Abstract:Objective To screen for miRNAs potentially involved in the pathogenesis of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Methods Renal ischemia reperfusion injury model was established with SD rats. Twelve hours after reperfusion, blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine were determined and miRNA expression in the kidney was detected using miRNA microarray. Bioinformatics methods were used for a preliminary analysis of potential targets for differentially expressed miRNAs. Results Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine were both elevated 12 h after reperfusion. miRNA microassay showed 36 aberrantly expressed miRNAs, with 15 miRNAs having an expression level higher than 2 folds. Results of real-time PCR were generally in accordance with the microarray results. The elevated miRNAs included miR-290, miR-894, miR-292-5p, miR-327, miR-374, miR-98, miR-352, miR-132, miR-146b and miR-196a; and the down-regulated miRNAs included miR-145, miR-329, miR-375, miR-140* and miR-29a. Bioinformatics showed that these miRNAs were related to inflammation, cell death and proliferation, angiogensis and fibrosis. Conclusion Several miRNAs are aberrantly expressed during renal ischemia/reperfusion injury, which may influence renal injury through regulating inflammation, cell death and proliferation, angiogensis and fibrosis, but the exact mechanism remains to be further investigated.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the electrophysiology characteristics of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in rats with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis, so as to provide reference for a better understanding of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD). Methods SD rats(male, 160-200 g)were randomly divided into two groups. Experimental colitis was induced in colitis group (n=5) by intracolonic administration of TNBS (40 mg/kg diluted in 70% ethanol), and control rats (n=5) received normal saline in the same manner. Rats were sacrificed on the eighth day(acute inflammation phase) after administration of TNBS or normal saline, and the DRG neurons were obtained to investigate its electrophysiology characteristics by the whole-cell patch clamping. Results The body weight of rats in the experimental group was significantly decreased. H-E staining showed severe damage of the intestinal mucosa glands and inflammatory cell infiltration, indiating successful model creation. The action potential threshold of DRG neurons was significantly decreased in rats with TNBS-induced colitis (P<0.05). Conclusion The excitability of DRG neurons is increased in rat model of TNBS-induced colitis.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the roles of osteopontin(OPN) and nuclear transcription factor in a rat model of chronic cyclosporine A (CsA) nephrotoxicity. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats maintained on a low salt diet were treated daily with vehicle (olive oil, 1 mL·kg^-1·d^-1, s.c.) and CsA (15 mL·kg^-1·d^-1, s.c.) for 4 weeks. Renal histopathology was estimated by trichrome staining (tubulointerstitial fibrosis) and immunohistochemistry (ED-1) to assess the degrees of renal tubulointerstitial lesions. In addition, OPN mRNA and protein expression and nuclear transcription factor (NF-κB and AP-1) were studied by northern blotting analysis, immunohistochemistry, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and immunoblotting analysis. Results CsA-treated rats displayed significantly striped tubulointerstitial fibrosis ([38.9±3.3]%/5 mm² vs [0±0]%/5 mm², P<0.01) and increased ED-1-positive cells (89±9 vs 7±2, P<0.01). Compared with VH-treated rats, CsA-treated rats showed significantly upregulated OPN mRNA and protein expression in the proximal tubular cells, mainly localizing at areas of severe injured tissues. CsA-treated group also had significantly increased activities of NF-κB ([218±19]% vs [116±15]%, P<0.01) and AP-1 ([735±225]% vs [101±4]%, P<0.01), and significantly decreased expression of ([9±7]% vs [105±7]%, P<0.01). Correlation analysis revealed that upregulated OPN mRNA was positively correlated with tubulointerstitial fibrosis (r= 0.959, P<0.001) and activities of NF-κB and AP-1 (NF-κB: r=0.773, P<0.01; AP-1: r=0.619, P=0.01, respectively). Conclusion Our findings suggest that OPN, nuclear transcription factor NF-κB and AP-1 are involved in renal tubulointerstitial injury in chronic CsA nephrotoxicity.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the protective effect of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) on retinal cone photoreceptors under hypoxia condition. Methods Eight-week-old cone-specific VEGFR2-knockout (KO) mice and wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice received intravenous injection of 8 mmol/L cobalt chloride in the right eyes for hypoxia condition and PBS in the left eyes for control, with 6 mice in each group. On the next day electroretinogram (ERG) was conducted to evaluate the photoreceptor function, and immunofluorescence colocalization was used to determine the density and morphology of cone photoreceptors. Results In KO and WT groups, hypoxia eyes had significantly decreased a-wave and b-wave amplitudes in scotopic ERG compared with PBS control eyes (P<0.01), but with no significant difference between hypoxia eyes of KO and WT groups (P>0.05). In both KO and WT groups, the hypoxia eyes also had significantly decreased a-wave and b-wave amplitude in photopic ERG compared with PBS control eyes (P<0.01), and the decrease in KO mice was more significant than that in WT group (P<0.05, P<0.01), indicating the decrease of cone function in KO animal. Morphology examination showed noticeable changes under hypoxia condition in both KO and WT groups, showing decreased density, shortened appearance, and disordered arrangement, with the changes in KO group being more noticeable. Conclusion VEGFR2 has a protective effect on cone photoreceptors under hypoxia condition.

