Abstract:Objective To study the mechanism of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) signal transduction by identifying the critical amino acid in TLR7 Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain. Methods We carried out a series of truncating mutagenesis and site-direct mutagenesis to obtain TLR7 mutants. These TLR7 mutants were transfected into HEK293T cells. NF-κB signal pathway activation was determined by the reporter gene assay. Immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting were employed to determine the binding between TLR7 and MyD88. Results We identified a RXR signal motif with two arginines at position 1004 and 1006, which plays a significant role in TLR7 signal transduction. We further demonstrated that only the arginine at position 1004 could affect the binding between TLR7 and MyD88. Conclusion We conclude that the arginine at position 1004 of human TLR7 is critical for its binding with MyD88 in signal transduction.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the potential role of the pore-formation in the hemolytic activity of tentacle-only extract (TOE) from the jellyfish Cyanea capillata. Methods The effects of various cations, including K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Fe2+ , La3+and NH4+ on the hemolytic activity of TOE were compared in two different test systems: 1% whole blood and 0.45% erythrocyte suspension with the same erythrocyte concentration. Results The hemolytic activities of TOE in both tests were inhibited by Mn2+, Zn2+, La3+, Cu2+ and Fe2+, and were promoted to a minor extent by K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and NH4+. The chelating agent EDTA also inhibited the hemolytic activity of TOE. Conclusion The pore-formation mechanism might play an important role in the hemolytic activity of TOE.

