Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of interleukin-22 (IL-22) on apoptosis of CRL-1730 cells(human umbilical vein endothelial cell line) induced by ox-LDL and the possible mechanism. MethodsExpression of IL-22 receptor R1 (IL-22R1) mRNA in CRL-1730 cells stimulated with ox-LDL (100 μg/ml) was detected by fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. Flow cytometry was applied to examine the effect of exogenous IL-22 (20 ng/ml) on the ox-LDL-induced apoptosis of CRL-1730 cells. The expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, Bcl-w, caspase 3, and STAT3 mRNA in CRL-1730 cells treated or untreated with IL-22 and ox-LDL were measured by fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR; the phosphorylation status of STAT3 and the Bcl-2 protein level were examined by Western blotting analysis. ResultsThe expression of IL-22R1 mRNA increased in a time-dependent manner (P<0.05) and peaked at 12 h after ox-LDL stimulation. Treatment with IL-22 significantly inhibited the apoptosis of CRL-1730 cells induced by ox-LDL(P<0.01), increased the expression of anti-apoptosis genes Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, and Bcl-w, and decreased expression of caspase 3 mRNA(P<0.01). STAT3 phosphorylation occurred 1-2 h after IL-22 treatment and Bcl-2 protein expression increased 4 h after IL-22 treatment in ox-LDL stimulated CRL-1730 cells. ConclusionIL-22 can inhibit the pro-apoptosis effect of ox-LDL in the CRL-1730 cells, which might be associated with the increased expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, and Bcl-w mRNA, decreased expression of caspase 3, and induced STAT3 phosphorylation.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the distribution of various types of autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and the adjacent non-tumor tissues. Methods We observed the ultrastructure of 15 HCC tissues and the matched adjacent non-tumor tissues under electron microscope. Scion Image software was used to analyze the relationship between distribution of various types of autophagy and cell ultrastructure. ResultsThe data showed that macroautophagy was the dominant one in HCC cells,and the distribution was associated with the activity and metabolism of HCC cells. We also found that the microautophgy was the dominant one in the cells of adjacent tissues,and the distribution was associated with the inflammation injury of cells. ConclusionOur study suggests that macroautophagy and microautophagy are asymmetrically distributed between HCC cells and hepatocytes of the adjacent tissues,which might be related to the development of HCC.

Abstract:Objective Rabbit endothelial progenitor cells were harvested from culturing bone marrow with EGM-2MV (n=10), and efficacy of the cells expansion was observed. Methods Three millimeter bone marrow of each rabbit was cultured with EGM-2MV medium in flasks coated with fibronectin. Morphology was observed with phase contrast microscopy, and a growth curve was constructed to evaluate the efficacy of expansion. Twelve days later, the attached cells were identified with immunocytochemical staining for CD133, CD34, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR-2). The function of cells was tested by evaluating the ability of incorporation of Dil-ac-LDL and combining FITC-UEA-1 lectin. Meanwhile the attached cells were selected with CD133 immunomagnetic beads. The percentage of CD133, CD34, and VEGFR-2, CD34/ VEGFR-2 and CD133/ CD34/ VEGFR-2 antigen-positive cells were calculated and compared using flow cytometry before and after immunomagnetic beads selection. Results The cluster-like or colony-like growth cells were found 48 h after bone marrow cultured. The cells were spindle, triangle or polygon shaped. The cells growth curve showed \"S\" type. About (1.51±0.29) ×106 attached cells were harvested from each sample twelve days later. The cells took up Dil-ac-LDL and combined with FITC-UEA-1 lectin. Immunocytochemistry showed that CD34, CD133, and VEGFR-2 were positive. The percentage of CD34+/ VEGFR-2+ and CD133+/CD34+/ VEGFR-2+ cells after immunomagnetic beads selection were 3.38 and 6.14 times higher than those of unselected cells, respectively. Conclusion Endothelial progenitor cells can be harvested directly from rabbit bone marrow in a simple and effective method.