Abstract:Objective To explore whether desmocollin 3(Dsc3) mediates follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)-induced ovarian epithelial cancer cell proliferation by activating EGFR/Akt signaling pathway, thereby promoting tumor growth. Methods Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of Dsc3 in ovarian tumor tissues; Western blotting analysis was used to detect Dsc3 protein expression in 6 ovarian tumor cell lines and immortalized ovarian epithelial cells, and Dsc3, EGFR expression after FSH treatment. After knock-down Dsc3 and EGFR expression by siRNA and after treatment with PI3K/Akt signaling pathway inhibitor, Western blotting analysis was used to detect the expression of Dsc3, EGFR, Akt and pAkt; MTT assay was used to determine cellular growth. Results (1) The positive expression rates of Dsc3 in ovarian cancer tissues and borderline ovarian tumor tissues were significantly higher than that in benign ovarian cyst tissues(P<0.05); and the positive rates were similar between the former two tissues. The expression of Dsc3 in some ovarian cancer cells, such as Hey and HO8910 and borderline ovarian tumor cells MCV152, was higher than that in immortalized ovarian epithelial cells (Moody).(2)FSH up-regulated expression of Dsc3 and EGFR in a dose- and time-dependent manner. (3) Inhibition of Dsc3 by RNA interference inhibited the expression of EGFR and pAkt, but not Akt. Inhibition of EGFR by RNA interference inhibited the expression of Dsc3 and pAkt, but not Akt. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway inhibited the expression of Dsc3 and pAkt, but not Akt. The above three methods could all reduce the regulation role of FSH for PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. (4) Inhibition of Dsc3, EGFR and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway could significantly reduce FSH-induced cell proliferation(P<0.05). Conclusion Dsc3 can mediate FSH-induced ovarian epithelial cancer cell proliferation by activating EGFR/Akt signaling pathway, and thereby promoting tumor growth.

Abstract:Objective To observe the regulatory effect of nuclear factor of activated T-cells(NFAT)-1, 4, 5 on ADAMTS-4 promoter activity in nucleus pulposus cells, so as to discuss the underlying molecular mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration. Methods The ADAMTS-4-pβ-gal-Basic was inserted into PGL3-Basic vector after double digestion by the restriction enzyme XhoⅠ and HindⅢ. The purified PGL3-ADAMTS-4 plasmid was obtained through screening. Rat nucleus pulposus cells were cultured in vitro and, via Lipofectamine2000 transfection reagent, transfected with NFAT-1, NFAT-4, NFAT-5 or DN-TonEBP expressing plasmids with or without appropriate backbone vector and 175 ng ADAMTS-4 promoter. The normal cells were taken as controls and transfected cells were taken as treatment group. Dual-Luciferase^TM reporter assay system was used to detect the effect of NFAT-1, 4, 5(TonEBP) on ADAMTS-4 promoter activity. Results We successfully constructed PGL3-ADAMTS-4 plasmid and identified two NFAT-Bind elements in the promoter. Compared with the control group, ADAMTS-4 promoter activity was significantly inhibited in NFAT-1 group(P<0.05). While the activities of ADAMTS-4 promoter in NFAT-4, NAFT-5 and DN-TonEBP groups showed no significant changes(P>0.05). Conclusion NFAT-1 can regulate ADAMTS-4 expression, which may play a role in modulating aggrecan content in the intervertebral disc physiology and/or intervertebral disc degeneration, providing a new strategy for biological treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration.

