Abstract:Chronic infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the main cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in China. Anti-HBV treatment is the key to hepatitis B treatment, which can reduce the risk of HCC, but with unknown mechanism. During chronic inflammation, HBV can evolve into mutants with advantages for survival and carcinogenesis through "mutation-selection-adaption" under the stress of microenvironment in the organism. Therefore anti-HBV treatment to block the process of evolution is critical to prevent carcinogenesis. However, the current anti-HBV treatment may not give full play to cancer prevention due to the limitations of current antiviral agents and standard of treatment, which can partly explain some unexpected findings in clinical research. Based on the characteristics of the HBV-HCC evolution process, cancer prevention can be further improved by enhancing the specificity and rationality of antiviral treatment.

Abstract:Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-human DNA integration is a commonly seen event in the evolutionary process of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV chronic infection induces HBV mutation, HBV integration and the inflammatory microenvironment alternation in the hosts, which provides a evolutionary soil for the hepatocarcinogenesis. The second generation sequencing technique provides a better approach for understanding the HBV integration mechanism in HCC. This review focuses on the features of HBV integration and influences of HBV integration on human, virus genomes, and discusses the association of HBV integration with HCC.

Abstract:The process of carcinogenesis starts in the proinflammatory microenvironment and is abided by Darwinian evolution theory: mutation-selection-adaption; and the genetic basis of this process is the generation and accumulation of somatic mutations. Currently the molecular mechanisms of massive nucleotide alterations and natural selection of mutant cells under environment pressure still remain unclear. The apolioprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide (APOBEC) family of cytidine deaminases, which is transcriptionally induced by proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine, plays important roles in the innate and adaptive immunities of human organism. APOBECs can not only inhibit viral replication but also facilitate the generation of cancer-promoting viral mutants; they can also facilitate the generation of driver mutations in the host genes, thus contribute to the development of cancers. APOBECs, as hallmark enzymes bridging inflammation and cancer, play an important role in cancer evolution.

Abstract:The incidence of prostate cancer has been greatly increased in China and it has ranked the 5^th of the malignant tumors in Chinese males. Continuous environment stimulation causes chronic prostatic inflammation, and infiltration of inflammatory cytokines such as INF-γ, TNF-α, and TGF-β can cause damage and repair of prostatic tissues, leading to proliferative inflammatory atrophy(PIA). Then a small subset of cells will develop somatic genome alterations, including overexpression of MYC and the loss of NKX3.1 and PTEN, which can promote PIA into prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Androgen receptor mutation and ERG-TMPRSS2 fusion will drive progression of prostatic cancer.