Abstract:Objective To construct a recombinant adenovirus vector carrying hSulf-1 gene and to investigate its effect on the proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Methods The hSulf-1 protein was inserted into adenovirus genome to generate recombinant adenovirus Ad5-hSulf1, and then the virus was used to infect ECV-304 cell line. The expression of hSulf-1 protein was detected by Western blotting analysis, the cell viability was examined by MTT assay, and the cell migration ability was evaluated by wound-healing assay in ECV-304 cells. Results The recombinant adenovirus Ad5-hSulf1 was successfully constructed. Western blotting analysis showed that over-expression of hSulf1 down-regulated the phosphorylation levels of Akt and ERK in ECV-304 cells. MTT assay showed that over-expression of hSulf1 inhibited the proliferation of ECV-304 cells, with the cell survival rate decreased to (68.49±0.05)% at MOI of 50 pfu/ml and (67.78±0.06)% at MOI of 100 pfu/ml(P<0.05). Wound-healing assay showed that over-expression of hSulf1 significantly inhibited the migration of ECV-304 cells compared with the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion The recombinant adenovirus Ad5-hSulf1-mediated hSulf-1 over-expression can markedly inhibit the proliferation and migration of ECV-304 cells, laying a foundation for hSulf-1 related gene therapy of tumor and angiogenesis-associated diseases.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the expressions of COX-2, p-ERα and CYP1B1 in human breast cancer tissues and ERα-positive human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, and to investigate the influence of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 \[1,25(OH)2D3\] on proliferation, cell cycle transformation, and CYP1B1 protein expression in MCF-7 cells. Methods Immunohistochemical method was applied to examine the expressions of COX-2, p-ERα and CYP1B1 protein in 42 breast cancer tissues, and their association was analyzed. The effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on MCF-7 cell proliferation was investigated by MTT assay and the optimal concentration of 1,25(OH)2D3 was determined for the following experiment. The cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry and COX-2 mRNA expression in MCF-7 cells was measured by RT-PCR. PGE2 level was detected by ELISA in the culture supernatant. The expression of COX-2, p-ERK, p-ERα and CYP1B1 protein was determined by Western blotting analysis and the distribution of COX-2, p-ERα and CYP1B1 expression in MCF-7 cells was examined by immune cell fluorescence. Results COX-2, p-ERα and CYP1B1 protein were positive in human breast cancer tissues and their expressions were positively correlated with each other(P<0.05).1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Treatment with 100 nmol/L 1,25(OH)2D3 for 72 h significantly arrested cell cycle in G0/G1 phase (P<0.05), decreased the expression of COX-2 mRNA in MCF-7 cells (P<0.05), decreased PGE2 level in the cell culture supernatant (P<0.01), and down-regulated p-ERK, p-ERα and CYP1B1 protein expression(P<0.05). Conclusion COX-2/PGE2 pathway plays a positive role in regulating CYP1B1 expression in breast cancer.1,25(OH)2D3 may inhibit the growth of MCF-7 cells and down-regulate CYP1B1 through COX-2/PGE2 pathway.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the effects of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2) pathway inhibitor U0126 on isopreterenol(ISO)-induced atrial fibrosis and connexin 40 (Cx40) remodeling in rats. Methods Thirty-two male SD rats were evenly randomized into control group, DMSO group, ISO (5 mg/\[kg·d\])+DMSO group (fibrosis group), and ISO (5 mg/\[kg·d\])+U0126 (0.5 mg/\[kg·d\])+DMSO group (U0126-treated group ). The corresponding reagents were given to each group once a day and the rats were killed and the myocardial tissues were collected after 7 d. The AngⅡcontents in the myocardial tissues were measured by radioimmunoassay; H-E staining and Masson staining were applied to measure the degree of atrial fibrosis; p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2, and Cx40 were detected by immunohistochemistry method. Results (1) The contents of AngⅡ were similar between control group (\[242.133±4.870\] ng/L) and DMSO (\[239.412±1.795\] ng/L) group (P>0.05). Compared with the above two groups, AngⅡ contents in fibrosis group (\[500.250±8.869\] ng/L)and U0126-treated group(\[498.695±9.340\]ng/L) were significantly increased (P all<0.01). (2) Control group and DMSO group had no atrial fibrosis; the degree of atrial fibrosis in U0126-treated group was significantly lower than that in the fibrosis group(P<0.01). (3) p-MEK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 expressions were similar in control group and DMSO group (P>0.05), and those in the fibrosis group were significantly increased compared with control group and DMSO group(P<0.01); the expression in U0126-treated group was similar to those in the control group and DMSO group(P>0.05), and was significantly decreased compared with the fibrosis group(P<0.01). (4) The contents of Cx40 were similar between control group and DMSO group (P>0.05), and Cx40 was distributed in myocardial cell intercalated disc in a linear manner. The content of Cx40 was significantly reduced(P<0.01) in the fibrosis group compared with the control group and DMSO group, with Cx40 distributed in disorder. The content of Cx40 in U0126-treated group was similar to that in the control group and DMSO group(P>0.05)and most of the Cx40 was linearly distributed in myocardial cell intercalated disc. Meanwhile, the reduce degree of Cx40 content in U0126-treated group was significantly decreased than that in the fibrosis group(P<0.01), and some Cx40 was linearly distributed in myocardial cell intercalated disc. Conclusion Long-term Ang Ⅱ elevation in myocardium may be involved in atrial fibrosis and Cx40 remodeling, and U0126 can efficiently improve atrial fibrosis and Cx40 remodeling by inhibiting the activation of ERK1/2 pathway.