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo study the cellular localization of a novel human thrombospondin R-spondin 3 and its role in the development and progression of tumors.MethodsThe subcellular localization of R-spondin 3 was investigated in HEK293 cells by fluorescence micrography. Colon carcinoma cell lines HT-29 and LoVo were transfected with pcDNA-Rspo 3 recombinant expression plasmid; and the cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by Flow Cytometry (FCM). Cell adhesion and invasion ability were determined by Matrigel reagents and Transwell system, respectively.ResultsFluorescence micrography showed that EGFP-Rspo 3 fusion protein was mainly localized in nuclei as dispersed particles. Overexpression of R-spondin 3 showed no effect on cell cycle in both colon carcinoma cell lines. Overexpression of R-spondin 3 induced apoptosis of LoVo cells with high malignancy (P<0.01) although it showed no effect on the apoptosis of HT-29 cells with low malignancy. The overexpression also promoted the adhesion ability (P<0.01), restrained invasion ability (P<0.01) and motility of both colon carcinoma cell lines.ConclusionOur research indicates that R-spondin 3 localize in the nuclei; it can induce apoptosis and restrain metastatic potential of some tumor cells.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo study the possible relation of pain perception with estrogen in rats. MethodsA total of 16 rats were equally divided into two groups: an ovariectomization group (OVX) and an ovariectomization plus E2-treatment group (OVX+E2). Animals in OVX group were ovariectomized to decrease the ovarian hormone level, and those in the OVX+E2 group were treated with estrogen one week after ovariectomization. 2-MeSADP, a selective agonist of P2Y1 receptor, was injected into the hindpaw of the rats in both groups. The mechanical pain thresholds were observed by behavioral tests, and the expression of P2Y1 in the dorsal root ganglia were examined by RT-PCR in the two groups. ResultsThe mechanical pain threshold of rats in OVX+E2 group was significantly increased compared with that of rats in OVX group(P=0.014). After 2-MeSADP injection, the mechanical pain threshold of rats in OVX group underwent no significant change, and that of rats in OVX+E2 group was deceased. RT-PCR result showed that P2Y1 mRNA expression in the DRG in OVX+E2 group was significantly increased compared with that in OVX group(P<0.05) .ConclusionOur findings indicate that estrogen may influence the peripheral mechanical pain threshold by increasing the expression of P2Y1 receptors in DRG.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of TransfastFastTM Transfection Reagent-mediated transfection of NF-κB decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) on expression of anti-apoptosis factor Bcl-xL in the primary cultured cortical neurons after oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation(OGD/R). MethodsOGD/R model was established using primary cultured rat cortical neurons, and the model neurons were divided into 4 groups according to different treatments: OGD 4 h/R 6 h, NF-κB decoy ODNs, scrambled decoy ODNs and TransfastFastTM Transfection Reagent groups. Untreated neurons served as normal control. The protein expression of NF-κB P50-and c-Rel in the neurons was determined by Western blotting analysis; the expression of Bcl-xL mRNA was examined by RT-PCR. ResultsThe expression of NF-κB P50 and c-Rel protein was significantly higher in the OGD 4 h/R 6 h than that in the normal control group (P<0.01); and the expression in NF-κB decoy ODNs group was significantly lower than that in the OGD 4 h/R 6 h, scrambled decoy ODNs and TransfastFastTM Transfection Reagent groups(P<0.05). RT-PCR results showed that Bcl-xL mRNA expression in OGD 4 h/R 6 h was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (P<0.05), and that in NF-κB decoy ODNs group was significantly lower than that in the OGD 4 h/R 6 h, scrambled decoy ODNs and TransfastFastTM Transfection Reagent groups(P<0.05). ConclusionNF-κB decoy ODNs can effectively inhibit NF-κB P50- and c-Rel-mediated Bcl-xL mRNA expression in primary cortical neurons, which may be one of the mechanisms for the neuroprotective function of NF-κB.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo construct prokaryotic expression plasmid pGEX-4T-1/SH3 and to examine the biological activity of the expressed SH3 protein. MethodsHCK SH3 gene was amplified by PCR and was cloned into the vector pGEX-4T-1 to construct prokaryotic expression plasmid pGEX-4T-1/SH3. The recombinant plasmid was identified by double enzyme digestion and sequencing, the positive plasmid was transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3),and the expressed product was identified by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and Western blotting analysis. HCK SH3 and HIV-1 Nef proteins were purified and their binding activity was detected by GST pull-down assay. ResultsThe recombinant plasmid pGEX-4T-1/SH3 was correctly constructed. SH3 protein was expressed and purified.GST pull-down assay showed that SH3 protein had a satisfactory binding activity to HIV-1 Nef protein.ConclusionWe have successfully expressed and purified GST-SH3 protein. Nef protein and SH3 proteins have a specific binding activity, which paves a way for screening drugs targeting Nef and SH3.