Abstract:[Abstract]ObjectiveTo observe the relationship between drug-resistance and invasive metastatic behaviors in ovarian cancer cells, and to discuss the related mechanism.MethodsHuman ovarian cancer cell lines with different levels of cisplatin-resistance, namely, OVCAR-3/DDP-1, -2, and -3, were established in vitro. The cell proliferation, cell cycle, and cell migration and invasion were assessed by MTT assay, flow cytometry, and Transwell migratory and invasive assays. The protein levels of MMP-2, TIMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 in the culture supernatants were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ResultsOVCAR-3/DDP-1, -2, -3 cell lines with stable resistance to cisplatin were successfully established, with the resistance indices being 3.87, 8.39, and 13.42, respectively. Compared with the parent cells, OVCAR-3/DDP-1, -2, and -3 exhibited a lower growth rate; the ratios of cells in G0/G1 phase were increased and those in S phase were decreased, with significant difference found between OVCAR-3/DDP-2 and -3 cells with OVCAR-3 cells(P＜0.05). With the enhancement of drug resistance, the invasion and migration capabilities of OVCAR-3/DDP-1, -2, and -3 cells were increased, with significant difference found between OVCAR-3/DDP-2 and -3 cells with the OVCAR-3 cells(P＜0.05). The ratios of MMP-2/TIMP-2 and MMP-9/TIMP-1 were increased in the cisplatin-resistant cells，with significant difference found between the OVCAR-3/DDP-1, -2, and -3 cells with the OVCAR-3 cells(P＜0.05). ConclusionDevelopment and enhancement of cisplatin resistance can promote the invasive and metastatic abilities of OVCAR-3 cells, which is partially related to up-regulated ratios of MMP-2/TIMP-2 and MMP-9/TIMP-1 in the resistant cells.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]ObjectiveTo study the telomerase activity changes during the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into adipocytes and the related mechanism. MethodsHuman MSCs were isolated from human bone marrow by plastic adhesion and were characterized by immune phenotyping. The multilineage differentiation potential of MSCs was confirmed by inducing MSCs to differentiate into osteoblasts and neuron-like cells by corresponding agents. Telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay was performed to examine telomerase activity in MSCs during adipogenic differentiation of MSCs; Western blotting analysis was used to examine the protein expression levels of hTERT, TRF1, and Tankyrase 1. ResultsTRAP showed that telomerase was negative in MSCs, but greatly up-regulated during the adipogenic differentiation process, peaked on the 7th day after adipogenic differentiation of MSCs(P<0.05), and then decreased thereafter. Western blotting analysis showed slight hTERT expression in MSCs, and the expression of hTERT and Tankyrase 1 increased during the adipogenic differentiation process, peaked on the 7th day, and gradually decreased thereafter. The expression of TRF1 remained unchanged. ConclusionTelomerase is weakly expressed in MSCs; the expression is increased during the adipogenic differentiation process of MSCs and then gradually decreases; and Tankyrase 1 may play an important role during the process.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]ObjectiveTo construct recombinant vectors for RNA interference(RNAi)targeting Pygo2, and to assess its influence on the proliferation, invasion of glioblastoma U251 cells and the related mechanism. MethodsA pair of oligonucleotides containing short hairpin structure targeting Pygo2 cDNA sequences were designed and synthesized, and their negative control sequences were also synthesized. After annealed, they were inserted into pSuper vector to generate the recombinant plasmids.Then the recombinant plasmids were digested with EcoRⅠand HindⅢ for identification, and the sequence was assayed by DNA sequencing. The recombinant plasmids were transfected into cultured glioblastoma U251 cells using LipofectamineTM 2000. The effect of Pygo2 shRNA on Pygo2 mRNA and protein in U251 cells was detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis, respectively. MTT assay was used to detect the cell proliferation; cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry; Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation analysis was used to examine DNA synthesis; and cell invasion assay was performed using Transwell chambers. The effect of Pygo2 shRNA on the protein level and subcellular location of cyclin D1 and β-catenin was detected by Western blotting analysis and immunofluorescent staining. ResultsThe recombinant plasmids were completely coincided with the design by the restriction map and the sequence analysis. Pygo2 mRNA and protein expression was significantly suppressed by Pygo2 shRNA. Furthermore, the proliferation of cells in Pygo2 shRNA group was notably inhibited, cell cycle was arrested at the G1 phase, and BrdU incorporation and migrating cells were significantly inhibited. In addition, Pygo2 knockdown significantly down-regulated cyclin D1 expression without altering the subcellular location, and the expression level and subcellular location of β-catenin had no noticeable changes. ConclusionThe recombinant vectors for specific suppression of Pygo2 expression have been constructed successfully. Inhibition of Pygo2 expression can suppress cell proliferation and invasion of glioma U251 cells, decrease DNA synthesis, arrest cell cycle at the G1 phase, and decrease expression of the Wnt target gene cyclin D1.