Abstract:Objective To observe the expression of Wnt5a protein in different pancreatic tissues and to evaluate the role of Wnt5a in the carcinogenesis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC),so as to provide new clues for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer. Methods Immunohistochemical SP method was used to examine the expressions of Wnt5a protein in 21 normal pancreatic duct tissues,73 pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia(PanIN)-1 tissues,29 PanIN-2,16 PanIN-3 tissues,20 intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) adenoma (IPMA) tissues, 13 IPMN-borderline (IPMB) tissues, 19 IPMN-carcinoma (IPMC) tissues and 50 PDAC tissues. The correlation of Wnt5a expression with clinicopathologic characteristics and postoperative survival of PDAC patients was analyzed. Results Wnt5a expression increased with the progression of the lesions in the following order: NP(0)→PanIN-1(1.90±1.192)→PanIN-2(3.03±1.322)→PanIN-3(4.88±1.455) or NP(0)→IPMA(1.40±0.940)→IPMB (2.62±1.502)→IPMC (3.00±1.374),and PDAC(3.11±2.635). Wnt5a expression was significantly correlated with tumor proliferation activity,distant metastasis,TNM staging and postoperative survival (P<0.05). The median survival periods of PDAC patients with high and low Wnt5 expression were 15 months and 21 months,respectively(P=0.015).Conclusion Wnt5a is involved in the development and progression of PDAC. Enhancement of Wnt5a expression is an early event in PDAC; sustained or over-expression of Wnt5a may affect the proliferation, invasion and metastases of pancreatic cancer cells, and may indicate a poor prognosis.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate whether adjuvant transchatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) can reduce early recurrence of small hepatocellular carcinoma (SHCC) patients after surgical treatment using randomized controlled trial. Methods A total of 117 patients, who underwent radical hepatectomy from Sept. 2008 to Dec. 2009, were randomly divided into 2 groups. Fifty-nine patients (group A or TACE group) received adjuvant TACE one month after hepatectomy, and 58 (group B or control group) did not receive any adjuvant therapies. Follow-up was done regularly. The disease-free survival (DFS) time and recurrence rate within the following two years were analyzed. Results The median follow-up duration was 29 months in our study. Twenty-two recurrences happened within one year and all recurrences happened within two years. The mean DFS periods were (28.93±1.40) months (range: 5-29 months) and (26.94±1.62) months (range: 3-35 months) (P=0.443) in group A and B, respectively. The half-year, 1-year and 2-year recurrence rates of group A vs group B were 10.2% vs 13.8%, 20.3% vs 20.7%, 25.7% vs 31.2% (P=0.443), respectively. Univariate analysis showed that infection of HBV DNA, blood transfusion, Edmondson-Steiner grade and tumor diameter (3 cm as cut-off point) were correlated with tumor recurrence (P<0.05). Multivariate COX regression analysis indicated that HBV DNA, blood transfusion, and tumor diameter (3 cm as cut-off point) were independent factors of early recurrence. Conclusion Adjuvant TACE can not reduce early recurrence of SHCC with a low risk of recurrence, so it is not recommended as a routine therapy to prevent early tumor recurrence. Further study is needed to verify whether TACE can benefit the long-term recurrence and overall survival of patients.

Abstract:Objective To investigate quality of life (QOL) of living related kidney donors and recipients after renal transplantation. Methods The demographic, socioeconomic, transplantation process, data of QOL and psychosocial outcomes of 169 living related kidney donors and recipients were analyzed by self-made sociodemographic questionnaire, short form 36 health survey (SF-36), Zung self-rating anxiety(SAS) and depression scales(SDS). Results Most donors (81.8%, 90/110) and recipients (83.1%, 103/124) were with an education background of secondary school or lower; and 85.5%(94/110) of donors and 54.8%(68/124) of recipients had moderate- or low-incomes. The donors were predominantly females (61.8%, 68/110). A few donors (5.5%, 6/110) witnessed a negative impact on their marriage due to kidney donation. The evaluation results of the donors’ QOL were not significantly different from those of the Chinese norm, and they had no anxiety or depression after operation. The QOL of recipients was greatly improved compared with the patients on hemodialysis. There was slight anxiety (1.6%, 2/124) and depression (5.6%, 7/124) among recipients. Conclusion Living related kidney transplantation has no noticeable adverse effect on the lives and psychological aspects of donors and can significantly improve the lives of recipients. Careful donor selection, close follow-up and social support are recommended for them.