Abstract:Objective To establish a method for isolation, culture and identification of primary human pericardial interstitial cells (PICs). Methods Human pericardial tissues were cut into 1 mm×1 mm×1 mm sized pieces, digested with type Ⅱ collagenase, hyaluronic acid enzyme and trypsin to isolate the interstitial cells. The cells were cultured and cell morphology was observed. The cell doubling time, flow cytometry and immunohistochemical staining were applied for cell identification. Results Adherent cells were observed 24 h after culturing. The cells reached 80% confluences and could be subcultured after about 10 days. The cells isolated and cultured were fibroblast-like or spindle-like, with obvious nuclei, clear nucleolus, and a greater proportion of nucleus and cytoplasm. Flow cytometry results showed no cell surface markers CD34 and CD45. Immunocytochemistry showed negative CK staining, and positive vimentin and α-SMA staining. Cells isolated from 8 of the 10 pericardial tissues were successfully cultured. Conclusion The present method can effectively isolate and culture primary human PICs, which lays a foundation for further in vitro study of constrictive pericarditis.

Abstract:ABSTRACT Objective Aim to investigate the impact of cerebrovascular smooth muscles proliferation to utilize PDTC inhibit the expression of NF-κB rabbit model after subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)in the basilar artery. Methods Sixteen New Zealand male rabbits were randomly divided into two group，PDTC group and SAH groups eight each other。And using double injections of fresh autologous arterial blood into the cisterna magna to establish animal models of cerebral vasospasm．Injected PDTC to cisterna magna of SAH group each day as PDTC group. After injection 7th day,the expression of NF-КB of basilar artery in rabbits were determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot；morphological changes of rabbit basilar artery was also observered . Results.Compared with SAH group, applied the PDTC intervention, the expression of NF-κB p65and PCNA protein decreased, and smooth muscles thickness became thinner, compared with SAH group has significant differences (p＜0.05). Condusion PDTC can reduce the proliferation of smooth muscle through the inhibition of the activition of NF-κB p65 after SAH.

Abstract:Objective To explore the association between variant rs4299376 of ABCG5/ABCG8 gene with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in Han Chinese and the association of related lipid levels with CHD. Methods We collected blood samples from 290 CHD cases, 198 non-CHD controls and 331 healthy controls. The genomic DNA was acquired by the nucleic acid extraction automatic analyzer and the rs4299376 genotypes were analyzed by the Mass-ARRAY iPLEX^R platform. Results There were no significant differences in distribution of variant rs4299376 of ABCG5/ABCG8 gene among Han Chinese with CHD, non-CHD controls and healthy controls. There was no association between lipid levels and CHD in either total or male groups. While in female group, the triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were higher in CHD patients than in non-CHD controls (TG: 2.23±1.05 vs 1.84±1.03, P=0.01; TC: 4.79±1.17 vs 4.36±1.03, P=0.01). It was also found that, for those 60 years old and above, the CHD cases had a significantly lower high density lipoprotein (HDL) level compared with non-CHD group (1.09±0.23 vs 1.16±0.25, P=0.03). Conclusion There is no noticeable association between ABCG5/ABCG8 rs4299376 polymorphism and the risk of CHD in Han Chinese. Female CHD patients have higher levels of TG and TC, and when over 60 year old, CHD patients have a lower HDL level than non-CHD controls.

Abstract:Objective To explore the effects of adrenomedullin (ADM) on the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation potential of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Methods The 3^rd generation of cultured human DPSCs were treated with ADM of different concentrations (10^-6 mol/L, 10^-7 mol/L and 10^-8 mol/L) for 24 h, and a blank control group was also set up. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were measured by flow cytometry; the mRNA and protein expressions of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), an odontogenic differentiation marker, were analyzed by qPCR and Western blotting analysis, respectively. Results Cell cycle analysis showed that the proportion of G₂/S/M phase cells in the three ADM treatment groups were significantly higher than that in the blank control group (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences between the three ADM groups. Cell apoptosis analysis showed that the proportion of cells labelled by Annexin Ⅴ⁺/PI^- was significantly lower in the three ADM groups than that in the blank control group (P<0.05), but there were no signficant differences between the three ADM groups.The results of qPCR and Western blotting analysis showed that the ALP expression in DPSCs was increased significantly compared with that in the blank control group (P<0.01), but there were no significant differences between the three ADM groups. Conclusion ADM can promote the proliferation and inhibit the apoptosis of DPSCs, and it can also promote odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the liver cooling effect of infusing cold fluid through the bile duct in liver injury models. Methods A total of 14 BA-MA mini-pigs were randomized into two groups: control group (n=7) and hypothermia group (n=7). All the animals underwent tracheal intubation under general anaesthesia and liver injury was created after opening the abdomen. The liver bleeding was allowed for 15 min, and then initial treatment was given by packing the liver injury and infusing fluid for 1 hour before suturing the wound. Then the cold fluid (4℃ lactated Ringer's solution) was infused through the bile duct in the hypothermia group, with no further treatment given to the control group. The body and local liver temperature and hemodynamic variations were recorded. Blood samples were collected from the front vena cava to perform liver function tests. The liver specimens of animals were subjected to histopathological evaluation at the end of the experiment. Results The primary bleeding volume, heart rate and mean artery pressure at different time points were not significantly different between the two groups. After 2 hours intervention, the liver temperature dropped by(1.36±0.80)℃ in the control group and by (2.72±1.01)℃ in the hypothermia group, with significant difference found between the two groups(P=0.020); at the same time point, the body temperature dropped by(0.89±0.76)℃ and (0.97±0.97)℃, respectively; showing no significant difference between the two groups(P=0.87). Liver function examination showed that at the end of infusion aspartate transaminase (AST) in the hypothermia group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The inflammatory cell infiltration of liver tissues in the hypothermia group was slighter than that in the control group. Conclusion Infusion with cold 4℃ lactated Ringer's solution has a protective effect on liver trauma by inducing liver hypothermia to promote the recovery of liver function and alleviate liver inflammation reaction.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the value of real-time tissue elastography (RTE) in the differential diagnosis of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and hepatocellular adenoma (HCA). Methods The RTE data of 20 patients with pathologically proven FNH (22 lesions) and 8 patients with HCA (9 lesions) were retrospectively analyzed. The RTE data were evaluated by scores(grades 1-5)and the strain ratios (SR) of the nodules were calculated and compared between the two groups. Results Most FNH lesions had a grade of 3-4(18/22,81.8%)on elastography, while most lesions of HCA had a grade of 1(5/9,55.6%)on elastography, with significant difference found between the two groups (P=0.000 2). The strain ratio of FNH was significantly higher than that of HCA(7.47±4.53 vs 1.64±0.88, P<0.000 1). Conclusion The stiffness of FNH in RTE is notably higher than that of HCA, indicating RTE may be a supplementary to routine ultrasonic examination, which may be helpful for differential diagnosis of FNH and HCA.

Abstract:Objective In order to monitor the dynamic change of memory T cell subsets in mouse peripheral blood, an optimal protocol with combination of minimally invasive blood sample technique and flow cytometry analysis was established. Methods The blood was sample via saphenous vein, and the four color compensation matrix of flow cytometry was established with fluorescence compensation beads, then the ratios of naive T cells, central memory T cells and effector memory T cells among blood samples were analyzed using BD Calibur equipped with two laser. The following aspects were investigated to optimize the flow cytometry protocol:(1) blood sampling volume; (2) centrifugation of blood or not; (3) the concentration of detecting antibodies; (4) wash after the lysis of erythrocyte or not. Results (1) Ten to fifty microliter of blood could be sampled via saphenous vein without animal anesthesia, which would satisfy the requirements of serial blood sampling and analysis, ten microliter blood could be fulfill the requirements of multi-color flow cytometry analysis and decrease the demand of antibodies. (2) Demand of antibodies could be used to detect decreased blood after high speed centrifugation and removal of serum or plasma. (3) Optimization of antibody concentration would decrease the volume of antibodies and potential interference of the background fluorescence without influencing the accuracy and reproducibility. (4) Wash after the lysis of erythrocyte could furthermore decrease the background fluorescence of samples, but increase the operation time, which could be analyzed without wash immediately. Conclusion Combination of blood sampling via saphenous vein and optimal flow cytometry analysis protocol could help to monitor the change of memory T cell subsets in vivo of mouse in a serial of time-points.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the differences of bone mineral density (BMD) among the patients with alcoholic or HBV-related liver cirrhosis, and healthy controls. Methods Dual-energy X-ray radiography was employed to determine the BMD of he lumbar vertebra and bilateral hip joints in 57 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, 67 with hepatitis B cirrhosis, and 175 healthy controls. The demographic data and clinical characteristics(hepatic fibrosis and hepatic function) of all the participants were collected. Independent sample t-test was used to compare the differences among 3 groups and multiple classified logistical regression analysis was used to evaluate factors influencing BMD. Results The BMD of alcoholic cirrhosis and HBV-related cirrhosis patients were significantly lower than that of healthy controls(P<0.01), and the BMD in alcohol cirrhosis patients was significantly lower than that in HBV-related cirrhosis patients(P<0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis identified that female gender, elder age, liver cirrhosis degree, and liver function were significantly correlated with the levels of BMD(P<0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that alcoholic cirrhosis (OR=2.053, 95%CI=1.931-3.852) and HBV-related cirrhosis (OR=1.521, 95%CI=1.342-2.354) were the independent risks of reduced BMD in patients. Conclusion BMD levels of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and HBV-related cirrhosis are significantly lower than that of the healthy controls, and hepatic cirrhosis is independent factor of osteoporosis.

Abstract:Objective To study the antidepressant effect of a polypeptide drugs—XMT. Methods Using the suspension test, forced swim test, 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan (5-HTP) induced head twitch response test and yohimbine induced lethality test in mice, the antidepressant effect and the possible mechanisms of XMT were measured. Results In the tail suspension test, repeated administration (0.3-10 mg/kg, sc) with XMT for 5 d reduced the immobility time in mice (P<0.05 vs the normal saline control). XMT (0.3-5.0 mg/kg, sc for 5 d) can reduced the immobility time in the forced swim test in mice (P<0.05 vs the normal saline control), while there was no central stimulated effect during the effective doses (0.3-5.0 mg/kg). Furthermore, XMT in repeated doses (5.0 and 1.0 mg/kg, sc for 5 d) decreased the 5-HTP induced head twitch response in mice (P<0.01, P<0.05 vs the normal saline control), while it had no effect on the yohimbine toxicity (P>0.05 vs the normal saline control). Conclusion XMT has antidepressant effect which may be related to the property of inhibition the 5-HT2 receptor, etc.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the different expressions of purinergic P2X7 receptor in normal endometrium and ectopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis (EMS), so as to discuss the possible role of P2X7 receptor in the development of EMS. Methods The tissue samples (ovarian endometriotic cysts) of EMS patients (EMS group, n=54) and normal endometrium tissues from uterine fibroid patients undergoing hysterectomy (control group, n=40) from Oct. 2011 to Oct. 2012 were retrieved in Changhai Hospital.The expression of P2X7 receptor was detected and compared by immunohistochemistry between the two groups. P2X7 receptor expressions were also compared between patients with different preoperative serum CA125 levels or EMS stage according to intraoperative evaluation by revised American Fertility Society (rAFS) staging. Results (1) The positive rate of P2X7 receptor was 75.9% (41/54, with 22 weakly positive, 14 positive and 5 strongly positive) in 54 EMS samples, which was significantly higher than that in normal endometrial tissues (7.5%, 3/40, all weakly positive)(χ²=43.21, P<0.05). P2X7 receptor expression intensities were also significantly different between the two groups(Z=-7.318, P<0.05). (2) P2X7 receptor expressions in EMS patients with serum CA125 ≥50 U/mL or of Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage (rAFS) were significantly stronger than those with serum CA125 < 50 U/mL (Z=-2.642, P<0.05) or of Ⅰ-Ⅱ stage (Z=-3.815,P<0.001). Conclusion P2X7 receptor is highly expressed in the ectopic endometrium tissue, and the expression is associated with the pre-operation serum CA125 level and severity of disease, suggesting that P2X7 receptor may be involved in the development of endometriosis.

Abstract:Chitin, an essential component of the cell wall, exists widely in pathogenic fungi. Chitin synthase (CHS) is a key enzyme for biosynthesis of chitin, and its activity is strictly regulated; therefore it can be inferred that CHS and its regulation factors are potential targets of anti-fungal therapy. This article reviews the recent research progress on classification, function, and regulation of CHS, and discusses the possibilities of using CHS and its regulation factors as anti-fungal targets.