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]ObjectiveTo set up a baculovirus system for preparing recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (rAAV8) and to preliminarily examine the infection viability of the prepared virus in vitro. MethodsThe rAAV8-EGFP was prepared using baculovirus system and was subsequently extracted and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. The viral titer was determined by real-time quantitative PCR and its infection viability for HEK-293 cells was examined by observing the EGFP reporter. ResultsReal-time quantitative PCR showed that high titer of rAAV8-EGFP was prepared (1.5×1013 vg/bottle\[100 ml medium\]) and strong expression of EGFP was observed in HEK-293 cells infected with rAAV8-EGFP. ConclusionThe baculovirus system is capable of producing rAAV8 with high titer and infection viability, paving a way for future research.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of long-term exposure to high concentration of sodium chloride on resistance to oxidative stress in Candida albicans (C. albicans). MethodsTwo C. albicans strains, SC5314 and ATCC76615, were challenged with 1 mol/L NaCl for 24 consecutive days. Spot assay was performed to compare the resistance to hydrogen peroxide and miconazole between the wild-type and derivative strains. The transcription levels of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD1), catalase (CAT1), and glutathione reductase (GR), were determined by real-time RT-PCR, and their activities were also examined. Peroxidation of lipid was examined by determining the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA); the cellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was also determined.ResultsLong-term exposure to high concentration of sodium chloride enhanced the resistance of C. albicans to oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide \[12 mmol/L\] and miconazole \[4 μg/ml\]); the exposure increased the transcription of antioxidant enzymes, SOD1, CAT1, and GR by 2-5 folds; and it also significantly increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes (P<0.05). Meanwhile, it significantly alleviated the peroxidation of lipid (P<0.01) and decreased the intracellular ROS contents (P<0.01). ConclusionLong-term exposure to salt stress can increase the resistance to oxidative stress in C. albicans.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of rosiglitazone (RGZ) in prevention of peritoneal fibrosis induced by peritoneal dialysis in rats.MethodsFifty SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: control group (n=5), normal saline(NS) group(n=9), model group (n=9), dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) group(n=9) , low-dose RGZ group (n=9) , and high-dose RGZ group (n=9). Peritoneal catheters were implanted in the last five groups, and peritoneal fibrosis models were induced in the last four groups by high-glucose peritoneal dialysate and erythromycin with rats. Animals in the low-dose RGZ and high-dose RGZ groups were treated with 1.5 mg/kg RGZ and 15 mg/kg RGZ, respectively. The one hour peritoneal equilibration test was performed and the plasma glucose and serum lipids were estimated five weeks after dialysis. The ultrafiltration volume (UF), dialysate-to-plasma urea ratio (D/Purea), and glucose reabsorption (D1/D0) were calculated. The visceral peritoneum tissues of rats were stained with hematoxylin-eosin(H-E) and Masson trichrome staining to observe the changes of peritoneal morphology. Blood vessels and leukocytes of peritoneum were quantified as n/mm2 within the histological sections with H-E staining. The expression of TGF-β1 and α-SMA in the parietal peritoneum was detected by immunohistochemistry assay. ResultsCompared with the control group, the numbers of peritoneal vessels, leukocytes, peritoneal thickness, and the expressions of TGF-β1 and α-SMA were significantly higher in the model group and DMSO group(P＜0.05). Administration of RGZ improved the above changes and significantly decreased the expression of TGF-β1 and α-SMA in the model and DMSO groups (P＜0.05). Compared with the control group, the UF and D1/D0 were significantly lower and D/Purea was significantly higher in the rest five groups (P＜0.05), and there were no significant differences between the low-dose RGZ group and the high-dose RGZ group(P＞0.05). ConclusionAdministration of rosiglitazone can effectively protect the ultrofiltration function of peritoneum during peritoneal dialysis and delay the progression of peritoneal fibrosis.