Abstract:Darwin's Theory of Evolution: inherited variation, natural selection and adaption to survive in the environment is vividly manifested by the process of cancer cell evolution. For each step from precancerous lesion to cancer in situ and metastasis, cancer cells continuously mutate and subclones are selected by the pressure from tumor microenvironment. Cancer is characterized by heterogeneity, which is also a reflection of cancer cell evolution. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common tumors in urinary system and the incidence rate of RCC is rising in recent years. Because RCC is not sensitive to radiotherapy or chemotherapy, systemic targeted therapy is the only option for patients with advanced RCC. This paper reviews the significant molecular events during the evolution of RCC, revealing the high heterogeneity of RCC both in different patients and in the tumor itself. Understanding the characteristics of RCC evolution is a must to search specific molecular markers for early diagnosis and for practice of individualized therapy.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the impact of CYP3A5 and ABCB1 polymorphisms on the initial individualized treatment with tacrolimus (FK506) in renal transplant recipients during switching from cyclosporine (CsA) to FK506. Methods Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism method (PCR-RFLP) was employed to investigate CYP3A5 (A6989G) and ABCB1 (exon12[C1236T],exon21G[A]2677T and exon26[C3435T]) genotype data. The initial trough concentration/dose (C₀/D) values were compared among different CYP3A5 genotypes in renal transplant recipients switching from CsA to FK506 using one-way ANOVA. In addition, the initial C₀/D values were also compared among different ABCB1 (exon12[C1236T],exon21G[A]2677T and exon26[C3435T]) genotypes and their haplotypes using one-way ANOVA. Results The FK506 C₀/D values were significantly different between different CYP3A5 genotypes (AA, AG and GG) at the 7^th, 14^th, 21^th and 28^th day of conversion from CsA to FK506 in renal transplant recipients (P<0.05). Only on the 28^th day of conversion, when the FK506 D in CYP3A5AA group was 3.5-fold that of CYP3A5GG group([0.14±0.03] mg·kg^-1·d^-1 vs [0.04±0.01] mg·kg^-1·d^-1, P=0.00) and the FK506 D in CYP3A5AG group was 1.75-fold that of CYP3A5GG group([0.07±0.03] mg·kg^-1·d^-1 vs [0.04±0.01] mg·kg^-1·d^-1, P=0.00), the FK506 C₀ in different CYP3A5 genotypes reached the same target concentration. The initial FK506 C₀/D was not associated with different ABCB1 (exon12 [C1236T], exon21 G[A]2677T and exon26 [C3435T]) genotypes or their haplotypes in renal transplant recipients. Conclusion Appropriate initial daily dose of FK506 should be selected according to CYP3A5 genotype in order to quickly achieve the target immunosuppression in renal transplant recipients who are switching immunosuppressive regimen from CsA to FK506.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of ibuprofen on proliferation and migration of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) cell line NCI-H460 and breast cancer cell line SKBR3, and to discuss the possible mechanism. Methods MTT method was used to detect the proliferation inhibition of the two cancer cell lines after ibuprofen treatment for 24, 48, and 72 h; and Transwell assay was used to study the cell migration in vitro. Real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of survivin and E-cadherin after ibuprofen treatment. Results MTT assay showed that ibuprofen treatment decreased cell growth in the two cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Ibuprofen treatment (2 mmol/L,12 h) significantly inhibited the cell metastasis in the two cell lines. Moreover, real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis showed that ibuprofen treatment caused a reduction in survivin expression and elevation in E-cadherin expression at both mRNA and protein levels. Conclusion Ibuprofen can significantly inhibit human NSCLC proliferation and metastasis in vitro, which might be related to degreased expression of survivin and increased expression of E-cadherin.

Abstract:Objective To use ultrasound radio-frequency (RF) technology for investigating atherosclerosis degree difference between the left and right common carotid arteries (CCA) in patients with type 2 diabetes, and to analyze the related factors. Methods The compliance coefficient (CC) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) of the left and right common carotid arteries (CCA) were obtained by ultrasound RF technology. The ratios of the left to right CCAs were calculated: CCratio and PWVratio. The difference within groups was observed by left and right comparison and that between groups was observed by comparison of the same side. The relevant factors of CCratio and PWVratio were analyzed. Results (1) PWV of the left CCA was significantly higher than that of the right one and CC was significantly lower than that of the right one in patients with type 2 diabetes (P<0.05). The CC and PWV were not significantly different between the left and right CCAs in the control group. (2) Compared with the control group, patients with type 2 diabetes had significantly increased left PWV and right CC (P<0.05). (3) PWVratio and CCratio were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, disease course, triglycerides and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were the independent risk factors for PWVratio; and age, HDL-C were the independent risk factor for CCratio. Conclusion The atherosclerosis degrees are different between the left and right CCA in patients with type 2 diabetes. The age, disease course, SBP, triglyceride and HDL-C are independent risk factors for the differences.