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo observe the effects of trimetazidine (TMZ) on left ventricular remodeling and plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level in rats with chronic renal failure (CRF). MethodsMale Sprague-dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham group, CRF group, small- (3 mg/kg), medium- (6 mg/kg), and high-TMZ (9 mg/kg) treatment groups, with each group containing 10 rats. Animals in the latter four groups received 5/6 subtotal nephrectomies. TMZ was intragastrically administered to rats for 17 weeks in three TMZ groups, while normal saline was given to rats in CRF group. At the end of the study, transthoracic echocardiography was performed, the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MBP), and BNP were measured, and the cardiac tissues were obtained for pathological examination. ResultsEchocardiography showed that the left ventricle end-systolic dimensions, anterior wall end-diastolic and end-systolic thicknesses, and posterior wall end-diastolic thickness in the medium- and high-TMZ groups were significantly decreased compared with those in the sham control group (P<0.05). Compared with the sham control group, the rest four groups had significantly higher systolic/diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure and BNP level (P<0.01, P<0.05). The BNP levels in medium- and high-TMZ groups were significantly lower than that in the sham control group (P<0.05). Irregular arrangement and hypertrophy of the cardiomyocytes and myocardial fibrosis were observed in the control group under light microscope, and mitochondrial swelling, vacuolation and focal muscle fiber dissolution were observed under electron microscope. The pathological changes were improved by TMZ treatment in a dose-dependent manner. ConclusionTMZ may improve left ventricular remodeling and decrease BNP level in CRF rats.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo compare the serum contents of 14,15-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (14,15-DHET), a stable metabolite of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids （EETs), between senile diabetic patients with and without nephropathy and healthy controls, and to analyze the relationship of their contents with vascular endothelial dysfunction. MethodsWe conducted a case control study, which included 60 healthy senior citizens (group A), 78 senior diabetic patients with no clinical evidence of nephropathy (group B), and 58 senior diabetic nephropathy patients (group C). Serum levels of 14,15-DHET, 6-keto-PGF1α (a stable metabolite of prostaglandin) and TXB2 (a stable metabolite of thromboxane A2) were measured using ELISA kits. Meanwhile, the parameter of blood glucose and lipid were also examined. The endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation (EDV) and non-endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation (NEDV) in the brachial arteries were determined by Color Doppler Ultrasound. ResultsCompared with group C, group A and B had significantly lower serum levels of 14, 15-DHET and 6-keto-PGF1α , and values of EDV and NEDV（P<0.01）, and had significantly higher levels of blood hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), triglyceride, cholesterol, and TXB2 , urine protein albumin, and values of TXB2/6-keto-PGF1α and TXB2/14，15-DHET（P<0.01）. The level of 14,15-DHET was negatively correlated with the course of disease, the levels of HbA1c, TXB2, triglyceride and cholesterol, and the ratios of TXB2/6-keto-PGF1α and TXB2/14,15-DHET; and it was positively correlated with the values of EDV and NEDV in senile diabetic patients with and without nephropathy. ConclusionOur results indicated that serum 14，15-DHET level is decreased during the early stage of senile diabetic patients with and without nephropathy. Like PGI2, 14，15-DHET may also serve as a biomarker for the impairment of EDV and NEDV in senile diabetic patients with and without nephropathy.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of sulodexide on the peritoneal morphology and function of long-term peritoneal dialysis rats. MethodsAdult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: control group(n=6),model group(n=10), low-dose sulodexide group (n=10) and high-dose sulodexide group(n=10).A 1 hour peritoneal equilibration test was performed after an eight-week peritoneal dialysis in each group. The dialysate samples were subjected to examination by hemocytometer for determination of 1 h dialysate urea(Durea), dialysate protein(Dtp), initial dialysate glucose(D0) and 1 h dialysate glucose(D1),plasma urea nitrogen(Purea)and total plasma protein(Ptp); and the D/Purea(parameter for clearance rate of urea