Abstract:\[Abstract\] Objective To investigate the effect of human cytomegalovirus(HCMV) infection on cholesterol metabolism in smooth muscle cells of the umbilical arteries and the related mechanismsMethods Vascular smooth muscle cells were isolated from umbilical arteries and were challenged with 1 MOI HCMV, and the intercellular content of cholesterol was determined.Cells treated with DMEM/F12 solution containing 3% fetal bovine serum were taken as mock infection controls.The differentially expressed genes were screened by cDNA microarray in each group,and the abnormally expressed genes associated with cholesterol metabolism were identified by fluorescence quantitative RTPCR.Results The intracellular content of cholesterol (\[0.71±0.06\] μmol/106 cells) was significantly higher in HCMV infection group at 72 h after infection compared with that in the control group (t=7.950,P=0.000 2).cDNA microarray and fluorescence quantitative RTPCR showed that the expressions of HMGCoA synthetase and HMGCoA reductase were greatly upregulated compared with those in the mock infection group 48 and 72 h after infection (P<0.01).Conclusion Human cytomegalovirus infection can increase the synthesis of cholesterol through upregulating cholesterol metabolismassociated genes in vascular smooth muscle cells,leading to unbalancd cholesterol metabolism.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) on the expression of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) mRNA after renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) in mice. MethodsNinety male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups, namely, the sham operation group (n=30), renal IR group (n=30), and rhEPO treatment group (n=30). Mice were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3, 6, 24, and 48 h after renal reperfusion, and the renal function was evaluated by determining blood creatinine. Histological damages were observed using a semi-quantitative histomorphological scoring system from 0 to 4. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by TUNEL staining in each group. HO-1 and IL-6 mRNA expression was examined by real-time PCR.Results Compared with renal IR group, the expression of HO-1 mRNA was significantly higher in rhEPO treatment group at 3, 6, and 24 h after reperfusion(P<0.05). The expression of IL-6 mRNA was significantly lower in the rhEPO treatment group at 6, 24, and 48 h after reperfusion(P<0.05). Serum creatinine level in the rhEPO treatment group was significantly lower than that in the renal IR group at 24 h after reperfusion(P<0.05). Compared with the renal IR group, renal histology injury was greatly attenuated by rhEPO in rhEPO treatment group. TUNEL staining analysis indicated that the apoptotic cells in the IR group were significantly more than those in the sham operation group(P<0.05), and those in the rhEPO treatment group was significantly less than those in the IR group(P<0.05). ConclusionrhEPO can attenuate renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice, probably through promoting the renal expression of HO-1 mRNA.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]ObjectiveTo construct a recombinant lentivirus carrying C57BL/6 mouse estrogen receptor α (Erα) and to infect mouse neurons, so as to pave a way for further studying the relationship of Erα with some nervous system diseases. MethodsErα gene was inserted into the main virus vector LV-GFP-flag to construct recombinant lentiviral vector LV-Erα-flag, which was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE) and DNA sequencing. Recombinant lentivirus V-Erα-flag was produced by 293T cells following the co-transfection of LV-Erα-flag with the packaging plasmids pHelper 1.0 and pHelper 2.0, and the virus titer was examined. The neurons of C57BL/6 mouse were cultured using a serum-free culture medium, and then control lentivirus V-GFP-flag was used to infect the neurons. The infection efficiency and apoptosis rate were examined by flow cytometry to obtain optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI). GFP expression was detected daily under an inverted fluorescent microscope. After that, V-Erα-flag with the optimal MOI was used to infect neurons; the expression of Erα mRNA and protein in the neurons was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis. ResultsAGE and DNA sequencing confirmed that LV-Erα-flag was successfully constructed, and packaged into 293T cells with a titer of 2×108 TU/ml. Control lentivirus V-GFP-flag could infect neurons, with the infection efficiency being (89.8±4.03)% and the cell apoptosis rate being only (3.6±0.29)% when MOI=5. Neurons could survive in the culture for at least 8 weeks, during which the GFP was persistently expressed, indicating the lentivirus could efficiently and stably infect the neurons. The expression of Erα mRNA and protein was greatly increased in neurons infected with V-Erα-flag (MOI=5). ConclusionThe recombinant lentivirus carrying Erα has been constructed successfully, which can infect neurons and lead to increase the expression of Erα mRNA and protein.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Tongluo recipe(TLR) on CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell in the thymus of experimental diabetic rats. MethodsTotally 112 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group, diabetes mellitus(DM) group, and TLR treatment group. Rat diabetic model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). The TLR treatment group was further divided into two subgroups: prevention group was given intragastric TLR (0.4 g·kg-1·d-1) for 12 weeks starting from the day of streptozotocin injection (TL-1 group), and the treatment group was given intragastric TLR (0.4 g·kg-1·d-1) for 12 weeks starting from 12 weeks after streptozotocin injection (TL-2). The animals were sacrificed at different time points (The control and DM group: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 weeks; TLR group: 12 and 24 weeks after administration of TLR). Flow cytometry, H-E staining, and immunochemistry were performed to investigate the change of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell ratio in CD4+ T cells, the thymus morphology, and the expression of Foxp3 protein in the thymus.ResultsCompared with the normal control group, diabetic group had a gradually shrunk thymus, a decreased ratio of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in CD4+ T cells, and a decreased expression of Foxp3. The ratios of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and the thymus indices in the two TLR groups were significantly higher than those in the diabetic model group(P<0.05).ConclusionTongluo recipe can greatly increase the ratio of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells, thymus index, and Foxp3 expression in the thymus, and may protect the thymus CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in experimental diabetic rats.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb. Leaf ethanol extract(VEE)and its different extracts on the anti-oxidative capability of brain stem in sleep-deprived rats. MethodsRats were intragastrically administered with low, middle, and high dose of VEE (1.2 g/ml, 2.4 g/ml, and 7.2 g/ml)and different extracts daily for 10 days. The rat mental fatigue models were established by sleep deprivation through flower-pot on the 7th day. Rats treated with salidroside (200 mg/ml)were taken as positive controls. After 72 h sleep deprivation, the concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total antioxidative capacity(T-AOC) in the brain stem were determined in each group. ResultsThe concentrations of the MDA, SOD, and T-AOC in the normal control group were (16.4±0.42) nmol/mg protein, (2.9±0.62) U/mg protein, and (154.3±14.47) U/ml, respectively. Compared with the normal control group, the sleep-deprived group had significantly higher concentrations of MDA, SOD and T-AOC(P＜0.05), and the groups of salidroside, high dose ethanol, and aqua extract of VEE had significantly lower MDA (P<0.05), and lower SOD and T-AOC.Conclusion The high dose VEE can greatly decrease the oxidative stress level of the brain stem, and it also has remarkable anti-oxidative ability, with the active part mainly in the aqua extract of VEE.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]ObjectiveTo investigate whether Shuxuening injection has a protective effect on myocardial injury in rats with cecal ligation and puncture(CLP)-induced sepsis. MethodsThirty SD rats were randomly allocated to Sham group, CLP group and Shuxuening group (SXN group). In the Shuxuening group, Shuxuening injection was intraperitoneally injected at a dose of 1 mg(0.3 ml)/body weight 1 h before CLP challenge. The sham and CLP groups received an equal volume of saline injection (0.3 ml/kg) at the same time points. Six hours later, the blood samples were obtained from abdominal aorta to determine the contents of TnT, TNF-α, and IL-1β. Meanwhile, MDA contents and SOD activities in myocardial tissues were also tested and the pathologic changes of the myocardial tissue were observed by H-E staining. ResultsCompared with CLP group, the serum contents of TnT, TNF-α, and IL-1β and myocardial tissue MDA were decreased in Shuxuening group; and the myocardial tissue SOD activities were significantly increased in Shuxuening group(P<0.05 or 0.01). Microscope observation showed that the degrees of myocardial congestion, edema, and inflammatory cell infiltration were greatly improved in the Shuxuening group compared with in the CLP group. ConclusionOur results suggest that Shuxuening can protect against CLP-induced myocardial injury in rats, probably through scavenging free radical and inhibiting release of inflammatory mediators.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]Objective To study the effects of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) point mutations 3243A/G, 3316G/A, and 3394T/C on the incidence of schizophrenia (SZ) in the Han nationality in Henan province. MethodsA total of 250 unrelated patients and 292 normal controls without family history of schizophrenia were included in the present study, and their peripheral blood samples were subjected to examination by PCR, digestion with different restriction enzymes, agarose gel electrophoresis, and DNA sequencing to detect the mutations of mtDNA 3243, 3316, and 3394.Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS17.0 statistic software.ResultsmtDNA 3316 G/A mutation was found in 8 SZ patients and in 3 controls (P>0.05). mtDNA 3394 mutation was found in 15 SZ patients and 4 controls, with significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). No mtDNA 3243 mutation was found in the two groups. ConclusionThe findings in the present study indicate that mutation of mtDNA 3394T/C may be related to SZ, and the mutation of mtDNA 3243A/G and 3316G/A may not be related to SZ.