Abstract:Objective To explore the factors influencing the HPV L1 protein expression in tumor tissues and to understand the expression pattern of HPV L1 protein in different cervical lesion tissues. Methods Different cervical lesion tissues were collected to detect genotypes and genome physical states of HPV 16 and 18. ELISA, Western blotting analysis, and immunohistochemical staining were used to examine the expression of HPV L1 protein in the tissues. Results A total of 48 specimens were collected, with 42 being HPV16 positive and 3 being HPV18 positive. In HPV16 positive specimens, 25 harbored exclusively the episomal form, 7 carried mixed forms, and 10 had integrated type. All the HPV18 positive specimens belonged to the integrated type. The results of ELISA and Western blotting analysis displayed that HPV L1 expression decreased with the aggravation of the lesion severities. The immunohistochemistry findings showed that L1 positive reactions were of different forms and varied with different physical states of viral genome, differentiation degrees, and progression of lesion tissues. Conclusion HPV L1 expression in cervical lesion tissues has its structural foundation, and the expression levels are closely related to many factors, including the physical state of virus genome in lesion tissues, differentiation degrees of tumor tissue, and the state of virus gene sequence being inserted into host ones.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the autophagy of osteosarcoma MG63 cells induced by aloe emodin-mediated photodynamic therapy, and to discuss the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis. Methods The cultured MG63 cells were divided into 4 groups: empty control group, AE group, LED group, and AE-PDT group. MG63 cells in AE-PDT group were treated with aloe emodin combined with photodynamic therapy. The cell viability was measured by CCK-8, the DCFH-DA probe was used to detect cell ROS level, the autophagosomes were examined by MDC staining and electron microscope, the apoptosis of MG63 cells was detected by flow cytometry, and the autophagy-related protein (LC3 and Beclin-1) expressions were assessed by Western blotting analysis. Results Photosensitizer aloe emodin-mediated PDT significantly suppressed cell viability in a photosensitizer concentration- and energy density-dependent manner. The ROS level and autophagosomes were significantly increased in the AE-PDT group, with classical autophagosomes found under the electron microscope. AE-PDT induced autophagy and apoptosis of MG63 cells. The apoptosis rate was significantly increased when autophagy was inhibited by 3-MA (P<0.05).The results of Western blotting analysis showed that ratios of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and Beclin-1/β-actin in AE-PDT group were higher than those in the single AE treatment group, single light irradiation group, and the empty control group. Conclusion AE-PDT can induce autophagy in the MG63 cells. At the early stage of AE-PDT treatment, autophagy can postpone apoptosis and hence exert a protective effect.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the association of dopamine D2 receptor with motor behavior and pathological characteristics of Parkinson's disease. Methods Wild type C57BL/6 mice (WT) and D2 receptor gene knockout mice (D2^-/-) were injected with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to induce Parkinson's disease (PD) models. Pole test and swim test were used to observe the motor behaviors of mice. Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neuron numbers in the substantia nigra of the midbrain. Results After MPTP injection, the animals had a significantly longer time in pole testing, a significantly decreased score in swimming test, and a significantly decreased number of TH-positive neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Moreover, the behavioral changes and the decrease of TH-positive neuron numbers in D2^-/- mice were more significant than those in the WT mice(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion Dopamine D2 receptor plays an important role in motor behavior of PD mice, and lack of dopamine D2 receptor exacerbates the symptoms of MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease.

Abstract:Objective To observe the effect of nonylphenol (NP) on plasma and urine 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels and expression of 5-HT and of 5-HT_2A receptor in the platelets of rats, so as to explore the toxic mechanisms of NP on 5-HT and 5-HT_2A receptor. Methods A total of 24 male SD rats were equally randomized into 4 groups: solvent control group, NP low-dose group (30 mg/[kg·d]), NP medium-dose group (90 mg/[kg·d]) and NP high-dose group (270 mg/[kg·d]). The animals were gavaged with NP every other day for 28 days; then the plasma and 24 h urine levels of 5-HT, 5-HT and 5-HT_2A expression in the platelets were examined. Results The levels of 5-HT in the plasma and platelets of rats were increased and the expression of 5-HT_2A receptor in platelets was decreased with the increase of NP exposure dose. The plasma and platelet 5-HT levels in the medium- and high-NP dose groups were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.01); the platelet level of 5-HT_2A receptor in the high-NP dose group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.01). The three NP dose groups had significantly higher urine 5-HT levels compared with the control group during 4-28 days of NP exposure(P<0.01). Conclusion There are dose-dependent effects between NP exposure dose and plasma, urine 5-HT levels and platelet 5-HT, 5-HT_2A receptor levels in rats, suggesting that NP might exert its toxic effect by affecting 5-HT level and 5-HT_2A receptor expression.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the depression status among the elderly living alone in a community of Shanghai and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods Participants from Guangzhong Community of Hongkou District, Shanghai were divided into the study group and control group according to their scores of Geriatric Depression Scale. Factors including social demographic characteristics, solitary reason, situation of being visited, health status, financial support and social support, were collected, and their influence upon depression was analyzed. Results Among 1 033 aged people surveyed, 431 fell into the study group and 602 into the control group(not detected), with the detected depression rate being 41.72%. The statistical analysis showed that the income, age, social support, frequency of being visited, and self-care ability were risk factors influencing the depression status of the elderly living alone. Conclusion The depression status in the elderly living alone in community of Shanghai is affected by multiple factors. To improve their depression condition we may start from increasing their income and providing more social support.

Abstract:Lipids play important biological roles and their metabolism is closely related to the development and progression of a variety of diseases. Lipid analysis is of great importance for research on disease mechanisms, biomarker discovery, diagnosis and treatment, and drug research. Lipidomics systematically analyze the lipids and molecules that interact with lipids in biological samples. This review introduces the biological roles of lipids and the analytical methods regarding lipidomics in microbiology, and offers a future view of lipidomics in microbiology.

Abstract:C3 glomerulopathy is a recently defined disease category comprising several rare types of glomerulonephritis (GN), including dense deposit disease (DDD), C3 glomerulonephritis (C3GN), and CFHR5 nephropathy. These disorders share a common etiology involving dysregulation of the complement alternative pathway (AP), with genetic defects and/or autoantibodies seen in a proportion of patients. Currently no consistently effective therapy has been found for C3 glomerulopathy; clinical evaluation of agents targeting specific components of the complement system is undergoing. The appropriate timing and duration of proposed therapies need to be further explored. This review focuses on the clinical and histological features, complement tests and treatments of C3 glomerulopathy.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the expression of markers for epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during the development of ductal plate in human liver, so as to discuss the role of EMT during ductal plate development in the liver. Methods Immunohistochemical method was used to examine the expression of EMT markers (CK19, vimentin, and α-SMA) in the liver tissues of 31 fetuses of 8-40 weeks old. Results From the 8^th gestation week onwards (ductal plate phase, remodeling phase of ductal plate, and formation phase of bile ducts), the CK19-positive cells in the portal tract were gradually increased, vimentin/α-SMA-positive portal mesenchymal cells were gradually decreased, and CK19-positive cells were negatively correlated with vimentin/α-SMA expression ones (vimentin: r=-0.820, P<0.001; α-SMA: r=-0.797, P<0.001). The ductal plate cells began to express vimentin at the 9^th week of gestation, the expression peaked in the fetal liver during 13-19 weeks of gestation, and then it was gradually declined and became undetectable at the 28^th week. Some immature bile duct epithelial cells showed cytoplasmic immunostaining of vimentin from 14 to 32 weeks of gestation. Furthermore, integration and transition were observed between vimentin-positive portal myofibroblasts (pMFs) and ductal plate cells or bile ducts. In serial section of the developing human liver (9-32 weeks), we observed that ductal plate or bile ducts cells co-expressed vimentin and CK19. Conclusion Our findings show the presence of mesenchymal-epithelial transition during the development of ductal plate in human liver, which is associated with the formation of bile ducts.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the relationship of CD133⁺ and CD105⁺ cells in the peripheral blood with the clinical prognosis of patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods The proportions of CD45^-CD133⁺CD105⁺ cells were determined in 80 primary HCC patients and 20 healthy subjects by flow cytometry, and the correlation of the proportion with age, gender, clinical stage, histological differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and surgical outcomes were analyzed. The survival rate was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curves, and multivariate analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards model. Results The proportion of CD45^-CD133⁺CD105⁺ cells in the peripheral blood of primary HCC patients was significantly higher compared with those in the postoperative patients and healthy controls (P=0.003, P=0.000). The proportion of preoperative CD45^-CD133⁺CD105⁺ cells in the postoperative recurrent group was significantly higher than those in the non-recurrent group (P=0.015). The proportion of CD45^-CD133⁺CD105⁺ cells in the peripheral blood of primary HCC patients was significantly associated with the clinical stage, degrees of differentiation, and presence/absence of lymph node metastasis (P<0.05), and not associated with age or gender. CD133 expression was positively correlated with CD105 expression (r=0.846, P<0.05). Postoperative survival rate was significantly lower in patients with CD45^-CD133⁺CD105⁺ proportion > 0.5% compared with ≤ 0.5% (P<0.05). The postoperative survival rate of patients with CD45^-CD133⁺ cell proportion > 1.1% was significantly lower than that with CD45^-CD133⁺ cell proportion ≤1.1% (P<0.05). The postoperative survival rate of patients with CD45^-CD105⁺ proportion > 36% was significantly lower than those with CD45^-CD105⁺ proportion ≤ 36% (P<0.05). Peripheral blood CD45^-CD133⁺CD105⁺ cell proportion, degree of differentiation, and presence/absence of lymph node metastasis were the independent factors influencing HCC prognosis. Conclusion Proportion of CD45^-CD133⁺CD105⁺ cells in the peripheral blood is greatly increased in HCC patients, which is closely associated with the degree of malignancy of HCC. Decreased CD45^-CD133⁺CD105⁺ cell proportion in the peripheral blood is an independent favorable prognostic factor for HCC patients, and targeted lowering of CD45^-CD133⁺CD105⁺ cell proportion in the peripheral blood of primary HCC patients may represent a new treatment.