Abstract:Objective To determine the definitive upper limit for training with different intensities in heat-humid environment, so as to provide evidence for safe working in heat-humid environment. Methods Thirty male volunteers aged 18-23 years old who passed both health examination and physical agility test were selected from a total of 576 trainees.The body temperature, including 5-point temperatures on the skin, rectal temperature and mean body temperature calculated, were obtained before and after each training episode; the results were compared with previously reported.Then a regression equation on the mean body temperature was developed and point estimation was done subsequently. Results (1) We found that 35.83% of the subjects had a mean body temperature higher than the upper limit previously reported.(2) If ＾y was the mean body temperature, X1 was the temperature in environment, X2 was the humidity in environment, and X3 was the intensity of work, the regression equations was ＾y=14.247 68+0.604 67X1-0.018 29X2+0.343 53X3; and a table was developed according to related point estimation. (3) There were 11 person/times (2.49%) out of 441 person/times whose mean body temperature surpassed the dynamic upper limit according to the table. Conclusion The mean body temperature is related to the environment temperature, humidity and work intensity in the heat-humid environment.The table developed by point estimation of the regression equation may help to ensure safe working in heat-humid environment.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of nasogastric decompression after elective surgery for colon and rectum neoplasms. Methods A comprehensive search of Chinese and English-language medical literatures was performed to identify all published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the nasogastric decompression after elective surgery for colon and rectum neoplasms. Selection of literatures was done according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the clinical data were extracted from each trial to perform the meta-analysis. Results Six RCTs (736 patients) fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the present analysis, and most trials showed comparable characteristics in their patient groups at baseline. Patients in non-NGD group had a shorter recovery time of gastrointestinal function (WMD=-1.15,95%CI\[-1.87--0.43\],P=0.002), shorter hospital stay (WMD=-2.43,95%CI\[-3.75--1.10\],P=0.000 3), and less respiratory infection (RR=0.17,95%CI\[0.03-0.95\],P=0.04), though more vomiting (RR=2.12,95%CI\[1.19-3.78\],P=0.01). No significant differences were noted in wound infection (RR=0.76,95%CI\[0.29-1.99\],P=0.58)or nasogastric tube replacement (RR=1.85,95%CI\[0.89-3.88\],P=0.10).Conclusion It is safe to give up NGD after elective surgery for colon and rectum neoplasms; routine use of NGD is not necessary because it does no more benefits to patients but increases the complications such as respiratory infection.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of epidural neostigmine in management of labor pain. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about epidural neostigmine combined with local anesthetics or opioids (experimental group) versus local anesthetics or opioids alone (control group) in management of labor pain were retrieved from Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, Wanfang Database, CNKI, and CBMdisc from the date of their establishment to September 2011. The methodological quality of included RCTs was evaluated by two reviewers independently, and meta-analysis was conducted with the included RCTs using RevMan 5.1.4 software. Continuous variables were dealt with mean difference and 95% confidence interval(CI), and the dichotomous variables were dealt with odd ratio and 95% CI. Results We identified 4 RCTs including 282 patients. The results of meta-analyses showed that the values of visual analogue scale (VAS) were significantly lower in the experimental group compared with the control group

Abstract:Objective To obtain knowledge about aggressive behavior and interpersonal attribution of senior primary school students, and to explore the relationship between them. Methods Stratified random sampling was used to conduct a questionnaire survey in students of the fourth grade, fifth grade and sixth grade. The students were surveyed about their general situation and by aggressive behavior scale and interpersonal attribution scale. The relation between aggressive behavior and interpersonal attribution was analyzed using multiple linear regression. Results The score of aggressive behavior of male students was significantly higher than that of female students; the total, physical aggression, anger and hostility scores of male students of the fourth and fifth grades were significantly higher than those of sixth grade(P<0.05). The total, physical aggression, verbal aggression, indirect aggression and anger scores of female student of the fifth and sixth grades were significantly higher than those of the fourth grade(P<0.05). The interpersonal attribution score of male students was significantly higher than that of female students(P<0.05). The fortune score of male students of the fourth, fifth grades were significantly higher than that of the sixth grade(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in interpersonal attribution scores in female students of different grades(P>0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that scores of situation factor of external control and fortune were both positively correlated with scores of total aggressive behavior, physical aggression, indirect aggression, anger and hostility when gender and grade were adjusted(P<0.05); the scores of effort factor of internal control and situation factor of external control had a positive correlation with score of verbal aggression(P<0.05). Conclusion The aggressive behavior of senior primary school students is mainly correlated with the external control factors of interpersonal attribution. Students with higher score of external control factors have a higher score of aggressive behavior, suggesting that the intervening measures should be taken to change the interpersonal attribution style to prevent aggressive behavior among these students.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the characteristics of autonomic nervous responses to down-regulating emotion strategy in servicemen with different mental qualities and exposed to fear emotion. Methods Mental Quality Questionnaire of Armymen was employed to select participants from 841 servicemen from Chongqing, among whom 90 participants were randomly selected, including 30 with high mental quality, 30 with moderate mental quality and 30 with low mental quality. Fear emotion was elicited among them by watching 2 video clips, and an 8-channel bio-feedback instrument was used to record their autonomic nervous responses and the average recovery time by down-regulating emotion strategy. Results (1) When the cognitive-avoidance was employed, the blood volume pulse (BVP) in the low mental quality group ( \[5.47±6.33\] mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) was significantly higher than those in the moderate and high mental quality groups (\[1.26±2.54; 0.94±3.10\] mmHg), but the standard deviation of all normal intervals(SDNN) in the low mental quality group ( \[3.31±17.69 \] ms) was significantly lower than that in the high mental quality group ( \[52.23±47.30\] ms). (2)In the servicemen with high mental quality the recovery time of BVP (26.00±43.84) s\] was significantly higher by simply watching than those by expression-suppression (\[23.50±34.96\] s) and the cognitive-avoidance ( \[22.00±36.15 \]s). Meanwhile, the recovery time of skin conductance (SC) in high mental quality group (\[106.50±20.28\]s) was significantly higher than that in the low mental quality group( \[103.00±37.73\]s).(3)When the cognitive-avoidance strategy was used, the recovery time of SC was significantly longer in the high mental quality group (\[68.50±49.39\] s) than that in moderate ( \[106.50±24.95\]s ) and low mental quality groups ( \[118.00±4.22\]s). (4)There was no significant difference in autonomic nervous responses between the different mental quality groups when down-regulating modulation was used to reduce the fear emotion. Conclusion Cognitive-avoidance strategy is more beneficial for the servicemen with high mental quality receiving down-regulating modulation of the fear emotion. The ability to regulate the sympathetic nerve and parasympathetic nerve is stronger in servicemen with high mental quality level than those with moderate and low mental qualities.

Abstract:Objective To conduct item analysis on MMPI Prejudice Scale(Pr) and to develop a simplified version of the scale. Methods Pr and Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90) were used to examine 3,767 newly recruited soldiers. The difficulty degree and discrimination degree of each item of Pr were analyzed; the correlation between each item score and total score was analyzed; and a simplified version of Pr was developed based on the results of item analysis. The Cronbach’s α coefficient values of the original scale and the simplified scale were calculated, and the criterion validity was analyzed using SCL-90 as the validity criterion. For other samples, 16PF, EPQ, and SAS were tested and the simplified scale was also tested at the same time. Results The difficulty degrees of the original scale ranged 0.04-0.69, with those of 17 items being less than 0.20. The discrimination degree ranged 0.10-0.72, with those of 12 items being less than 0.30. The correlation coefficient of the item score and the total score ranged 0.19-0.60, with those of 9 items being less than 0.30. The simplified scale composed of 20 items with better quality. The Cronbach’s α coefficient values of the original scale and the short-versioned scale were 0.801 and 0.757, respectively. The total scores of both the original scale and the short-versioned scale were significantly correlated with the scores of SCL-90, with the correlation coefficient being above 0.38. The correlation coefficient between the score of the simplified scale and that of the original scale was 0.967. The correlation coefficient between the score of the simplified scale and those of 16PF, EPQ, SAS was significant. Conclusion The simplified scale in this study has a higher reliability and validity.

Abstract:Objective To study the effect of Danshen on the pharmacokinetics of Rosuvastatin in rats. Methods Parallel control method was applied in this study. Twelve male rats weighing (230±15) g were evenly randomized into two groups: rosuvastatin (80 mg/kg) group and Rosuvastatin plus Danshen (400 mg/kg) group. Blood samples (0.3 ml each) were collected from the orbital vein at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12 and 24 h after drug administration. LC-MS was used to determine the plasma concentrations of Rosuvastatin. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the two groups were compared and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS12.0 software. Results When combined with Danshen, the Cmax, AUC0-t, and AUC0-∞ of Rosuvastatin were increased by 60.81%, 88.00% and 82.92%,and T1/2 and CLz/F were reduced by 33.21% and 21.51%, respectively. Conclusion Danshen can affect the pharmacokinetic properties of Rosuvastatin in rats.

Abstract:Type 2 Diabetes (DM) has become a worldwide epidemic, and the treatment and management of DM have posed a great challenge. This review, taking the related health service system of USA as an example, introduces some key information on the changes of management mode of DM. In the new management mode, the patients, health service stuffs, community health stuffs, and the health system all participate. The patients possess full health knowledge, and the health service stuffs are initiated to provide better service, thus to provide effective management for DM and other diseases.

Abstract:One of the most challenging issues in the delivery of therapeutic proteins from PLGA-based microparticles is the stability and complete release of the protein in its native form. This review summarizes the methods to promote the stability and in vitro release of protein from PLGA-based microparticles. Protein stability is the precondition of complete release. One way to keep protein stability is to use stabilizer or modify protein to avoid denaturation and aggregation; another way is to avoid the pro-instability environment.

Abstract:Objective To construct a recombinant adenovirus encoding the Akt gene and to investigate its influence on the survival of hepatic cancer patients. Methods The Akt-wt and Akt-dn genes were subcloned into pacAd5 CMVK-NpA plasmid separately, and then the adenoviral recombinant adenovirus encoding the Akt gene was constructed with the RAPAdR○ CMV Adenoviral Expression System and was identified by PCR. The expression of Akt, GSK3β and p-GSK3β protein was detected by Western blotting analysis. SK-HEP-1 cells were infected with pacAd5 CMV-Akt-wt, pacAd5 CMV-Akt-dn and pacAd5 CMV-GFP, respectively. The cell survival was observed under fluorescence microscope after 24 h-starvation. Results pacAd5 CMV-Akt-wt and pacAd5 CMV-Akt-dn were enzymatically digested into two fragments(6 kb and 1.44 kb). PCR result of the viral supernatant yielded a band of about 1.44 kb. Western blotting analysis showed p-GSK3β expression in the Akt-wt group was stronger than that in the Akt-dn group. The survival rate of the SK-HEP-1 cells significantly decreased in the Akt-dn group than in the Akt-wt group. Conclusion We have successfully constructed the recombinant adenoviruses pacAd5-Akt-wt and pacAd5-Akt-dn, and they have pro-death effect in hepatic cancer cells, which paves a way for further studying Akt gene and the related signal pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the feasibility of using the ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy system (Mammotome) for diagnosis and minimally invasive resection of calcification in the breast. Methods Fourteen patients with breast calcification lesions who were diagnosed by mammography were resected by ultrasound-guided Mammotome system with 8G probe. The samples were subjected to mammography, followed by pathological examination. Results All the lesions were removed accurately and radically with satisfactory cosmetic outcomes; there were no clinically significant hematoma after operation. Each lesion was resected via (9±2.22) peelings and took a mean of (12.93±3.45) min．Pathological examination confirmed 2 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ, 5 cases of fibroadenoma, and 7 cases adenosis. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided Mammotome system can be used for diagnosis and treatment of breast calcification lesions which are ultrasound positive. The technique is accurate, time-saving, and mini-invasive, but it requires more experience and patience from the operators.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the efficacy of cimicifuga racemosa in reatment of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy. Methods Seventy 45-60 years old women, who had menopause for more than one year and symptoms of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy, were randomly divided into two groups: observation group(n=40) and placebo group(n=30). The observation group was given cimicifuga racemosa (remifemin) 20 mg twice a day for 12 weeks. The placebo group was given one calcium carbonate and vitamin D3 tablet twice a day for 12 weeks. The serum levels of follicle stimulation hormone (FSH) and estradiol (E2) and thickness of endometrium were examined before and after treatment. The vaginal pH value, maturation degree of vaginal exfoliated cells, and atrophic vaginitis evaluating score were used to assess the therapeutic effects. The adverse effects were recorded. Results In the observation group there were no significant differences in FSH and E2 levels and endometrium thickness before and after treatment (P>0.05). The vaginal pH value showed a decreasing tendency and the maturation degree of vaginal exfoliated cells showed an increasing tendency after treatment in the observation group, but there were no significant differences (P>0.05). The atrophic vaginitis evaluating score was significantly higher before treatment compared with that after treatment (6.0±0.6 vs 3.3±0.6, P<0.05). There were no adverse effects during the treatment. Conclusion The remifemin shows certain therapeutic effects for vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women.