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]ObjectiveTo explore the role of mucosal immunity in the pathogenesis of asthma and allergic rhinitis and to search for common materials for the two conditions, so as to reveal the relationship of asthma and allergic rhinitis. MethodsA total of 82 patients with acute asthma, including 44 with asthma alone and 38 with asthma complicated with rhinitis, were included in this study. Another 30 patients with allergic rhinitis alone and 30 healthy controls were also included. The saliva, sputum, and nasal secretions (all 2 ml) were collected to observe the secretory immunoglobulin-A(sIgA) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Flow cytometry was employed to observe CD4+, CD8 + lymphocytes in blood samples (2 ml) obtained from the elbow vein. The levels of eosinophil cationic protein(ECP) and serum total immunoglobulin E(T-IgE) were assessed by fluorescent enzyme immunoassay. ResultsSputum sIgA levels in the asthmatic group, combination group, and rhinitis group were significantly lower than that in the normal control group (P<0.01) ; saliva sIgA levels in the asthmatic group and combination group had a decreasing tendency but had no significant difference compared with that in the normal control group. sIgA levels in the nasal secretions in the asthma group and combination group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group (P<0.05) and rhinitis group (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference between the rhinitis group and the control group. Blood CD4+ cells in the asthmatic group and combination group were decreased than that in the normal control group (P<0.05). Blood CD8+ cells were similar in all the groups. CD4+/CD8+ cells in the asthma group was significantly more than those in the normal control group and rhinitis group (P<0.05). Serum T-IgE-levels in the combination group and rhinitis group were significantly higher than that in the normal control group (P<0.01). Serum ECP was hardly detected in the normal control group; that in the asthma group was significantly higher than that in the rhinitis group (P<0.05), and that in the combined group was not significantly different with those in the asthma group or the rhinitis group. ECP and T-IgE levels were positively correlated (r=0.467, P<0.05) in the asthma group, and not correlated in other groups. ConclusionThe asthma and allergic rhinitis are both closely related to mucosal immunity, which is the manifestation of asthma and rhinitis in different sites. The sIgA, CD4+, CD8+, ECP, and T-IgE may be the material bas for mucosal immunity.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]ObjectiveTo compare the efficacies of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) and billiopancreatic diversion(BPD) in treatment of rats with non-obese type 2 diabetes mellitus. MethodsTotally 48 Goto-Kakizaki rats were randomized to undergo one of the following procedures: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass(n=16), biliopancreatic diversion(n=16), and sham operation (n=16). The fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin were determined before and 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 weeks after operation; the hematoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were determined before and 6, 12, and 24 weeks after operation and the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated. The mortality and complications were observed in each group. ResultsThe fasting blood glucose levels were significantly decreased during 1-24 weeks after operation in both Roux-en-Y group and biliopancreatic diversion group(P<0.01 or P<0.05); the HbA1c levels were also decreased 12 and 24 weeks after operation (P<0.01); and the above parameters were not significantly changed in the sham operation group. The fasting insulin levels were not significantly different between the 3 groups. In RYGBP group and the BPD group, the HOMA-IR indices decreased significantly 1-24 weeks after operation compared with those before operation (P<0.05), and those in the BPD group were significantly lower than those in the RYGBP group at all time points (P<0.05). The mortality was 6% in the RYGBP group and 50% in the BPD group. The complication rate and mortality in the BPD group were significantly higher than those in the RYGBP group (P<0.05). ConclusionRYGBP and BPD have similar efficacies in treatment of rats with non-obese type 2 diabetes mellitus, and BPD can lead to higher incidences of complications and mortalities than RYGBP.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]ObjectiveTo study the protective effects of electroacupuncture of Zusanli acupuncture on rat hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury and the possible mechanism. MethodsForty male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (each group n=10):sham(A), ischemia/reperfusion(B), ischemia/reperfusion + non-electroacupunture(C), and ischemia/reperfusion + electroacupuncture of Zusanli acupuncture point(D). Animals in C and D groups received electroacupuncture of Zusanli acupuncture point (4 mA, 2/100 Hz) before ischemia for 45 min. Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (70%) was induced by blocking blood inflow of the left transverse lobe and middle lobe for 90 min, then reperfusion was allowed for 8 h; blood samples were obtained from the inferior vena cava for determination of serum ALT. Meanwhile, real-time PCR was used to examine the heptaic expression of TNF-α and IL-10. ResultsB, C, and D groups demonstrated significantly higher levels of serum ALT and hepatic TNF-α and IL-10 compared with A group(P<0.05), and the increase of ALT and TNF-α in D group was significantly lower than those in B and C group (P<0.05). Expression of IL-10 was not significantly different between the 3 groups (P>0.05). ConclusionElectroacupuncture of Zusanli acupuncture point can effectively protect against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury, which is possibly related to the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility of the single-port laparoscopic transvesical prostatectomy in pigs, and to summarize the technique difficulties, so as to lay a foundation for future clinical application.MethodsSix uncastrated male pigs were used in this study. The skin stomas were made through bladder exstrophy and the TriPort system was inserted into the bladder. Radical prostatectomy was performed as did in human using laparoscopic instruments through the TriPort system after inflating the bladder. The bladder and abdomen were closed after vesicourethral anastomosis, and the prostate specimens were removed through the skin stoma.ResultsThe first three procedures failed due to inappropriate positioning of TriPort system, limited space of bladder, and the high tension of vesicourethral anastomosis. The other 3 procedures were successful, with the periods used being 190 min,160 min, and 110 min. The whole prostates were resected completely, and the completeness of the urinary tract was recovered using interrupted suture (6 sutures).ConclusionThe single-port laparoscopic transvesical prostatectomy is a feasible procedure, but there are technical difficulties. Further experiments are needed on human cadavers before clinical application.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]ObjectiveTo summarize our experience on application of magnetoencephalography (MEG) and awaking anesthesia in microsurgical treatment of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors in the functional areas.MethodsThe range of the functional area was largely defined by MEG; intraoperative cortical electrical stimulation was used under awaking anesthesia to identify the border of function area and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors. Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors were resected under microscope in four patients and the outcomes of the patients were observed.ResultsSatisfactory outcomes were obtained in the 4 patients and there were no injuries in the function area. No epileptic seizures or recurrence of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors were found during long term follow-up.ConclusionCombined treatment using MEG and awaking anesthesia contributes to safe and effective surgical treatment of dysembroplastic neuroepithelial tumors in the function areas.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]Glioblastoma, originating from glial cells, is the most commonly seen primary intracranial tumors in adults with extremely poor prognosis. miRNAs are a class of endogenous 18-26 nt non-coding RNAs playing important roles in a variety of biological processes. Recent studies have shown that miRNAs are closely associated with the development and progression of glioblastoma. In this paper, we summarize the regulatory roles of miRNAs in the progression of glioblastoma.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]Lin28 is a highly conservative RNA-binding protein. It can bind to the terminal loop of the precursor of let-7 family miRNAs and block the maturation of let-7. Lin28/let-7 signal pathway is involved in the stem cell pluripotency and tumor development. Combined transfection of Lin28, OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG can reprogram human somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells. Tumors with high expression of Lin28/Lin28B are often poorly differentiated and have poor prognoses.

Abstract:\[Abstract\] Core fucose glycosylation catalyzed by α1, 6fucosetransferase(Fut8) is an important way for protein posttranslational modification and functional regulation; it directly influences a series of biological characteristics of cells and is always seen under some pathological conditions. This paper reviews the recent studies on the regulation, biological function of Fut8 and its relationship with different kinds of tumors.

Abstract:\[Abstract\]Lipid rafts have been implicated in many cellular functions, including protein and lipid transport and signal transduction. Recently ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, which are associated with multidrug resistance, have been found in lipid rafts; therefore they might be related to drug resistance. Here we introduce the relationship between the localization and functions of three multi-drug related ABC transporters, including two relevant to multidrug resistance in tumor cells(Pgp/ABCB1 and MRP1/ABCC1) and one relevant to multidrug resistance in Candida albicans (Cdr1p). We also discuss the influence of sphingolipids and cholesterol, two major components of lipid rafts, on the localization and function of the above three ABC transporters.

Abstract:\[摘要\]目的探讨多药耐药相关蛋白1(MRP1)和乳腺癌耐药蛋白(BCRP)在化疗前浸润性乳腺癌组织中的表达情况及临床病理意义。方法采用免疫组织化学方法检测81例乳腺癌\[浸润性导管癌(非特殊型)76例,浸润性小叶癌5例\]组织中MRP1和BCRP的表达情况,统计分析其与年龄、肿块最大直径、组织学分级、TNM分期、淋巴结转移以及雌激素受体(ER)和癌基因HER2表达的相关性。 结果MRP1阳性表达率为74.1%(60/81),其表达与肿瘤最大直径(rs =0.802,P=0.001)、TNM分期(rs =0.804,P=0.001)、HER2表达(rs =0.645,P=0.000)正相关,与ER表达(rs =-0.362,P=0.001)负相关,与年龄、组织学分级和淋巴结转移与否无关；BCRP阳性表达率为29.6%(24/81),其表达与淋巴结转移(rs =0.266,P=0.016)和HER2表达(rs=0.241,P=0.03)正相关,与组织学分级(rs=-0.303,P=0.006)和ER表达(rs =-0.420,P=0.001)负相关,与年龄、肿瘤最大直径及TNM分期无关。而MRP1表达与BCRP表达间未见相关性。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示MRP1和BCRP表达与无病生存期相关(P＜0.05),与总生存期无关(P＞0.05)。结论在浸润性乳腺癌组织中MRP1高表达,BCRP呈低表达,两者可能参与肿瘤的进展过程,并与HER2和ER的表达有一定的相关性。

Abstract:\[摘要\]目的评价影像学引导下射频消融（RFA）联合经皮后凸成形术（PKP）微创治疗胸腰椎体转移性肿瘤的可行性和临床疗效。方法选取8例共11处脊柱转移瘤患者,年龄32～75岁,平均（56.6±13.9）岁；病灶位于T11 1处,T12 1处,L12处,L2 2处,L4 3处,L5 2处。对所有患者在全麻下行影像学定位引导RFA联合PKP进行治疗。术中射频消融时间设定为4～6 min,治疗温度(95±5)℃,射频电极有效治疗直径1.5～2.0 cm。所有电极都准确插入瘤巢中心,对于肿瘤形状不规则病灶调整电极角度和方向多次消融。平均随访（8.4±2.1）个月,视觉模拟标度尺（VAS）评价手术前、后临床疗效,对数据进行统计学分析。结果所有患者均完成治疗,术后24 h观察生命体征并行抗感染治疗,术后3 d VAS值明显下降,术后1周及1、3、6个月症状无复发,VAS评分明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论影像学定位引导下RFA联合PKP治疗胸腰椎转移性肿瘤简单、微创、安全、有效。

Abstract:\[摘要\]目的探讨低密度脂蛋白胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的比值(LDL-C/HDL-C比值)与早期动脉粥样硬化的关系。 方法共连续收集2006年5月至2010年6月在第二军医大学长征医院贵宾诊疗科健康体检者1 320例,其中男性885例,女性435例,平均年龄(49.0±10.0)岁,利用多元逐步回归法了解LDL-C/HDL-C比值与颈动脉内中膜厚度的相关性。 结果LDL-C/HDL-C比值与颈动脉内中膜厚度独立相关(男性:β=0.067 3,P=0.005;女性:β=0.033 2,P<0.001),而且在女性患者中,即使LDL-C水平在合适范围内(＜3.37 mmol/L)，该相关性仍然存在(β=0.100 9,P=0.015)。 结论LDL-C/HDL-C比值是颈动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素;相对于LDL-C而言,LDL-C/HDL-C比值是一项更有价值的临床预测指标。

Abstract:\[摘要\]目的观察瑞舒伐他汀对预防冠脉支架术后再狭窄的临床疗效,探讨其对血脂和炎症因子水平的影响。方法106例急性冠脉综合征冠脉支架植入患者,随机分为治疗组(瑞舒伐他汀10 mg/d+常规用药)和对照组(常规用药)；疗程均为6个月。治疗结束后入选病例复行冠脉造影,比较两组支架植入术后再狭窄率的差别及两组TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C和CRP水平。结果治疗组冠脉支架再狭窄率明显低于对照组(P<0.01),且普通支架和洗脱支架亚组均有相似结果。术后6个月,治疗组血清TC、TG、LDL-C和CRP水平明显低于对照组(P<0.01或0.05),而HDL-C明显高于对照组(P<0.05)；治疗组再发心绞痛明显少于对照组(P<0.05)。结论瑞舒伐他汀可有效预防冠状动脉支架术后再狭窄、调节血脂、抑制炎症,且不良反应低,可长期服用。

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