Abstract:Objective To explore the correlation of preoperative guanylate cyclase C (GC-C) mRNA in peripheral blood with postoperative gastric cancer recurrence. Methods The preoperative blood samples were collected from 60 patients with gastric cancer(GC) before operation, also from 21 patients with dysplasia, 15 with intestinal metaplasia, and 20 healthy volunteers during the same period. GC-C mRNA in the peripheral blood samples was assessed by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RFQ-PCR). The association of peripheral blood GC-C mRNA expression with pathological parameters and gastric cancer recurrence was analyzed. Results The positive rate of preoperative GC-C mRNA in blood samples of gastric cancer patients (48.3% [29/60]) was significantly higher than that of patients with dysplasia (20.0%[3/21], P<0.05) and those with intestinal metaplasia (9.5%[2/15], P<0.05); GC-C mRNA was not detected in healthy controls. The preoperative blood GC-C mRNA in gastric cancer patients were significantly correlated with Laurén type, clinical TNM stage, depth of invasion, lymph metastasis, and differentiation degree (P<0.05 or 0.01). The 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, and 4-year cumulative recurrence rates of GC-C positive patients were 41.4%, 79.3%, 96.6%, and 100.0%, respectively; and those of GC-C negative patients were 16.1%, 41.9%, 67.7%, and 80.6%, respectively. The median recurrence time in GC-C positive patients was significantly shorter than that in GC-C negative patients(P<0.01). The 1-4 years of cumulative recurrence rates and overall survival time were significantly different between the two groups after surgery (P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusion The preoperative presence of GC-C mRNA in the peripheral blood of gastric cancer patients is related to poor prognosis and early recurrence after surgery.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of intralipid postconditioning on myocardial enzyme in patients receiving extracorporeal circulation of cardiac valve replacement. Methods Forty patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in the experimental group were given intralipid (200 mL) immediately after aorta opening from the extracorporeal circulation machine, and those in the control group were given 200 mL normal saline in the same manner. The radial artery blood samples were collected at the beginning of the operation, 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, and 24 h after aorta opening. The serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) were observed and the blood gas analysis was performed. The hemodynamic parameters, time of cardiopulmonary bypass, time of aorta block, time of operation, recovery of heartbeat, the dosage of dopamine, assisted ventilation time, ICU detention time, 24 h urine amount, and 24 hour drainage amount after operation were all recorded in the two groups. Results There were no significant differences in hemodynamic parameters, dosage of dopamine used, spontaneous recovery of heartbeat, 24 h urine amount, or 24 hour drainage amount between the two groups (P>0.05). The postoperative levels of serum LDH, CK, CK-MB, and cTnI were significantly higher than those before operation in both groups (P<0.05).Compared with the control group, the LDH level in the experimental group was significantly deceased 24 h after aorta opening (P<0.05); cTnI and CK levels were significantly decreased 4 and 24 h after aorta opening (P<0.05); and CK-MB level were significantly decreased at 2, 4, and 24 h after aorta opening (P<0.05). Conclusion Intralipid postconditioning by cardiopulmonary bypass can reduce the release of myocardial enzymes in patients receiving heart valve replacement surgery, thus alleviate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the change of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MS), and to discuss its relationship with the clinical parameters. Methods Totally 140 newly diagnosed T2DM patients were selected for this study, and they were divided into MS group (n=73) and non-MS group (n=67) according to the presence of MS; the normal control group included 73 participants (NC group). All participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin releasing test; meanwhile, the blood glucose, insulin, blood lipid and other items were measured. The LDL-C/HDL-C ratios of each group were calculated. Clinical parameters and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios were compared among different groups, and correlation analysis was made between LDL-C/HDL-C ratios and clinical indices. Furthermore, all participants were divided into three groups according to LDL-C/HDL-C levels and the prevalence rates of MS were compared. Results The LDL-C/HDL-C ratios of MS group (3.18±0.85) and non-MS group (2.61±0.93) were significantly higher than that in NC group (2.26±0.70, P<0.05), and the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio of MS group was significantly higher than that in non-MS group (P<0.05). The prevalence rates of MS were significantly increased in the patients with the elevation of LDL-C/HDL-C (11.27%, 35.21%, and 56.34%, P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that LDL-C/HDL-C ratio was positively correlated with the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), fasting insulin (FINS), postprandial insulin (PSI), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHOL) and LDL-C (P<0.05), and negatively correlated with HDL-C (P<0.01). When LDL-C/HDL-C was taken as the dependent variable, multiple regression analysis showed that HDL-C, LDL-C and FINS entered the equation (P<0.01). Conclusion The LDL-C/HDL-C ratio is increased in T2DM patients complicated with MS, and the prevalence rate of MS is higher in patients with high LDL-C/HDL-C value. The ratio of LDL-C/HDL-C may be a better index for the early detection of MS compared with LDL-C, which provides a simple, feasible strategy for the prevention and treatment of MS.

Abstract:Objective To establish a LC-MS/MS system for the determination of Bletilla striata glucomannan in Bletilla striata hemostatic sponge. Methods The Waters X Bridge^TM Amide(3.5 μm, 2.1 mm×100 mm)column was used at 35℃; acetonitrile and 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate (containing 0.1% formic acid) (60:40, V/V) were used as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min, with the injection volume being 10 μL. Results The linear range for D-mannose was 50.0-5 000.0 ng/mL (r=0.999 5). The results of intra-day and inter-day precisions, limit of detection and limit of quantitation were all within the normal ranges. The recovery rate (n=5) was 98.4%, RSD=1.03%. Conclusion The method in this study is simple, selective and sensitive; it can be used for the quantitative determination and quality control of Bletilla striata glucomannan.

Abstract:目的: 观察外周血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)和可溶性CD14(sCD14)与冠心病(CHD)患者的不同临床分类组,冠脉病变血管支数组之间的关系；二指标与Gensini评分(GS)的相关性；二指标间的相关性。从而探讨sCD14在CHD危险分层及冠脉病变程度中的预测价值。方法: 154例冠状动脉造影术(CAG)证实的CHD患者,被分为(1)三组：稳定型心绞痛组(SAP),不稳定型心绞痛组(UAP),急性心肌梗死组(AMI) ；(2)根据冠脉病变血管支数分为三组：单支病变组,双支病变组,三支病变组。CAG正常的对照组50例。按GS评定冠脉病变严重程度。应用乳胶比浊法,酶联免疫吸附法分别测定各组的血清CRP和sCD14水平。应用SPSS for Windows 10.0软件进行统计分析各组间血清CRP和sCD14的差异,二指标与GS的相关性,二指标间的相关性。结果: (1) 急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者的血清CRP和sCD14水平显著高于SAP和对照组患者(P<0.05)。ACS患者中,AMI较UAP患者有更高的水平(P<0.05) 。SAP组亦高于对照组,但血清CRP和sCD14水平差异无统计学意义(P >0.05)。(2)二指标水平在三支病变组中最高,双支较单支病变组有更高的水平(P<0.05),且组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3) 二指标与GS显著正相关(P<0.05)。(4) 二指标间显著正相关(P<0.05)。结论: 血清sCD14水平能够反映冠脉病变的严重程度,可以作为冠脉病变血管支数的预测因子。

Abstract: