Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of using cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells as targeted vehicle to deliver hIL-21 gene for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. MethodsWe constructed pDC759-hIL-21 and pDC759-CopGFP for cotransfection of HEK293 cells with pAd5 and pAd5F35 which can express hIL-21 and CopGFP proteins for viral packaging. We isolated CIK cells and plotted the growth curve. Then Ad5/AAV-CopGFP and Ad5F35/AAV-CopGFP of different MOIs (0,1,5,10,50,100, and 1 000) were used to infect CIK cells; Ad5/AAV-hIL-21 and Ad5F35/AAV-hIL-21 of different MOIs (0,1,5,10,20, and 50) were used to infect SMMC-7721 cells and the hIL-21 protein levels were examined by ELISA assay 48 h after infection. Ad5F35/AAV- hIL-21 of different MOIs (0, 1, 5, 10, 50, and 100) was used to infect CIK cells and hIL-21 protein levels were also examined 48 h after infection. SMMC-7721 cells were subcutaneously injected to nude mice for tumor forming, and then the tumor-bearing mice were treated with CIK cells carrying hIL-21 and the therapeutic effects were observed. ResultsPlasmids for viral packaging were constructed. After cotransfection of HEK293 cells, Ad5 and Ad5F35 which can express hIL-21 and CopGFP proteins were successfully packaged. Ad5 and Ad5F35 which can express CopGFP were used in this study. It was found that Ad5F35 was superior to Ad5 in CIK infection, with the suitable MOI being 50. Ad5/AAV-hIL-21 and Ad5F35/AAV-hIL-21 had similar effect on IL-21 expression in SMMC-7721 cells. Results of animal study showed that mice in group CIK/hIL-21 had a better curative effect. ConclusionhIL-21 and CIK cells have synergistic anti-tumor effect in nude mice bearing HCC.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo characterize the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in the fatty liver of obese ob/ob mice. MethodsFour 18-weeks old male ob/ob and 4 control mice were sacrificed after 16 h fasting. Their body mass, ratio of liver wet mass to body mass and liver triglyceride contents were examined. H-E staining and Oil red O staining were performed to observe the histological changes and lipid deposition of the liver. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect mRNA expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in the liver. ResultsThe body mass, ratio of liver wet mass to body mass and liver triglyceride contents were significantly higher in ob/ob mice than those in control mice (P<0.05). H-E staining and Oil red O staining showed severe hepatic steatosis in the ob/ob mice. The mRNA levels of fatty acid translocase (CD36), fatty acid binding protein 1 (FABP1), fatty acid synthase (FASN), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1(ACC 1), elongation of very long chain fatty acids family member 6 (ELOVL6) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) were significantly higher in ob/ob mice than those in control mice (P<0.05); and there were no significant differences in the mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α(PPARα), palmitoyl-CoA oxidase (ACOX1), apoprotein B (ApoB) or microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) between the two groups (P>0.05).ConclusionThe genes closely related to fatty acid uptake and de novo fatty acid synthesis are up-regulated in ob/ob liver, and those related to fatty acid oxidation and lipid transportation and VLDL secretion are not greatly affected at mRNA level.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo observe the fatty deposition in thapsigargin-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress model in hepatocytes and to discuss the possible mechanism. MethodsHepatocytes (L02 cell and HepG2 cell line ) were divided into control group and experimental group (treated with 1 μmol/L thapsigargin). Fatty deposition in the hepatocytes was observed by biochemical assay and oil red O staining. Real-time PCR was used to test the expression of SREBP-1c and LXRs mRNA. And Western blotting analysis was used to examine the expression of protein of GRP78,SREBP-1c and LXRs. ResultsWestern blotting analysis showed that GRP78 protein expression in the experimental group was remarkably higher than that in the control group (P<0.05 ), indicating the successful establishment of the endoplasmic reticulum stress model in hepatocytes. The hepatocyte fatty deposition in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group 48 h after thapsigargin exposure(P<0.01). The expression of SREBP-1c mRNA and protein in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05 ), and the expression of LXRs mRNA and protein was not significantly between the two groups. ConclusionEndoplasmic reticulum stress may induce hepatocyte fatty deposition throuth up-regulating SREBP-1c, and LXRs is not involved in the process.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) gene expression silencing by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) on perineural invasion of pancreatic cancer Capan-2 cells in vitro. MethodsWe transfected Capan-2 cells with lentivirus-mediated shRNA targeting L1CAM (L1CAM-shRNA) and negative control shRNA (L1CAM-NC), and then the transfected Capan-2 cells were co-cultured with mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in matrigel matrix. The procession of neurite outgrowth and cell colony growth were observed by inverted microscope. Areas of cell colonies and neurites were quantitated using Image pro plus software. ResultsThe cancer cells migrated to DRG and grew around the neurites in the L1CAM-NC/DRG group, which was not observed in the L1CAM-shRNA/DRG group. On day 3 and 5 of co-culture, the area of cell colonies in the L1CAM-shRNA/DRG group was significantly less than that in L1CAM-NC/DRG group (P<0.01); however, there was no difference in neurite outgrowth between the two groups. ConclusionIt is demonstrated that down-regulation of L1CAM can suppress the perineural invasion of Capan-2 cells in vitro by inhibiting cell proliferation and migration.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of Jinlida granules on the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the kidney, heart and abdominal aorta of experimental diabetic rats, so as to explore the possible mechanism by which Jinlida granules protect the kidney and cardiovascular system. MethodsThe rats were randomized into 2 groups: normal contronl group (CON group, n=l0) and diabetic model group (n=20). Rats in the control group were fed with regular chow; those in the diabetic model group were fed with high-fat diet for 4 weeks, and then were administered with streptozotocin (STZ; 30 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection to induce diabetic model. Successful diabetic models were further randomized into two groups with 10 in each: Jinlida granules treatment group (DM + JLG group) and non-treatment group (DM group). Rats in DM+JLG group were given Jinlida granules orally (3 g/kg per day) for 8 weeks. AngiotensinⅠ(AngⅠ) and angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the homogenates of the kidney, heart and abdominal aorta; the protein expression of angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor (AT1R) and angiotensin Ⅱ type 2 receptor (AT2R) was detected by Western blotting analysis. ResultsCompared with CON group, the kidney mass/body mass(KM/BM), heart mass/body mass (HM/BM), blood glucose (BG), and 24-hour urine proteins (24 h UP) were significantly increased in the DM group (P<0.05), the BM was significantly decreased(P<0.05), and the expression of AngⅠ, AngⅡ, AT1R and AT2R in the kidney, heart and abdominal aorta were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with DM group, the KM/BM and 24 h UP in DM + JLG group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the BM was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the expression of AngⅠ, AngⅡ, AT1R and AT2R in the kidney, heart and abdominal aorta were significantly decreased (P<0.05). ConclusionJinlida granules can decrease the levels of AngⅠ, AngⅡ, AT1R and AT2R in the kidney, heart and abdominal aorta of diabetic rats, which is beneficial for protecting the kidney and cardiovascular system.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo observe the protective effect of atorvastatin against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats and to discuss the possible mechanism. MethodsThirty-six healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were evenly randomized into three groups: sham-operated (S) group, ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) group, and atorvastatin pretreatment (AT+I/R) group. The myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model was established by ligating the left anterior descending of coronary artery. The infarcted area was evaluated by Evans blue and triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. The contents of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) and total superoxide dismutase(TSOD) activity in the non-infarcted myocardial tissues were measured by radioimmunoassay; the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and the activities of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and inducible NOS(iNOS) were detected by colorimetric method. ResultsThe ratio of the infarcted area to the ischemia area (ischemia but non-infarcted area+infarcted area) and the ratio of the infarcted area to the left ventricular area in group AT+I/R were both significantly lower than those in group I/R ( \[29.4±8.4)% vs

Abstract:ObjectiveTo observe the effect of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) on the SP-induced smooth muscle contractility of gastric body and gastric fundus, so as to investigate the role of BTX-A in the binding between SP and NK1 receptor. MethodsMuscle strips were prepared from gastric body and gastric fundus and were randomly divided into control group, SP group, SP+APTL-SP (NK1 receptor antagonist) group, BTX-A group, BTX-A+SP group, and SP+BTX-A group. The contractility data were recorded by physiological experimental system of Biolap420E. ResultsSP significantly enhanced the tension and amplitude of gastric body contractility and the tension of gastric fundus contractility (P<0.01). APTL-SP signficantly inhibited SP-induced smooth muscle contractility tension in gastric body and gastric fundus (P<0.01). BTX-A significantly inhibited the smooth muscle contractility amplitude in gastric body and gastric fundus (P<0.01). BTX-A significantly inhibited SP-induced smooth muscle contractility, including the tension (P<0.05, 0.01) and amplitude (P<0.01) in the gastric body and gastric fundus. After BTX-A treatment, SP did not enhance the smooth muscle contractility of the gastic body and gastric fundus in vitro. ConclusionSP can enhance the spontaneous contractility of smooth muscle in the gastric body and gastric fundus; BTX-A can inhibit SP-induced smooth muscle contractility of both gastric body and gastric fundus.

Abstract:Objective To construct the lentiviral vector carrying shRNA of mouse dynactin-1 and to identify its knockdown efficiency of dynactin-1 by infecting mouse podocytes. MethodsThree pairs of shRNA targeting mouse dynactin-1 were synthesized and subcloned into BglⅡ-HindⅢ digested pENTR/pTER entry vectors. Then the entry vectors were transferred into pLenti X2 Puro destination vector by LR Clonase reaction. All the constructs were verified by restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing. The pLentiX2 Puro/dynactin-1-shRNA vectors and the packaging vectors were co-transfected into 293FT cells to produce dynactin-1-shRNA lentiviruses, which were used to transfect podocytes and the cells were screened by puromycin resistance. The expression of dynactin-1 protein in podcytes was analyzed by Western blotting analysis. ResultsRestriction enzyme digestion and sequencing analysis confirmed that the dynactin-1-shRNA lentivirus vector was successfully constructed. The podocyte cell lines stably expressing dynactin-1-shRNA were obtained by puromycin selection. Western blotting analysis indicated that dynactin-1 protein expression was down-regulated by dynactin-1-shRNA lentiviral vector in podocytes. ConclusionWe have successfully constructed lentiviral vector of dynactin-1-shRNA, which can effectively down-regulate dynactin-1 protein expression, providing a basis for further studying the role of dynactin-1 in podocytes.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo study the activities of different gene promoters in colon cancer stem cells and to search for effective promoter for targeted therapy of colon cancer stem cells. MethodsCD133+CD44+ cells were sorted from cell line HCT116 by flow cytometry. Nanog, Muc1 and Survivin gene promoters were amplified by PCR and were separately cloned into pGL3-basic plasmid. pGL3-basic-promoter plasmid or pGL3-basic-control plasmid together with plasmid pRL-sv40 were co-transfected into colon cancer cell lines (HCT116,SW620, and HT29), CD133+CD44+ HCT116 cells, and normal human liver cell line QSG7701. And then promoter activity was examined by dual-luciferase assays. ResultsThe constructed pGL3-basic-Nanog, pGL3-basic-Muc1 and pGL3-basic-Survivin were confirmed correct by sequencing. We found that 42.2% of HCT116 cells were CD133+CD44+ cells. Dual-luciferase activity detection showed that Muc1 and Survivin promoters had strong activities in both colon cancer cells and CD133+CD44+ HCT116 cells, and they had low activities in normal cells QSG7701. ConclusionSurvivin and Muc1 promoters may serve as effective candidate for targeted treatment of colon cancer stem cells.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the changes of apoptosis-related proteins Fas,Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 expression in rat brain during morphine addiction. MethodsA total of 48 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 190-210 g, were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=16): chronic morphine-dependent group, chronic morphine-abstinent group and control group. The rats in dependent group and abstinent group were chronically treated with morphine for 13 days to establish morphine dependent model. In the abstinent group, the withdrawal syndromes were induced with intraperitoneal injection of naloxone 5 mg/kg for 30 min. The control group was injected with normal saline. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analysis were used to examine the expression of Fas, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 proteins. ResultsCompared with the control group, the other two groups had significantly increased expression of Fas and Caspase-3 (P<0.01) and significantly decreased expresssion of Bcl-2 (P<0.01) in the hippocampal synapse. ConclusionIt is demonstrated that long term use of morphine can promote abnormal neuronal apoptosis in rat brain by enhancing the expression of pro-apoptotic Fas, Caspase-3 and decreasing the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, which might be one of the mechanisms for opiate-induced neuronal damage.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo balance the covariates by propensity score matching for better evaluating the efficiencies of surgery resection (SR) and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for treatment of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. MethodsA total of 350 early-stage HCC patients treated by SR(192 cases) or TACE (158 cases) were collected from Shandong Tumor Hospital(2003 to 2011). Propensity score caliper matching was used to balance the covariance between the two groups. And then the matched data were subjected to survival analysis and the survival rates were compared between the two groups. ResultsThe covariates were imbalanced before matching; the 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-year survival rates and the median survival time of SR group were 80.92%, 49.44%, 33.73%, 19.72%, and 2.00 years, respectively; those of TACE group were 80.02%, 53.92%, 31.21%, 13.42%, and 2.40 years, respectively; and log-rank test showed no significant differences in the survival rates between the two treatment groups (P=0.710 8). The covariates were balanced after matching; the 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-year survival rates and the median survival time of SR group were 84.22%, 57.68%, 36.80%, 24.09%, and 2.50 years, respectively; those of TACE group were 73.84%, 47.26%, 28.31%, 10.69%, and 2.00 years, respectively; and log-rank test showed significant difference in the survival rates between the two groups (P=0.018 2). The survival rate of SR group was higher than that of TACE group. ConclusionAfter reducing the confounding bias by Propensity score matching method, SR showes a better efficiency for early HCC patients compared with TACE.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo analyze the mental health status and its influencing factors in the elderly living in Xi’an communities, so as to bring forth countermeasures to improve their mental health. MethodsConvenience sampling was used to select 310 residents aged 60 years or above from 2 communities in Xi’an, and the subjects were surveyed by a self-designed questionnaire. The survey included social demographic characteristics, social support, disability, chronicdisease costs, physical exercises, mental health problems and the coping methods. Univariate chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with mental health of the elderly. ResultsQuestionnaires with uncompleted answers or suspected unreal answers were excluded. Totally 304 effective questionnaires were collected, with the effective rate being 98.1%. The prevalence of mental disorders was 27.1% in the present study. Chi-square tests showed that the chronicdisease costs, disability, social support and physical exercises were the influencing factors of the mental health status. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that medical insurance, chronicdisease costs, social support and physical exercises were important factors influencing the mental health of the elderly. ConclusionIt is important to emphasize the spiritual support for the aging population and the fading family support in China. We should improve the social support for the elderly and build up mental supporting services so as to improve their mental health.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between plasma content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and fatigue among college students. MethodsA total of 65 healthy voluntary subjects were recruited from a university in Guangzhou. Plasma samples were collected and PUFAs levels were determined by gas chromatography (GC). The temperature program ramped from 170℃ to 210℃ at 3℃ per minute for 6 minutes, then from 210℃ to 230℃ at 10℃ per minute for 46 minutes. The examination items included: linoleic acid (LA), arachidonic acid (AA), α-linolenic acid (α-LNA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Acid catalysis method was used for catalyzing methyl esterification of fatty acid, and an internal standard method using heptadecanoic acid was adopted for direct and quick determination of PUFAs in plasma. Fatigue sub-scale of brief profile of mood states (BPOMS) was used for fatigue evaluation. ResultsSignificant gender difference was found in AA levels among the subjects (P<0.01) and no gender difference was found for fatigue score (P>0.05). Levels of α-LNA were negatively correlated with the fatigue score among males, females and all the subjects (r=-0.454 3, r=-0.342 2, and r=-0.367 4, all P<0.05). The subjects were divided into a high-score group (n=33) and a low-score group (n=32) according to fatigue scores. And we found that the α-LNA levels and intake frequencies of eggs and nuts were significantly different between the high-score group and the low-score group( P<0.01 or P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis for the factors of fatigue (Y) showed that only α-LNA (X) entered the model after adjusting, with the regression equation being: Y=10.256 1-0.029 35 X (t=2.59, P=0.090 8). ConclusionFatigue is common among college students, and it is negatively correlated with the α-LNA level. Students should develop a scientific diet and take more food rich in ω-3 fatty acid, especially in α-LNA so as to effectively prevent and alleviate fatigue.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo explore the value of color Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of the brucellosis testicular epididymitis. MethodsThe brucellosis testicular epididymitis group included 35 male patients aged 24-68 years old (\[44.9±13.0\] years), who had scrotal swelling and pain for the first time and were clinically diagnosed as having brucellosi. The control group was composed of 30 healthy male volunteers aged 21-65 years old (\[43.0±11.6\] years). All the subjects received the right scrotal ultrasound examination, including the testis volume, caput and cauda epididymidis thickness, blood flow velocity of testicular artery and resistance index. The data of the two groups were statistically analyzed and compared. ResultsCompared with the control group, the brucellosis testicular epididymitis group had significantly increased testicular volume (P=0.010) and thickened caput and cauda epididymidis (P=0.008,0.007). Moreover, the testicular artery peak systolic velocity and end diastolic velocity in the brucellosis testicular epididymitis group were significantly increased (P=0.000) and the resistance index was significantly decreased (P=0.000). ConclusionFor patients with scrotal swelling and pain, ultrasound examination can provide evidence for diagnosis of brucellosis testicular epididymitis when combined with exposure history to sick animals and livestock, helping to prevent serious complications.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence of colorectal cancer (de novo tumor \[DNT\] and neoplasm recurrence in colorectum) in liver transplantation recipients and to discuss its risk factors,diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 982 patients undergoing liver transplantation from May 1996 to March 2011. Results(1) Among the 483 nontumorous recipients 391 lived for more than one year. Three patients developed DNT (two colon carcinoma and one rectal cancer), with the total incidence rate being 0.76%(3/391)．The two patients with colon carcinoma died 6 and 3 months after operation and the patient with rectal cancer has lived for 10 months after resection. (2) Totally 140 of the 499 tumorous recipients had tumor recurrence after transplantation, with the recurrence rate being 28.06%. Three (2.14%) patient had colon cancer recurrence, and they all received reoperation and died at 14, 4, and 7 months after recurrence. ConclusionThe DNT and neoplasm recurrence in colorectums is not frequent after liver transplantation, but they have a very poor prognosis. Early diagnosis and treatment are the keys to improve the prognosis. Regular coloscopy examination is of great significance for diagnosis and should be done routinely after liver transplantation.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo discuss the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of primary tracheobronchial amyloidosis. MethodsWe retrospectively studied 50 primary tracheobronchial amyloidosis cases reported in Chinese literature during 1989-2012 and one in our hospital. The clinical information, symptoms, imaging findings, endoscopic manifestations and treatment were analyzed. ResultsThe patient in our hospital was admitted due to “short breath”. Chest CT , bronchoscopy and pulmonary function examination were done; bronchoscopy biopsy specimen confirmed the diagnosis of PTA; and the patients responded to cyclophosphamide treatment. The main clinical symptoms of the 50 patients included cough (96%, 48/50), short breath (70%,35/50), sputum (66%,33/50), fever (24%,12/50), and hemoptysis (22%,11/50). Thickening of lung markings (45.5%,15/33)was the most common chest X-ray finding; airway wall thickening and stenosis (76.2%,32/42) was the most common CT manifestation; and the most common endoscopic finding was also airway wall thickening and stenosis (40.8%,20/49), followed by mucosal congestion and edema (32.7%,16/49). Obstructive ventilatory dysfunction was found to be the major problem during pulmonary function tests. The diagnoses in 47(94%) patients were confirmed by bronchoscopic biopsy. Twenty-one literatures reported complications in 3 cases and misdiagnosis in 24 cases. Forty-two of the 50 patients received drug treatment, bronchoscopic interventional therapy, external beam radiation therapy and surgical treatment, and they responded well.ConclusionPrimary tracheobronchial amyloidosis is rare and is prone to be misdiagnosed. Correct diagnose needs pathological examination and currently there is no specific treatment for it.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo understand the thickness of each section of the pelvic loop and the positions of the peripheral large vessels and nerves, so as to provide evidence for the screw fixation of pelvic fractures. MethodsA total of 74 normal osseous specimens of the pelvis (male 40 cases, female 34 cases) were selected for the present study. Pelvic center was taken as the dot, and the thickness of the pelvic bone along the pelvis line were measured in the clockwise direction. Thirty 30 CT images of normal pelvis were used to measure the bone thickness of the pelvic loop in the same manner. Moreover, cadaver specimens were also dissected and the position line of the peripheral large vessels and nerves of the pelvic loop were observed in the clockwise direction. Results(1) The thicknesses (mm) of the pelvic bone along the pelvis line（from 0:00 \[12:00\] to 6:00) were 25.36±3.03 (female 24.48±2.16), 32.59±7.21 (female 22.88±2.13), 24.06±2.89 (female 20.40±2.07), 44.12±3.97(female 37.55±3.60), 27.88±2.36 (female 22.68±2.26), 13.80±2.14 (female 10.22±2.05), and 15.04±2.31 (female 13.53±2.22), respectively; and the results of CT measurement were 25.44±2.95, 30.45±7.14, 24.49±2.74, 44.35±4.21, 27.66±2.12, 14.06±1.86 and 15.85±2.15, respectively. (2)Based on the clockwise scale, the positions of the main vessels and nerves around the pelvic loop were as follows: the positions of the femoral nerves and the femoral arteries and veins were between 4:00 and 4:30 on the left and between 7:00 and 7:30 on the right; the positions of obturator nerve vessels were between 4:30 and 5:00 on the left and between 7:00 and 7:30 on the right. ConclusionWhen pelvic center is taken as the dot, it is simple and practical to determine the position of each point of the pelvis and the large vessels and nerves in the clockwise direction. The thickness of each part of the pelvic loop is important to guide screw internal fixation of the pelvic fracture.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo study the metastasis frequencies and areas of solitary bronchioloalveolar carcinoma(BAC) of different diameters, so as to guide the intraoperative lymph node dissection. MethodsA total of 137 patients with pathologically-confirmed solitary BAC received surgical treatment. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to tumor diameters: ≤2 cm group,2-3 cm group,and >3 cm group. The N1 and N2 lymph node metastasis rates of the 3 groups were analyzed. ResultsThe N1 lymph node metastasis rates were significantly different between the 3 groups (P<0.05); for tumors with greater diameter, the tenth group lymph nodes should be completely dissected. The N2 lymph node metastasis rates were not significantly between the 3 groups (P<0.05). ConclusionThe tumor diameter of BAC may be used to guide the dissection extent of N1 group lymph nodes, but not that of N2 group lymph nodes.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo observe the effects of porcine pulmonary surfactant(PPS) on the function of pulmonary alveolar macrophages(AMs) in vitro, so as to explore the mechanism by which PPS treating pulmonary contusion in rats. MethodsAMs were separated by adherent culture from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of rats with pulmonary contusion. The AMs were then cultured with media containing PPS (100 μg/ml or 200 μg/ml), LPS (20 μg/ml)+PPS (100 μg/ml or 200 μg/ml), or LPS (20 μg/ml) alone for 2 h. Then the phagocytic function of AMs in each group was examined with fungus. TNF-α mRNA was determined by RT-PCR in AMs of each group. AMs untreated with PPS and LPS were taken as blank control. ResultsThe phagocytic function of the AMs and the expression of TNF-α mRNA were not significantly affected by PPS alone compared with the control group. LPS stimulation increased the phagocytic function of AMs and the TNF-α mRNA expression in AMs. PPS showed no significant effect on LPS-induced increase of phagocytic function of AMs, but it could greatly inhibit LPS-induced TNF-α mRNA increase. ConclusionPPS has no noticeable effect on the phagocytic function of the AMs, but it can inhibit TNF-α mRNA expression induced by LPS in AMs.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the safety and early efficacy of the cryosurgery ablation combined with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for treatment of prostate cancer with middle leaf protruding into the bladder. MethodsTwo prostate cancer patients with middle leaf protruding into the bladder were treated by rectal ultrasound-guided argon-hilium percutaneous cryoablation combined with TURP. The prostate specific antigen (PSA) was examined and CT or MRI was performed two months after cryoablation. ResultsThe operation was successfully performed in both cases, with the operation time, rewarming time, and bleeding volumes being 115 min/110 min, 50 min/52 min, and 20 ml/15 ml, respectively. There was no hematuresis or Foley catheter blockage in the two cases, and the urinary catheters were successfully removed two weeks after operation, with no urine retention or urinary incontinence. Preoperative and postoperative (2 months later) pelvic CT or MRI scans showed that the prostatic volume was greatly reduced and the middle leaf protruding into the bladder disappeared. PSA levels were 0.909 ng/ml and 0.26 ng/ml two months after operation. ConclusionCryosurgery ablation of the prostate combined with TURP is safe and effective for treatment of prostate cancer with the middle leaf protruding into the bladder.

Abstract:Hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) are adult stem cells with self-renewing, high proliferation and multi-directional differentiation abilities. HPCs are closely associated with liver regeneration and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This article reviews recent research progress in biological characteristics, source, location of HPCs and the roles of various HPCs signalings in the proliferation, differentiation and development of HCC.

Abstract:Bronchial asthma is a chronic airway allergy disease involving the imbalance of Th1/Th2. Th2 shift is one of the primary causes of asthma. Recent studies have found that T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain molecule 1 (TIM-1) play important roles in T cell activation and Th1/Th2 differentiation in asthma, which has been intensively reported in recent researches. This article reviews the characteristics of TIM-1 gene and its role in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma.

Abstract:Pancreatic pain caused by chronic pancreatitis is often difficult to cure by current therapy. Such pain mechanism still remains unclear. Although the increase of pressure on the duct and solid tissue is the main cause of pancreatitis pain,enough evidence has showed that the neuropathic pain is a very important reason. In addition,recent studies have confirmed that the center of spinal cord above and higher centers in the brain play important roles in the maintenance of pancreatitis pain. This review focuses on the peripheral and central pathogeneses in the development and maintenance of chronic pancreatitis pain.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo discuss the appropriate dose of bortezomib for treatment of elderly patients with multiple myeloma (MM) by evaluating the curative effects and toxicity of two different doses of bortezomib (1.0 mg/m2 and 0.7 mg/m2). MethodsTwenty-six MM patients aged ≥60 years old received reduced-dose of bortezomib from June 2006 to January 2012, with 16 receiving a dose of 1.0 mg/m2 and the other 10 receiving a dose of 0.7 mg/m2 .The curative effects and the adverse events were observed. ResultsAfter the first course of treatment 13 patients responsed in the 1.0 mg/m2 group and 8 in the 0.7 mg/m2 group. After the second course of treatment 9 patients still responsed in the 1.0 mg/m2 group and 5 in the 0.7 mg/m2 group, with no significant difference found between the two groups (P>0.05). The main adverse effects of bortezomib treatment included digestive symptoms, peripheral neuropathy, thrombocytopenia and infection, with no significant difference found between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Bortezomib-based regimens at 1.0 mg/m2 and 0.7 mg/m2 are safe and effective for elderly MM patients; if the dose 1.0 mg/m2 can not be tolerated, 0.7 mg/m2 can be chosen.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo improve our knowledge on the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of apical ballooning syndrome (ABS) complicated with asthma. Methods and resultsA 73 year-old female patient, with a 10-year history of asthma and a 4-year history of recurrent chest distress, was admitted due to chest distress, cough for 15 days and chest pain for 7 hours.Coronary arteriography during emergent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) showed a 40% stenosis in the anterior descending artery, and stenosis was not found in other vessels.Left ventriculographic showed apical ballooning, echocardiography showed a 35% left ventricular ejection fraction, and the patient was diagnosed as having ABS with asthma. The cardiac function gradually recovered after symptom-targeted treatment. Literatures showed that it was difficult to distinguish between ABS and acute myocardial infarction; the treatments and prognoses of them were very different. When acute left ventricular failure was complicated with ABS and asthma, it was difficult to distinguish from pulmonary asthma and the treatment was very different. ConclusionClinicians should improve the knowledge of ABS and put more emphasis on differential diagnosis so as to make the right treatment decision.

Abstract:ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effects of nanometer calcium phosphate ceramic artificial bone (NCPCAB) in percutaneous kyphoplasty for treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. MethodsTotally 33 cases of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were selected in the present study. All cases were injected with NCPCAB for percutaneous kyphoplasty via bilateral transpedicular balloon approach. Anterior vertebral reset rate and kyphosis correction rate were calculated after treatment. The visual analogue scales (VAS) were observed preoperatively and postoperatively. The changes of blood pressure and SPO2 were observed preoperatively, at injection of the artificial bone, 5 min after injection and at the end of surgery. ResultsThe postoperative vertebra reduction rate and kyphosis correction rate were (24.90±3.02)% and (45.80±7.13)%, respectively. The pain was greatly reduced after operation. The blood pressure was stable after injection of the artificial bone, and SPO2 was not markedly different at each time point. ConclusionApplication of NCPCAB in percutaneous kyphoplasty is safe and effective for treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, with little influence on the vital signs of patients.

Abstract:粉螨(Acaroid mites)隶属于粉螨亚目,包括粉螨科(Acaridae)、脂螨科(Lardoglyphidae)、食甜螨科(Glycyphagidae)、嗜渣螨科(Chortoglyphidae)、果螨科(Carpoglyphidae)、麦食螨科(Pyroglyphidae)和薄口螨科(Histiostomidae)等7个科。粉螨及其分泌物、排泄物和死亡螨体的裂解物等都具有变应原性,人类吸入后可引起多种过敏性疾病,如哮喘、过敏性鼻炎、变应性球结膜炎、特应性皮炎和荨麻疹等\[1-2\]。曾有学者对学校、饭店、娱乐场所和医院病房空调隔尘网的粉螨孳生情况进行调查,结果 显示其孳生率甚高\[3\]。为进一步了解与人们日常生活最为密切的居室粉螨污染情况,我们于2011年4月至11月对安徽淮南地区居室的空调隔尘网粉螨孳生情况进行了调查,现将结果 报告如下。

Abstract:致病性自由生活棘阿米巴(Acanthamoeba sp.)广泛存在于土壤、水、空气、腐败物等自然环境中,某些虫种可引起人体棘阿米巴性角膜炎(acanthamoeba keratitis,AK)和肉芽肿性阿米巴性脑炎(granulomatous amoebic encephalitis, GAE)[1-2]。棘阿米巴不仅可直接对人体致病,还可作为部分致病性细菌的宿主,如军团菌 (Legionella pneumophila)、肺炎衣原体(Chlamydia pneumoniae)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli O157)、分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium marinum)等[3-5]。

Abstract:精液质量是评估男性生育功能的基本项目之一,目前普遍认为,精液的状态存在一定的地区性差异。包华琼等[1]对重庆部分地区男性精液调查发现,精液质量水平随长江流向呈现地区性差异。宁夏回族自治区(宁夏)地处我国西北,属于高原和干旱地带,有着自身特色的生态特征,在人类的生殖健康方面同样也具有自身的特点。我们对宁夏不育男性精子的质量进行了研究,现报告如下。

Abstract:1病例资料患者,男性,58岁,因主诉 “间断乏力12年,发现肝占位1个月”入院。患者于2000年开始感觉全身乏力,诊断为病毒性肝炎(活动性乙肝)。2006年再次入院,查CT示肝硬化,腹水。给予保肝利尿等对症治疗后,患者好转出院。2010年患者在当地医院查腹部CT,结果 示:肝S2、S5占位,疑为肝癌。后于我院查腹部MRI:肝右叶前上段以及肝左叶外上段占位,考虑肝癌、腹水、脾大。随后两年患者在我院先后5次行介入治疗。于2012年2月15日行肝癌介入治疗后出现寒战、高热,无恶心、呕吐,无咳嗽、咳痰等不适。