泮复合舒芬太尼静脉镇痛可有效减少混合痔患者术后镇痛舒芬太尼用量及自控追加次数，且不良反应小于单用舒芬太尼组;也可降低手术创伤引起的应激激素生成，有利于减轻围术期应激反应，促进患者术后康复。

Abstract:目的 调查5·12地震后救援军人的创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)发生情况,观察中药白龙解郁颗粒对PTSD的干预作用。方法 对震后参与救援的9 672名军人进行调查,诊断为PTSD的救援军人307名用SCL-90量表进行评估,与中国军人常模进行各因子分比较;分为中药组(203名)及安慰剂组(82名),分别给予白龙解郁颗粒及安慰剂治疗,2周后再次用SCL-90量表评估,进行治疗前后比较。结果 救援军人的PTSD发生率为3.2%(307/9 672);PTSD阳性的救援军人其躯体化因子分高于中国军人常模,偏执因子分低于中国军人常模(P<0.05);白龙解郁颗粒治疗后躯体化因子分、抑郁因子分及偏执因子分较治疗前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而安慰剂组治疗前后各因子分差异无统计学意义。结论 地震后救援军人的心理应激应予以重视;白龙解郁颗粒能改善PTSD引起的躯体障碍,具有良好的应用前景。

Abstract:目的 观察乌药、大黄合用对重症胰腺炎患者胃肠功能恢复的治疗作用。方法 将我科于2009年1月至10月收治的45例重症胰腺炎患者随机分为3组(n=15):常规治疗组，在抑制胰酶分泌和抗感染等传统治疗的基础上给予50％硫酸镁50 ml胃管注入，2次/d;大黄组，在传统治疗的基础上给予大黄水煎液100 ml高位保留灌肠，2次/d;乌药+大黄组，在传统治疗的基础上给予乌药水煎液50 ml胃管注入，大黄水煎液100 ml保留灌肠，2次/d。观察3组患者腹胀改善情况(腹围)、腹压(膀胱测压)、APACHE-Ⅱ评分、中性粒细胞、C反应蛋白及第1、3、5、7、9天血清中二胺氧化酶(DAO)的含量。结果 3组治疗后腹围、腹压、APACHE-Ⅱ评分、中性粒细胞等指标均明显下降(P<0.05或P<0.01)，以乌药+大黄组递减最明显，而C反应蛋白无明显变化。DAO含量在3组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，并且每组随着时间的延长而递减。结论 乌药、大黄合用能促进重症胰腺炎患者胃肠功能恢复。

Abstract:目的 修订适合我国护士的留职意愿问卷。方法 采用文献回顾法、翻译及回译、专家咨询法等,形成6条目的初始问卷;对104名护士实施测试后,检验问卷的信度和效度。结果 中文版护士留职意愿问卷由6个条目构成单维度问卷,具有良好的信度和效度。结论 修订的问卷为护理管理者了解护士留职意愿提供了适合的评价工具。

Abstract: