Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of aerosolized pulmonary surfactant (PS) on the blood oxygenation in rats with acute lung injury(ALI). MethodsFortythree SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham group (operated only, n=10), model group(n=10), airNS group (inhaling aerosolized normal saline, n=10), and airPS group (inhaling aerosolized PS\[160 mg\], n=13). ALI rats were induced by oleic acid(0.2 ml/kg) through jugular vein. The arterial blood gas and breathing rates were determined during the experiment in all groups. The survival rates of all groups were determined after experiments. ResultsPS aerosolization led to a gradual increase of PaO2 and SaO2. Four hours after inhalation of aerosolized PS, the PaO2 and SaO2 increased to 99.4 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and 98.2%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the airNS group (P<0.05). The breathing rate began to decease 0.5 h after inhalation of aerosolized PS and decreased to 100 breaths/min 4 h later, which was significantly lower than that in the airNS group at the same time point (P<0.05). The survival rate of animals in the airPS group was 100%, also significantly higher than that in the airNS group (60%, P<0.05). ConclusionAerosolized PS through spontaneous breathing can improve the blood oxygenation, pulmonary function and survival rates of ALI rats.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the relation of Treg/Th17 ratio with HBeAg loss in chronic HBV infection patients during enticarvir antiviral treatment. MethodsThe sera and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from the enrolled chronic HBV infection patients and healthy controls at different time points of enticarvir antiviral treatment. The HBV markers, HBVDNA, serum alanine transaminase(ALT), the HBVspecific IL17 levels, and the frequencies of Th17, Treg cells in PBMCs were determined. ResultsHBVDNA and Treg cell frequencies were decreased and the frequency of Th17 cells was rapidly increased in all patients; the secretion of IL17 decreased upon specific stimulation with HBcAg . Therapy induced inhibition of HBV replication led to great decrease of Treg/Th17. The decrease of Treg/Th17 ratio was closely related to loss of serum HBeAg at the fourth week. ConclusionInhibition of viral replication can not only reduce the activity of Th17 cells, but also quickly decrease the Treg/Th17 ratio. The Treg/Th17 ratio at the fourth week can serve as a marker for the effect of entacavir treatment for chronic hepatitis B.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of total body irradiation with different doses of 60Coγ on wound breaking strength during wound healing in rats. MethodsRats were exposed to 60Coγ radiation at dosages of 4,6,and 8 Gy. Within 30 min after irradiation, full thickness skin wounds were made on the shaved back of rats to establish animal models of irradiatedtrauma injury plus skin wounds (n=20), and nonirradiated rats with pure incision injury were used as controls (n=10). The rats were sacrificed at day 10 after treatment, and the full thickness skin wounds were harvested. Biomechanics method and histopathology examination were used to evaluate the wound breaking strength and histological features after healing. ResultsThe wound breaking strength of model groups were greatly retarded with the increase of irradiation doses. Statistical results showed that on day 10 the wound breaking strength values were significantly different between 4 Gy group ([114.26±0.29] g) and control group ([117.12±1.86] g, P>0.05), and the wound breaking strength values of 6 Gy group ([91.87±1.96] g) and 8 Gy group ([55.26±2.64] g) were significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). HE staining showed that the wounds in the irradiation trauma groups had looser and disorder collagenous fiber and less fibroblast proliferation than control group. ConclusionRadiation injury may result in delayed wound healing, and the wound breaking strength decreases with the increase of irradiation dose in model of irradiation injury plus full thickness skin wounds.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo isolate an endophytic fungus, which can produce podophyllotoxin, from an endangered medical plant Sinopodophyllum hexandrum, and to investigate the inhibitory effect of its fermentation broth against S180 sarcoma. MethodsEndophytic fungal strains were isolated and purified by microbiological tissue isolating methods from the fresh roots and stems of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum. The fermentation broths of the isolates were investigated by HPLC, so as to screen for podophyllotoxinproducing strains. The antitumor effects of endophytic fungus fermentation broths were evaluated in a mouse model bearing S180 sarcoma. The orbital blood samples were obtained for leukocyte and lymphocyte count. ResultsStrain T8, identified as Cephalosporium sp. was podophyllotoxinproducing. The tumor weight of T8 group was lower than that of the model group (P<0.05) and higher than that of the cyclophosphamide group (P<0.05). The inhibitory rate of fermentation broth of T8 group was significantly lower than that of cyclophosphamide group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the fermentation broth of T8 group significantly promoted the proliferation of leukocytes and lymphocytes. ConclusionThe fermentation broth of fungus T8 can inhibit tumor growth and may serve as an adjuvant drug for tumor therapy after attenuation.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the possible effect of mouse intrahepatic biliary epithelial cell line (mIBEC) on cocultured human hepatoma cell lines HepG2.MethodsHepG2 and mIBEC cells were cocultured in a membraneseparated Transwell system. CellTiter 96R○ AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay (Promega Corporation,Madison,WI) was used to examine HepG2 cell proliferation in the system with or without cocultured mIBEC. Realtime PCR(RTPCR)was used to determine Ki67 and caspase3 mRNA expression in HepG2 cells in a system with or without cocultured mIBEC. Western blotting analysis was used to determine caspase3 protein level in HepG2 cells. ResultsThe proliferation of the cocultured HepG2 cells was significantly lower than those cultured alone(P<0.01). Expression of Ki67,a cell proliferation marker,was also significantly downregulated in mIBEC cocultured HepG2 cells (P<0.05). The levels of caspase3 mRNA and protein were significantly upregulated in mIBEC cocultured HepG2 cells compared with HepG2 cells cultured alone (P<0.05). ConclusionmIBEC can inhibit the proliferation of cocultured HepG2, and caspase3 activation might be one of the reasons for the inhibitory effect of mIBEC against HepG2 cells.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the bioactive constituents of coral Scleronephthya sp. collected from the South China Sea. MethodsThe compounds were isolated and purified using repeated column chromatographies on Sephadex LH20, normal and reversedphase silica gels, and RPHPLC. The structures of the compounds were elucidated based on the detailed spectroscopic analysis in combination with reported data. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of these compounds were assessed by an agar diffusion test. Results and conclusion Three 5α,8αepidioxysterols, two alkyl glycerol ethers and 1,2Oalkyl glycerol were isolated from Scleronephthya sp.；these compounds displayed different levels of antifungal and antibacterial activities in bioassay in vitro. Compound 5 inhibited the growth of Gramnegative bacterium Escherichia coli and the Grampositive bacterium Bacillus megaterium. Compound 6 showed marked antifungal activity against Microbotryum violaceum. Compounds 14 demonstrated a weak antimicrobial activity.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo provide anatomic data for accurately locating the important structures of sellar area and preventing injury during endoscopic extended transsphenoidal approach to the sellar area. MethodsThe extended transsphenoidal approach was employed in twenty cadavers via endoscope, and the posterior wall of sphenoid sinus was divided into different parts for localizing sella turcica, carotid protuberance and optic canal. Important structures were observed and measured under microscope. ResultsThe posterior wall of sphenoid sinus was divided into five parts according to the four lines along the two sides of the two carotid protuberances. The depths of the sella turcica in the tuberculum sellae, anterior wall of sella turcica and sellar floor were (2.20±0.19 [0.636.90]) mm, (0.71±0.06 [0.362.78]) mm, and (0.94±0.18 [0.232.81]) mm, respectively. The transverse diameter, sagittal diameter and coronal diameter of pituitary gland were (14.72±1.07 [10.9218.38]) mm, (10.13±0.92[9.3712.51]) mm and (5.13±0.74 (2.377.91]) mm, respectively. ConclusionThe five parts of the posterior wall of sphenoid sinus in this study can facilitate the localization of important structures in the sellar area during the extended transsphenoidal approach to sellar area via endoscope, so as to prevent iatrogenic injury of vital structures in the sellar area.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of secretory clusterin(sCLU) gene silencing by RNA interference on the proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of human ovarian carcinoma SKOV3 cell line. MethodsThe human ovarian carcinoma SKOV3 cells were transfected with sCLUtargeting siRNA by Lipofectamine 2000. The study included four groups: the experimental group (sCLUsiRNA+Lipofectamine 2000), negative groupⅠ (negative control siRNA+Lipofectamine 2000),negative groupⅡ(sCLUsiRNA) and blank control group. The expressions of mRNA and protein were examined by RTPCR and Western blotting analysis. The proliferation, apoptosis and invasion ability of SKOV3 cells were evaluated by MTT assay, flow cytometry and Transwell assay. ResultsThe sequencespecific siRNA of sCLU effectively and specifically downregulated the expression of sCLU at both mRNA and protein levels. The MTT results showed that the proliferation of cells in the experimental group was significantly inhibited compared with those in the other groups(P<0.05). Flow cytometry demonstrated that the apoptotic rate of cells in the experimental group([15.84±1.53]%) increased by 9% compared with those in the rest groups(P<0.01).We also found that the matrigel penetrating capacity of cells in the experimental group ([26.52±6.22] cells/field)was significantly inhibited compared with those in the rest groups(P<0.01).ConclusionSilencing of sCLU can effectively inhibit the proliferation and invasion of human ovarian carcinoma SKOV3 cells, and it can also greatly promote their apoptosis, making sCLU gene a potential new target for ovarian carcinoma treatment.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effects of radioisotope labeled Ku70 antisense oligodeoxynuclecotide (ASODNs) on thyroid carcinoma implanted in nude mice and the related mechanism. MethodsThe Ku70 ASODNs labeled with 131I was used to treat the tumorbearing mouse model derived from thyroid carcinoma TT cells. The tumorforming rate,mortality rate and tumor growth were observed and calculated after treatment with 131IASODNs, 131INa, ASODNs or NS(normal saline). AnnexinⅤ/PI assay was used to examine the apoptosis of tumor cells by flow cytometry. Western blotting analysis was performed to determine the protein expressions of Ku70, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA, a cell proliferation marker) and Bcl2(a cell apoptosis marker). ResultsAfter treatment with 131IASODNs, the Ku70 protein level was downregulated in the tumor tissues and the growth of tumor was inhibited. The tumor volume, tumorforming rate and mortality rate were significantly decreased in 131IASODNs group than in the NS control group (P<0. 01). The tumor volume of 131IASODNs group was also significantly smaller than that in the 131INa group (P<0. 05); the apoptosis rate of 131IASODNs group (35.6%) was significantly higher than that of the ASODNs group (10.4%), NS group (9.2%) and 131INa group (26.6%) (P< 0.05). Further investigation found that PCNA and Bcl2 protein levels in 131IASODNs group were lower than those in NS and ASODNs groups. ConclusionThe Ku70 131IASODNs can effectively inhibit the growth of thyroid carcinoma and promote apoptosis of TT tumor cells, which might be related to the downregulation of Ku70 and the changes of PCNA and Bcl2 signal pathway.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of angiopoietinrelated growth factor (AGF) in obese patients and its relationship with body mass index(BMI), waist circumference(WC), waisthip ratio(WHR), blood glucose(FBG), plasma insulin(FINS) levels,and HOMAinsulin resistance index(HOMAIR). MethodsPlasma AGF levels were assayed by ELISA in 40 patients with obesity and 40 normal controls. The relationship of AGF level with BMI, WC, WHR, HbA1c, blood lipids, FBG, FINS, and HOMAIR was also analyzed. ResultsAGF levels in patients with obesity were significantly increased compared with that in the control group ([177.55±74.09] ng/ml vs [122.37±66.91] ng/ml,P<0.05). We also found that AGF level was positively correlated with Triglyceride(TG), FINS and HOMAIR(r=0.325, P<0.05; r=0.451, P<0.01; r=0.483, P<0.01); and was negatively correlated with highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL, r=-0.529, P<0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed that HDL, BMI and FINS were the factors influencing AGF levels. Binomial Logistic regression analysis indicated that AGF level was positively correlated with obesity after adjusting sex, age, total cholesterol(TC), TG, HDL and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) (OR>1). Conclusion The change of AGF level is associated with the metabolism disorder in obese patients, and it may also contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo study the expression of Fbox/WD repeatcontaining protein 7(FBXW7), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and minichromosome maintenance protein7 (MCM7) in colorectal carcinoma and the related clinical significance. MethodsImmunohistochemistry method was used to examine the expression of FBXW7, FAS and MCM7 in the colorectal carcinoma, colorectal adenoma and paracarcinoma normal mucosa tissues. ResultsThe positive rates of FBXW7 in the colorectal carcinoma, adenoma and normal tissues were 58.2%, 75.0%, and 88.9%, respectively, with significant difference found between the colorectal carcinoma and normal mucosa tissues (P<0.05); and FBXW7 expression was significantly correlated with the differentiation degree（χ2=10.516，P=0.001）, lymphatic metastasis （χ2=4.489，P=0.034） and the tumor size（χ2=9.974，P=0.002）. The positive rates of FAS in the colorectal carcinoma, adenoma and normal tissue were 94.3%, 75.0%, and 55.6%, respectively, with significant difference found between the colorectal carcinoma and normal mucosa tissues (P<0.01); and FAS expression was significantly correlated with the patient age(χ2=7.643，P=0.006). The positive rates of MCM7 in the colorectal carcinoma, adenoma and normal tissue were 95.8%, 66.7%, and 22.2%, respectively, with the difference being significant between the three groups (P<0.01). FBXW7 expression was negatively correlated with that of FAS and MCM7（r=-0.276，P=0.008；r=-0.443，P=0.000）, and FAS expression was positively correlated with MCM7 expression（r=0.228，P=0.024）. ConclusionFBXW7, FAS and MCM7 might be new markers for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of colorectal carcinoma; they may also serve as new therapeutic targets for colorectal carcinoma.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo observe the expression of Cox2 and Ki67 protein in mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and normal salivary gland(NSG), so as to search for biomarkers for evaluation of MEC prognosis. Methods The expression of Cox2 and Ki67 protein was examined by PV6001 staining in 11 NSG and 34 MEC samples, and the experimental data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 16.0 software. ResultsThe expressions of Cox2 were significantly different between MEC and NSG samples (P<0.01).Cox2 expressions were also significantly different between MEC samples with different differentiation, metastasis and recurrent statuses(P<0.05,P<0.01), and were similar between those with different sexes, ages, or ethnicities(P＞0.05).The expressions of Ki67 were significantly different between MEC and NSG samples (P<0.01). Ki67 expressions were also significantly different between MEC samples of high and moderatedifferentiation degrees with lowdifferentiation degrees, and samples with different recurrence, and metastasis statuses and sites(P<0.05,P<0.01), and were similar between the highdifferentiation and middledifferentiation samples, and samples with different sexes, ages, and ethnicities. Cox2 expression was positively correlated with Ki67 expression in MEC samples (rs=0.788, P<0.01). ConclusionCox2 and Ki67 expressions in MEC are associated with the pathological types of MEC, and they may participate in the development and progression of MEC. High expression of both is associated with local infiltration and distant metastasis.Codetection of Cox2 and Ki67 is helpful for predication of MEC prognosis.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of osteopontin (OPN) in normal breast epithelium, intraductal carcinoma and infiltrating ductal carcinoma and its clinical significance. MethodsThe expression of OPN was examined by SP immunohistochemistry in all specimens, and the results were statistically analyzed. ResultsThe positive rates of OPN in normal breast epithelium, intraductal carcinoma and infiltrating ductal carcinoma specimens were 0%(0/20), 20.0%(5/25) and 43.1%(25/58), respectively, with significant differences found between the latter two groups (P<0.05). OPN expression in breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma was not correlated with the family history, the sizes of primary tumor or patient ages, and it was correlated with histological types, clinical TNM stages and axillary lymphatic metastasis(P<0.05).ConclusionOPN may participate in the development, progression, metastasis of breast cancer, and it may be used for predicting the prognosis of breast cancer.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo establish a HPLCMS method for determinating the concentration of 4panisamidobutyric acid(ABA),the main active metabolite of aniracetam capsules in the plasma, and to compare the bioequivalence of two aniracetam capsules in healthy volunteers.Methods Twentyfour healthy male volunteers were randomly given an oral single dose of 200 mg test or reference aniracetam capsules in a crossover manner. The concentrations of ABA were assayed by HPLCMS at different time points. The main pharmacokinetic parameters and the relative bioavailability of two preparations were calculated, and their bioequivalence was evaluated．ResultsThe pharmacokinetic parameters of test and reference preparations were as fol1ows: Cmax being (9.30±5.13) and (8.70±3.17) μg/ml; t max being (38.41±17.89) and (39.09±19.92) min; t 1/2 being (37.21±10.51) and (38.45±9.24 ) min; AUC0t being (555.21±157.10) and (545.39±97.22) μg/(ml·min), and AUC0∞ being (566.24±158.01) and (554.71±100.32) μg/(ml·min), respectively. Relative bioavailability F0t and F0∞ values of the test preparation were (101.22±17.17)% and (101.52±16.63)%, respectively. No significant differences were found in the main pharmacokinetic parameters between the two preparations. ConclusionThe two aniracetam preparations tested in the present study are

Abstract:ObjectiveTo use α1AAR(α1Aadrenocepter) chromatography for studying the biological affinity of piperazine compounds. MethodsAffinity chromatography was used to purify α1AAR obtained from rabbit heart. α1AAR was immobilized on macroporous silica through the covalent bond by mild chemical coupling methods. The retention characteristics of α1AAR column were investigated with terazosin, norepinephrine, tamsulosin, metaraminol, and urapidil. Six piperazine compounds were synthesized, and the interactions between the compounds and α1AAR were investigated by the chromatographic model. ResultsBiological affinity was found between the synthesized piperazine compounds and α1AAR,with the order of affinity intensities being compound 3＞compound 4＞compound 1＞compound 2＞compound 5＞compound 6. Conclusionα1AAR chromatography is a specific and reliable biological affinity chromatography and can be used for preliminary study of drug activity.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo compare the two parameters in Raman spectroscopy quantitative analysis, so as to confirm the optimal one. MethodsThe ratios of peak intensity and peak area were taken as parameters in quantitative analysis. The contents of forsythin in forsythia suspense leaves gathered at different time points from different regions were analyzed with laser Raman spectroscopy. When the ratio of the peak intensity was taken as parameter, the Raman peak of forsythin (ρArH [1 319.1 cm-1]) and the peak of methanol (νas CH3O [2 974.7 cm-1]) were selected as quantitative peak and internal standard reference peak in the confocal microRaman spectra of forsythin methanol solution. When the ratio of the peak area was taken as parameter, the Raman peak of forsythin (ρArH [1 319.1 cm-1]) and the peak of methanol (νsCH3O[3 020.9 cm-1]) were selected. The ratios of intensity and area were taken as ordinate, and the content of forsythin was taken as abscissa. The two standard curves were plotted and the linear and recoveries were compared. ResultsBoth parameters had good linear relationship with forsythin concentration, with the correlation coefficients being 0.998 0 and 0.997 6; the recoveries were 100.04%101.30% and the recycling was complete. The linear fitting of the results with two parameters were measured, and the regression equation was C2=1.030 4C1-0.033 1, r=0.999 6. The results obtained with the two parameters were accurate and were largely identical. ConclusionBoth the relative peak intensity and the ratio of the peak area can be used as parameters for forsythin quantitative analysis with Raman spectroscopy. And the two parameters can obtain largely identical results. Raman spectroscopy with internal standard is a simple and rapid method for quantitative analysis of forsythin, and it can be used for quantitative analysis for Chinese herbs.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the population distribution according to different groups of people, the potential urban residents for medical insurance scheme, and to predict the income trends of individuals and families. MethodsAn urban population model was cre

Abstract:ObjectiveTo use the pooled sampling method to reduce the error caused by the detecting precision, so as to improve the accuracy of population rate estimates. MethodsA formula was deduced on how to obtain the ideal rate under given sensitivity and specificity, and the mean relative errors of rate estimation with different pool sizes were simulated and calculated using software SAS 9.1. ResultsWhen the actual rate was lower than the ideal rate, the errors caused by the detecting precision could be greatly reduced through adjusting the rate of mixed samples. ConclusionWhen the population rate is low, the accuracy of rate estimation can be improved and the numbers of tests can be reduced by using pooled sampling method under given specificity and sensitivity.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the inhibitory effects of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide(ASODN) of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) on development and growth of transplanted lung A549 cell adenocarcinoma in nude mice. MethodsThe inhibitory effects of STAT3 ASODN on A549 cell growth was evaluated by CCK8 assay. STAT3 ASODNtreated A549 cells were implanted subcutaneously into nude mice; the tumor growth was observed and the tumorforming rate was calculated. After subcutaneous implantation of the untreated A549 cells, the tumorbearing mice were randomized into 3 groups: control group, STAT3 ASODN group, and nonsense oligodeoxynucleotide (NSODN) group, with normal saline, STAT3 ASODN, and STAT3 NSODN injected intatumorally (15 mg/kg daily for 3 weeks). The tumor volumes were measured every other day and the tumor weights were determined. The protein expressions of STAT3 and pSTAT3 in xenografts were examined by Western blotting analysis. ResultsSTAT3 ASODN significantly inhibited the growth of A549 cells compared with STAT3 NSODN group (P<0.05). The tumor formation ability of A549 cells treated with STAT3 ASODN was significantly decreased (with the tumor inhibitory rate being 75.8%). Moreover, the growth of transplanted tumor was also significantly inhibited in STAT3 ASODN group as compared with those in NSODN group and control group (P<0.05) . The tumor weights were significantly reduced in STAT3 ASODN group than in STAT3 NSODN group and control group (with the tumor inhibitory rate being 51.1%). The expression of STAT3 protein and pSTAT3 was also downregulated in STAT3 ASODN group. ConclusionSTAT3 ASODN can suppress the tumorigenic ability of A549 cells and inhibit the growth of transplanted tumor in nude mice.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo study the promoting effects of microneedle arrays on transdermal delivery of arbutin by comparing with the effect of chemical penetration enhancer azone. MethodsThe microneedles were fabricated with singlecrystal Si as starting material using a series of photolithography, thinfilm deposition, and reactive ion etching techniques. Franzcells were used in the transdermal delivery experiment with human abdominal skin. The study was divided into the following 3 groups: the microneedle group (arbutin hydrogel without penetration enhancer, and the skin was treated with microneedle arrays); the control group (arbutin hydrogels containing 1%, 3%, and 5% azone (W/V), and the skin received no microneedle treatment); and blank control group (arbutin hydrogel without azone, and the skin received no microneedle treatment). Arbutin levels in the receptor solution, epidermis and dermis were determined by HPLC at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h. The analyses were performed with a C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm), at room temperature, mobile phase methanol1×10-3mol/ml HCl solution (V/V, 595), flow rate 1 ml/min, and detective wavelength 282 nm. The accumulative penetration amount(Qr), steadystate flux(Js) and the accumulative deposition amount(Qs)were calculated. ResultsThe microneedles could pass the human skin. The standard curve was: C=0.000 2A-0.182 9 (r=0.999 9), 0.450 μg/ml. The RSD values of intraday and interday precisions were 2.4% and 2.74%, respectively; and the recovery was higher than 90%.The values of Qr, Js, and Qs in the microneedle group were significantly higher than those in the 5% azone group(P＜0.01). Conclusion Microneedles can greatly promote the skin permeability and deposition of arbutin.

Abstract:Rudolf Virchow described the links between inflammation and cancer in the 19th century. Recently more progress has been made in the area, including versicanTLR2TNFα pathway and RANKLRANKIKKαMaspin pathway, which casts great new lights on cancer therapy.The traditional therapies solely targeting tumor cells is becoming increasingly limited, and drugs aiming at the tumor microenvironment are gradually gaining popularity, especially those aiming at inflammation cells, which participate in the metastasis and are closely related to the tumorigenesis and progression of tumor. This article reviews the recent progress on the links between inflammation and tumor metastasis.

Abstract:Severe burns and trauma can lead to insulin resistance (IR), which is associated with the metabolic disorder and hyperglycemia, and routine insulin treatment yield no noticeable outcome. However, long time bigdose insulin treatment can sometimes cause hypoglycemia, threatening the life of patients and making the condition more complicated to treat. By now, the mechanism of IR is not yet clearly understood. This article reviews the recent researches about the postreceptor signal transduction mechanism of IR after severe burns and its influencing factors.

Abstract:Statins are a class of hypolipidemic drugs, and they are HMGCoA reductase inhibitors. Statins are pleiotropic; recent studies have suggested that they might have a potential for prevention and treatment of Parkinson disease. This paper reviews recent researches about the roles of statins in the prevention and therapy of Parkinson disease in the nearest few years.

Abstract:Dendrimer is a newly synthesized nanomaterial with natural nanometersize, unique monodispersion, and multifunctional surface groups.And all these unique properties have led to its wide use in biomedical domain, especially in targeted drug delivery.The drug molecules can be either encapsulated in the hydrophobic chambers inside the dendritic skeleton,or chemically conjugated to the functional groups on the surface of dendrimer. The multifunctional surface groups can be linked chemically to various target ligands, including monoantibody and its Fab fragment, folic acid, biotin, etc, which lead to the delivery of drugs to the targeted sites for targeted therapy. This article mainly discusses the application of dendrimers in targeted drug delivery and introduces the toxic property of dendrimer.

Abstract:目的研究外源性硫化氢对急性氧中毒的影响。 方法昆明小鼠随机分为3组(n=12): 正常对照组、生理盐水组+高压氧暴露组、硫氢化钠(NaHS)组+高压氧暴露组。动物暴露前按分组腹腔注射生理盐水和NaHS(50 μmol/kg)溶液后立即进舱暴露(100%纯氧,压力500 kPa, 40 min),观察动物惊厥潜伏期,出舱后检测脑组织丙二醛(MDA)和一氧化氮(NO)含量。结果外源性硫化氢可减轻急性氧中毒的损伤,延长惊厥潜伏期,降低脑组织MDA和NO含量。结论外源性硫化氢对急性氧中毒造成的脑损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与降低NO含量有关。

Abstract:目的观察小儿5％七氟烷复合0.3 μg/kg瑞芬太尼诱导下经纤维支气管镜气管插管的临床效果。方法选择全麻手术患者36例,年龄6～10岁、ASA分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级,行静吸复合麻醉诱导的眼科手术的小儿,入室后吸入5％七氟烷,2 min后在1 min内静脉注射瑞芬太尼0.3 μg/kg,在呼吸末端七氟烷浓度为3.2％~3.4%时,经纤维支气管镜气管插管；插管完毕后给予维库溴铵0.1 mg/kg、瑞芬太尼2 μg/kg加深麻醉。观察诱导插管过程中插管满意率、患儿呼吸情况及插管对循环功能的影响等。结果插管成功率为94.4％,插管满意率为80.6％。麻醉诱导后与插管时、插管后比较对循环功能的影响较小,患儿自主呼吸保持良好。结论吸入5％七氟烷联合0.3 μg/kg瑞芬太尼诱导过程平稳,在保证自主通气的前提下能顺利完成经纤维支气管镜气管插管。

Abstract:目的总结瓣膜置换术围术期使用主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)的经验,评估IABP治疗瓣膜置换术后低心排血量综合征的疗效、死亡率和并发症发生率。方法自1998年3月至2008年12月在第二军医大学长海医院行瓣膜置换术围术期使用IABP辅助循环的顽固性心功能不全患者82例,其中二尖瓣置换术(MVR)27例,主动脉瓣置换术(AVR)20例,双瓣膜置换术(DVR)35例；术中使用IABP 37例,术后使用IABP 45例。总结手术经验,评估其疗效、死亡率和并发症的发生情况。结果52例 (63.4%)有效,撤机后患者均预后良好,正常出院；30例死亡(36.6%),其中20例因难逆性术后低心排血量综合征而死亡。置管时间32～631 h,平均126 h。IABP并发症发生情况:下肢缺血表现1例(1.2%),局部血肿4例(4.9%),弥散性血管内凝血(DIC)1例(1.2%),坠积性肺炎15例(18.3%)。结论 IABP对瓣膜置换术后低心排血量综合征的治疗具有辅助作用,对于瓣膜病史较长,左室较大,心功能受损严重的患者,应适当放宽IABP的使用指征,以免错过最佳的应用时机,甚至可预防性应用;穿刺操作熟练、术后严密护理可降低并发症发生率。

Abstract:目的探讨非特异性炎症反应与老年人非心脏手术后早期认知功能障碍（POCD）发生的相关性。 方法采用病例对照研究方法对2009年4月至2010年1月88例术前ASA Ⅲ级以上行非心脏手术的老年患者用简易智能量表(MMSE)评价手术前后认知功能的变化,并收集相关临床资料进行分析,探讨非特异性炎症反应与此类患者POCD发生的相关性。结果88例患者中有12例患者发生POCD；单因素分析显示POCD患者中性粒细胞比值较认知功能正常患者升高(P<0.05)；多因素分析显示术后早期体温升高超过1℃和术后中性粒细胞比值增加是术后24 h内POCD发生的独立影响因素,而术前受教育时间为混合影响因素。结论非特异性炎症反应可能是POCD发生的影响因素。

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