nitrogen), D/Ptp(parameter for total protein loss in dialysate), and D1/D0(parameter for peritoneal ultrafiltration)were calculated. The parietal peritoneum tissues of rats were harvested and stained by Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson trichrome for observation of the peritoneal structure.The vessels and leukocytes in peritoneum tissue were counted (n/mm2) using stained sections.Leukocytes in dialysate samples were evaluated using hemocytometer. The levels of inflammatory cytokine (MCP-1, TNFα) in dialysate samples were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and the expression of TGF-β1 in parietal peritoneum was detected by immunohistochemistry assay. ResultsCompared with the control group, rats in the model group had decreased peritoneal mesothelial cells, thickened sub-mesothelial matrix, increased inflammatory cells, and angiogenesis (P＜0.05). The ultrafilitration volume (UF) and glucose reabsorption (D1/D0) were significantly lower and the dialysate-to-plasma urea ratio (D/Purea) and dialysate-to-plasma total protein ratio(D/Ptp) were significantly higher in model group than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Counts of leukocytes and levels of MCP-1 and TNFα in dialysate samples were significantly increased (P＜0.05) and TGF-β1 expression in parietal peritoneum was also significantly increased in the model group.Administration of sulodexide greatly improved the structure changes of the peritoneum, decreased the inflammatory cell infiltration and angiogenesis, greatly improved peritoneal function, significantly decreased the levels of MCP-1 and TNF-α in dialysate samples (P＜0.05), and decreased the expression of TGF-β1 in parietal peritoneum. ConclusionSulodexide may improve the peritoneal morphology and function by inhibiting pertioneal chronic inflammation.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of norepinephrine on renal injury after resuscitation in a rat model of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock. MethodsRat model of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock was established and the model rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, namely, the Sham-operation group, the lactated Ringer’s solution (LR) group, and norepinephrine (NE) group. The mean artery pressure(MAP) were observed in each group 180 min after shock. During resuscitation animals in NE group received norepinephrine (10 μg/\[kg·min\]); the LR group received the same volume of lactated Ringer’s solution. During 70 min resuscitation, lactated Ringer’s solution (40 ml/kg) and half of the shed blood were transfused into animals in NE group and LR group. The blood samples was collected 20 min following half shed blood transfusion for measuring blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr). The survival rates were observed 24 h after the resuscitation and the left kidney was evaluated pathologically. ResultsThe serum levels of BUN and Cr in NE group were significantly lower than those in the LR group(P<0.05). And the 24 h survival rate of NE group was significantly higher than that of the LR group (P<0.05). ConclusionNorepinephrine, compared with lactated Ringer’s solution alone, can attenuate renal injury and improve the survival rate of rat models of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo compare the effects of surgical and non-surgical treatments on long-term psychological condition and pain control in patients with metastatic spinal tumors.MethodsUsing Zung’s Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Zung’s Self-Rating Depression Scale, and Numerical Rating Scale, we examined patients with metastatic spinal tumors at diagnosis and 1, 3, 6, and 9 months after surgery (diagnosis) both surgical and non-surgical treatment groups.ResultsA total of 216 patients were enrolled in the present study, with 101 in the surgery group and 115 in the non-surgery group. There were no significant differences in the anxiety, depression or pain between the two groups at diagnosis. Anxiety and depression were relieved in both groups from the third month after surgery (diagnosis) to the ninth month after surgery, with the scores being significantly lower in the surgery group than those in the non-surgery group (P=0.000). The mean score of pain decreased to (1.2±0.9) in the surgery group and to (6.4±2.0) in the non-surgery group after a period of 9 months. Patients in the surgery group had significantly lower pain scores in the last four assessments compared with the non-surgery group after surgery (diagnosis) (P=0.000).ConclusionSurgical treatment is superior than non-surgical treatment in reducing anxiety and depression and controling pain in patients with metastatic spinal tumors.