Abstract:Objective To compare the glucose and lipid metabolism between high sucrose plus high fat diet-induced obese rats and diabetic rats prepared with the same feed combined with low-dose streptozotocin. Methods Six to eight weeks old SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group and high fat group, fed with normal diet and high sucrose plus high fat diet for 8 weeks, respectively. Eight weeks later HF group was further randomized into two groups: one is diabetic mellitus group(DM group) injected with low dose streptozotocin (30 mg/kg), the other is obese group(OB group). The animals were maintained on their diet and were observed for 4 weeks. The body weight, blood glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, fasting insulin, insulin sensitivity were examined. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and insulin release test were also performed. Results After treatment with high fat diet plus STZ injection, DM group gradually developed symptoms of excessive food & water consumption, polyuria and weight loss. At the end of the 12th week, the fasting blood glucose of DM group was significantly higher than that of the OB group (P<0.01 ) and the insulin sensitivity was significantly lower than that of the OB group (P<0.01 ). The rats of OB group presented impaired glucose tolerance and impaired insulin secretion, and DM group had more severely impaired glucose tolerance and impaired insulin secretion; and the serum total cholesterol, triglyceride levels in DM group were significantly higher than those in the OB group (P<0.01 ). Conclusion Continuous high sucrose-high fat diet can induce impaired glucose regulation, insulin secretion dysfunction and lipid metabolism disorders; high fat combined with STZ injection can further aggravate these disorders.

Abstract:胫骨平台SchatzkerⅠ、Ⅳ型骨折在下肢外伤中最为常见, 然而若同时合并前交叉韧带胫骨平台止点撕脱, 易被临床医师忽视。对于胫骨平台骨折合并前交叉韧带胫骨止点骨折处理的好坏直接影响到膝关节的功能恢复,其治疗目的在于使胫骨平台关节面达到或接近解剖复位, 修复膝关节韧带, 从而最大限度地恢复膝关节功能。随着运动医学理念和关节镜外科技术的逐渐普及,微创治疗胫骨平台骨折成为现代骨科技术发展的方向\[1-2\]。我院自2005年1月至2009年6月对17例胫骨平台骨折(SchatzkerⅠ、Ⅳ)合并前交叉韧带胫骨平台止点撕脱的患者在C臂机透视下采用胫骨平台空心加压螺钉固定, 同时在关节镜下对前交叉韧带胫骨止点骨折复位, 取得较好疗效, 现报告如下。

Abstract:患者,女性,56岁,因“全身多关节肿痛6个月,发热10余天”于2009年7月23日收住我院风湿免疫科。2009年1月患者无明显诱因出现双膝、双腕、肘、肩、踝、颞颌关节游走性肿痛,活动受限,伴晨僵,持续时间约15 min,休息后好转,偶有咳嗽咳痰,痰量少、色红、较黏稠,自服止痛药未见明显好转。2009年6月反复出现双下肢紫红色皮疹,皮疹大小不一,形态不规则,不高于周围皮肤,压之不褪色,伴瘙痒,无脱屑,数日后可自行褪去,不遗留色素沉着。2009年7月初开始出现午后低热,夜间体温最高可至38℃,伴头晕、头痛、畏寒、嗜睡,抗生素治疗效果不佳,病程中体质量减轻约6 kg。既往因心悸、乏力、消瘦、甲状腺功能异常确诊甲状腺功能亢进症3年余,长期口服丙基硫氧嘧啶(PTU) 150 mg/d治疗,2009年6月自行将PTU加量至250 mg/d治疗,甲亢症状控制可。体检:神清,左小腿内侧有一大小约4 cm×5 cm 紫红色皮疹(图1A),其上有抓痕。甲状腺Ⅱ度肿大。心、肺、腹未见明显异常。双膝关节略肿,伴压痛、活动受限,双腕、肘、肩关节压痛明显,无明显肿胀、皮肤发红。四肢肌力、肌张力未见明显异常,神经系统检查正常。