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo construct, verify and optimize an interactive three-dimensional(3-D) digital anatomic model of human brain, so as to pave a way for accurate display of the cerebral tissues and for guiding clinical practice. MethodsA series of 176 sections(T1WI)of a healthy male volunteer, who aged 24 years old and underwent 1.5 T General Electric Signa MRI examination, were used as the original data, which were pretreated using commercially available software (Mimics 8.0, Z-brush, Imageware, Photoshop and Maya 8.5). The rough model was established and was adjusted. After verification, the model was subjected to 3-D painting and rendering. ResultsThe 3-D model of human brain was successfully constructed based on the 176 original images. The outline calculated according to the model corresponded well with the edge of the original MRI image. After painting and rendering, the 3-D model showed a satisfactory display efficacy. The model could be viewed from any angle and could be rotated 360 degrees in any plane. Moreover, it could be rotated, reduced and enlarged using the zoom function, allow viewing from different directions. ConclusionWe have successfully constructed a 3-D model of the human brain and some adjacent organs with high accuracy and satisfactory displays efficacy, which lays a foundation for guiding future clinical practice.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo prepare the docetaxel(DTX)-loaded nanoparticles based on poly(D, L-lactide-co-gly -colide)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA-b-PEG-COOH)(DTX-NPs)and to evaluate their in vitro release property．MethodsPLGA-PEG was successfully synthesized and double emulsion solvent evaporation technique was used to prepare DTX-NPs. The size distribution, zeta potential, and surface morphology of the prepared DTX-NPs were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM); the entrapment efficiency and drug content were investigated by HPLC; and the in vitro release was examined using phosphate buffer solution as the releasing medium. ResultsThe average diameter of DTX-NPs was (138.8±1.01) nm, the zeta potential was (-13.74±3.54) mV, the encapsulation efficiency was (99.91%±0.29%), the drug load was (2.47±0.02) μg/mg, the 24 h drug release was 49％, and the total drug release in 120 h was 95％. ConclusionThe present preparation method for DTX-NPs is reliable and simple, and the product is stable and possesses a sustained release character in vitro. It can stay in the blood for a long period and possess a bright future of application.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficiency of scopolamine hydrobromide orally disintegrating tablets (SHODT) based on nanoparticles-in-microsphere system in treatment of motion sickness. Methods(1) Each mouse was placed in a rotation device to induce motion sickness; the animals received gastric infusion of SHODT (6 mg/kg, 12 mg/kg, and 24 mg/kg) 20 min before rotation to observe the preventive and therapeutic effect of SHODT. (2) Paraoxon (10 μl) was locally applied to the right carotid artery of rabbits to induce forced reverse circling (exceeding 3 round/ min was taken as positive). Ten minutes before application of paraoxon, SHODT (0.12 mg/kg, 0.24 mg/kg, 0.36 mg/kg, 0.48 mg/kg, 0.72 mg/kg, 0.96 mg/kg, and 1.44 mg/kg) was put into rabbit mouths for natural disintegration and swallow; symptoms of motion sickness was observed 40 min after paraoxon application. ResultsWe found that SHODT at 6 mg/kg had a similar effect to the same dosage of normal tablets for motion sickness in mice (P=0.674) and had a significantly different effect with blank control (P=0.001). The anti-motion sickness effect of SHODT was in a dose-dependent manner within the range of 6-24 mg/kg. The ED50 value of SHODT was 0.476 mg/kg in rabbits treated with local paraoxon. The linearity formula between the dose in logarithmic and the efficiency was y=0.679x+0.724, R=0.929. ConclusionSHODT based on nanoparticles-in-microsphere system possess an effective anti-motion sickness effect.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo explore the method and clinical efficacy of arthroscopic surgery for treatment of subacromial impingement syndrome and its complications. MethodsA total of 16 patients with subacromial impingement syndrome were operated using arthroscopy during Jul. 2007 to Dec. 2008. The patients aged from 34 to 65 years old, with a mean of (55.6±9.1) years old. Preoperative MRI of shoulder, X-ray of anterior-posterior view of shoulder joint and outlet view of supraspinatus muscle were carried out. Selective injection was used for diagnosis. Five of the 13 patients also had frozen shoulders, 5 had rotator cuff tears, 2 had acromioclavicular joint arthritis, and 1 had calcific tendinitis. All cases were treated by arthroscopic subacromial decompression (ASD) combined with treatments for complications, including arthroscopic capsular release for frozen shoulders, cuff repair or debridement for rotator cuff tears, distal clavicle resection for AC joint arthritis and calcium debridement and cuff repair for calcific tendinitis. ResultsThe patients were followed up for a mean of (18±6.4) months (ranging 12 to 31 months). The mean ASES score (American Solar Energy Society) of the 16 patients was significantly improved after operation (\[42.7±13.4\] vs \[92.5±12.9\], P=0.001). The whole UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles) score was also significantly improved after operation (\[17.2±4.1\] vs \[31.1±3.4\], P=0.000), with the overall excellent rate being 93.8%. ConclusionSubacomial impingement syndrome is usually complicated with other shoulder disorders; the accurate diagnosis should be based on patient history, physical examination, imaging findings, selective injection and arthroscopic examination. ASD should be done together with the management of the complications to achieve a better treatment outcome.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo use rapid-resolution liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (RRLC-TOF/MS) for analyzing the chemical constituents of epimedium. MethodsThe separation was performed on a SHISEIDO MG C18 reverse phase column (3.0 mm×100 mm, 3 μm).The mobile phase consisted of water containing 0.1% formic acid; acetonitrile was used as gradient elute.The gradient of A phase was as following: 5%-19%(0-3 min), 19%-32%(3-13 min), 32%-52% (13-25 min), and 52%-70% (25-30 min). The flow rate was 0.6 ml/min, post-column split ratio was 31, and the temperature of column was 25℃. Time-of-flight mass spectrometer(TOF/MS) and electrospray ion source (ESI) was applied for qualitative analysis under the positive ion mode, and mass scan range was m/z 100-1 000. ResultsA total of 43 chemical constituents were identifled from epimedium by RRLC-TOF/MS in one run. ConclusionA rapid and efficient RRLC-TOF/MS approach for identifying the chemical constituents of epimedium has been successfully established, which paves a way for quality control and further in vivo studies of epimedium.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the extraction, isolation, and structure identification of chemical constituents from petroleum ether fractions of Gnaphalium affine D. Don. MethodsIsolation and purification were carried out by silica gel column and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. The structures of the purified compounds were identified by spectral and physicochemical methods. ResultsTen compounds were identified from petroleum ether fractions of Gnaphalium affine D. Don: taraxasteryl acetate(1),α-amyrin(2),β-amyrin (3), betulinic acid (4), physcioin(5), emodin(6),(20R)-cholest-4-en-3-one (7),3β-hydroxy- stigmast-5, 22-dien-7-one(8),β-sitosterol(9),and n-hexacosanic acid(10). ConclusionCompounds 1-8 have been isolated from affine genus for the first time.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo analyze the changes of serum trace element concentrations between subjects with and without motion sickness after exposure to acceleration,so as to provide new insights on the etiology and pathogenesis of motion sickness.MethodsA total of 60 volunteers were exposed to the repetitive acceleration stimulation using a 6-degree-of-freedom ship motion simulator.At the end of the acceleration exposure the subjects were divided into motion sickness and non-motion sickness groups according to the presence of nausea and vomiting.The serum samples were collected immediately after acceleration exposure to determine the concentrations of trace elements,levels of cortisol and epinephrine by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES),radioimmunoassay (RIA) and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD).ResultsThere were no significant differences in trace elements,cortisol and epinephrine concentrations between the motion sickness and non-motion sickness groups before exposure to acceleration.After exposure,serum Cu,Sr and Mn concentrations were apparently increased in the non-motion sickness group and not changed in the motion sickness group.Serum Zn concentration in the motion sickness group decreased by 19.7% after exposure（P<0.01）,and it did not change in the non-motion sickness group.Serum Zn concentration in the motion sickness group decreased by 17.1% compared with that in the non-motion sickness group after exposure（P<0.05）.Serum cortisol and epinephrine levels increased in both groups,and there were no significant differences between the two groups.ConclusionOur results suggest that acceleration exposure-induced increase of serum Cu,Sr,Mn,and decrease of Fe,Zn concentrations may be related to the development of motion sickness.

Abstract:The liver is the major site of carbohydrate metabolism and lipogenesis. The transcription factor ChREBP is a major mediator of glucose action in the control of hepatic glycolysis and lipogenesis. In the form of heterodimer with its partner Mlx, ChREBP regulates glucose-responsive genes in the liver and a family of genes required for glucose utilization and de novo lipogenesis. Liver-specific inhibition of ChREBP in ob/ob mice can improve hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance. In this review，we introduced the molecular structure, biological function, and regulatory mechanisms of ChREBP, as well as its relevance with metabolic diseases

Abstract:Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), a unique population of glia in the primary olfactory nervous system, are derived from the olfactory placode in the peripheral nervous system; they can envelop olfactory axons during migration from the olfactory epithelium to the bulb in the central nervous system and are thought critical for growth of olfactory axons in both the developing and adult olfactory nervous system. Importantly, OECs are potential candidates for implantation therapy of damage to the central nervous system. The biological features of OECs are determined by the molecules they express: PDGF, NDY, S-100, Nestin, etc. Although p75NTR is commonly used to label OECs, up to now there have been no specific molecules for identifying OECs from Schwann cells and astrocytes. This paper reviews the cellular and molecular biological properties of OECs.

Abstract:Peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of patients with diabetes mellitus.Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is known to play important roles in glucose control, neural protection, improving microcirculation, anti-oxidation and lipid metabolism; it is thought to be closely related to the development and progression of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and it has become a focus of study in the area. This paper introduces the recent researches concerning the association of GLP-1 with diabetic peripheral neuropathy and the related mechanism.

Abstract:As a member of p53 family, p73 is gaining increasing attention because it has high structural and functional homology with p53. TAp73, a full-length isoform of p73, can arrest cell cycle and induce cell apoptosis; it may also exert its effect on the target gene of p53, and is therefore considered as a new tumor suppressor gene. Further research on p73 may cast new lights on the diagnosis and therapy of cancer. This paper describes the structure and function of p73 and its relationship with development, progression and prognosis of gynecological tumors.

Abstract:目的研究键合多西紫杉醇（TSD）的聚乳酸-聚乙二醇嵌段共聚物（PLA-PEG/TSD）对人前列腺癌细胞PC-3的增殖抑制作用。方法TSD、PLA-PEG/TSD和聚乳酸-聚乙二醇（PLA-PEG）作用于PC-3细胞，应用MTT法检测各组药物在不同浓度下作用24、48、72 h后PC-3细胞的抑制率，应用流式细胞仪检测PC-3细胞周期变化，应用电镜观察PC-3细胞凋亡的形态学特征。结果PLA-PEG/TSD和TSD比较，对PC-3细胞的增殖抑制作用相似(P＞0.05)，并且两组均具有浓度和时间依赖性，随药物浓度和作用时间的增加，抑制率逐渐增高。PLA-PEG和对照组比较，对PC-3细胞的增殖没有影响(P＞0.05)。流式细胞仪检测结果显示：PLA-PEG/TSD和TSD两组PC-3细胞明显阻滞于G2/M期，两组相比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)，与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。电镜观察：PLA-PEG/TSD和TSD两组PC-3细胞凋亡的形态学特征一致。结论PLA-PEG/TSD与TSD相比较，抑制PC-3细胞增殖的特点和机制相似，PLA-PEG/TSD在治疗前列腺癌方面有研究价值。

Abstract:[Abstract]Objective: To investigate and significance the expression of 5-LOX(5-lipoxygenase), NF-kB P65( Nuclear factor kappa B P65 )in colon mucosa of ulcerative colitis(UC)and to analyze their correlation．Methods: The biopsies from 32 UC patients and 26 healthy controls were collected，and the expression of 5-LOX, NF-kB P65 mRNA and protein in colonic mucosa was determined by Real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry assay respectively．The patients were graded according to endoscopic and histological grading．Results: The expressions of 5-LOX, NF-kB P65 mRNA and protein in UC patients were significantly increased than those in healthy controls, which wag correlated with histological grading. A good positive correlation was found between 5-LOX and NF-kB P65.Conclusion: The expression of 5-LOX is closely related to NF-kB P65 in colon mucosa from UC patients. They may play a pivotal role in inflammation of UC.

Abstract:Abstract: Objective To compare the effect between the postmenopausal women with osteoporosis who take both vitamin E and calcium carbonate D3 tablets and take calcium carbonate D3 tablets only. Methods Select 145 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis who are aged from 51 to 70. Devide these women randomly into the test group (the group of take both vitamin E and calcium carbonate D3 tablets and the control group ，the group of take calcium carbonate D3 tablets only. Women in the test group is 74. Women in the control group is 71. Women in the test group take a pill of Carbonate D3 tablets and a pill of vitamin E everyday; while women in the control group take a pill of calcium carbonate D3 tablets everyday. The two group women are all requied to take drags for one year . Then compare the situation of the clinical symptoms ，the changes of bone gla-protein（BGP），the bone mineral density (BMD)，the estradiol and the serum alkaline phosphatase （AKP）of the women between the two group . Results The improvement of the clinical symptoms 、 the bone mineral density (BMD)，bone glo-protein（BGP），estradiol，alkaline phosphatase （AKP） in the test group is better than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The curative effect of the conbine-using Vitamin E and calcium carbonate D3 tablets in postmenopausal women with Osteoporosis is better than using calcium carbonate D3 tablets only.

Abstract:Objective :To investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography in tuberculosis of the ankle joint. Methods: Clinical informations and ultrasonic manifestation of 8 patients with ankle tuberculosis were retrospectively analyzed.Results: Ultrasound examination of 8 cases with tuberculosis of the ankle joint synovial thickening, 8 patients；joint effusion, 6 patients； bone destruction,7patients；soft tissue swelling ,8 patients.；soft tissue abscess,6 patients.Conclusion；Ultrasonic manifestation of ankle tuberculosis has the relative characteristics ,and has good value of clinical applications.

Abstract:[Abstract] Objective To study and compare the clinical effect of Neer type Ⅱfractures of the lateral end of clavicle treated with clavicular hook plate and Ao locking plate fixation. Methods From January 2008 to January 2009, the 45 patients treated Neer Ⅱ type fracture, in which 25 patients with clavicular hook plate, 20 patients were treated with AO locking clavicle plate by Constant-Murley shoulder function Evaluation and compare the clinical efficacy.Results 2 groups were I wound after healing, patients were followed up for 1 to 2 years, with an average of 1.3 years. Clavicular hook plate group of 23 patients with fracture healing time was 13w (10 ~ 16w). Among them, 2 cases of delayed union, adhere to the shoulder healed after 1 month of exercise, 3 patients had shoulder discomfort, pain during activity, 1 patient had impingement, internal fixation after removing the symptoms gradually disappear. 2 cases because of poor position the tip of the hook slide hook there. AO locking clavicle plate group: 20 patients with fracture healing time 12w (11 ~ 15w), no delayed healing. AO clavicle was found loose or broken lateral locking plate. 2 cases of postoperative shoulder discomfort, pain during activity, the symptoms disappeared after removal of internal fixation. 1 year after surgery were evaluated according to Constant score, the quantitative scores were not significantly different (p> 0.05). One group of clavicular hook plate group were excellent in 15 cases, good in 6 cases, fair in 2 and poor in 2 cases, good in 84%; clavicle lateral locking plate group were excellent in 13 cases, good in 5 cases, fair in 2 cases, good in 90 %.Conclusions Coracoclavical screw and clavicular hook plate fixation for Neer type Ⅱfractures of the lateral end of clavicle both result in good shoulder function. However, a low incidence of postoperative and disease, is conducive to the early functional exercises

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