Abstract:Objective To breed and identify NLRP3 gene knock-out mice. Methods The NLRP3 gene knock-out heterozygote mice were bred alone and copulated. The offsprings were to have three genotypes: wild genotype, heterozygote genotype and homozygote genotype. Genomic DNA was obtained from each pups and were subjected to PCR and T7 endonuclease 1 to identify the genotype. The homozygote mice were mated with the opposite sex heterozygote mice to obtain more homozygote pups. Results Breeding and reproducing were both successful, and we obtained heterozygote genotype and homozygote genotype mice with NLRP3 gene knock-out. Conclusion Correct methods of breeding, reproducing and identifying can effectively obtain NLRP3 gene knock-out mice from heterozygote mice.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the relationship between ABO blood group system and the risk of gastric cancer by performing a case-control study and meta-analysis. Methods In our case-control study, 930 cases of gastric cancer and 8426 cases with other diseases were enrolled as control, Which were collected from changhai hospital. And the Pubmed were searched, the initial time is unlimited, the deadline is December 31, 2013. Two reviewers evaluated the quality of the included case-control studies by NOS scale and extracted the data independently. The meta-analysis was performed by Meta-Analyst 3.13 software. Results The case-control study showed that blood type A might be a risk factor of gastric cancer（OR=1.58；95%CI：1.37~1.81）. The results of meta-analysis showed that the risk of gastric cancer in blood group A was significantly higher than that in non-A groups (OR=1.28；95%CI：1.01~1.62) and individuals with blood group O demonstrated a low risk of gastric cancer(OR=0.84；95%CI：0.73~0.96), But subgroup analysis found that there were differences at home and abroad. Conclusion ABO blood group system is associated with the risk of gastric cancer; Type A is one of the risk factors of gastric cancer, and there are differences at home and abroad.

Abstract:Objective To identify differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in different Fuhrman grade renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissues, and to investigate the association of one of these lncRNAs-renal carcinoma related factor (RCRF) with the clinicopathologic features of RCC patients, helping the prognosis of RCC patients. Methods A total of 6 RCC tumor tissues were used for lncRNA chip screening, with 3 being FuhrmanⅠgrade and the rest being Fuhrman Ⅲ-Ⅳ grade. Then another 40 RCC tumor tissues (22 FuhrmanⅠ-Ⅱgrade and 18 Fuhrman Ⅲ-Ⅳ grade) and the matched adjacent noncancerous tissues were subjected to qPCR examination for RCRF expression, and the relationship of RCRF expression with the clinical stage, tumor grade, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis was analyzed. Results A total of 320 differentially expressed lncRNAs were screened out from RCC tumor tissues. Compared with the adjacent normal tissues, RCC tissues, especially the high grade ones, had significantly up-regulated RCRF expression(P<0.01). It was also found that RCRF expression was associated with the pathological grade, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis of RCC (P<0.05). Conclusion RCRF is up-regulated in high Fuhrman grade tissues and may affect the prognosis of RCC patients.

Abstract:Objective To study the efficacy of 0.5% epidural levobupivacaine for cesarean section and its serum level in the parturients and transportation via the placenta by comparing with 0.5% bupivacaine. Methods Forty healthy parturients undergoing elective cesarean section with epidural anesthesia were randomized to receive 15 ml of either 0.5% levobupivacaine (group L) or 0.5% bupivacaine (group B) in a double-blind fashion. The efficacy endpoint measures included onset, offset, adverse effect, and quality of anesthesia. Neonatal blood gas analyses, Apgar score determinations, and neurobehavioral examinations were performed. The drug concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography in the parturients and neonates; and the serial electrocardiograms were obtained. Results The onset and persistence of sensory block and motor block, maximal block level, electrocardiogram changes, Apgar score determinations, neurobehavioral examinations, and blood gas findings were similar between the two groups. The frequency of hypotension was 75.0% in the levobupivacaine group and 90.0% in the bupivacaine group (P=0.051), and there was no severe adverse reactions. The maximum drug concentrations were seen 30 min later in the parturients, being(896±86) and (901±79) ng/mL in group L and B, respectively, with the areas under the concentration-time curve being (3 167±132) and (2 935±96) h/(ng·mL^-1), and the umbilical vein-to-maternal vein ratios being 0.300±0.091 and 0.279±0.116, respectively. Conclusion Epidural 0.5% levobupivacaine for cesarean section has similar efficacy with 0.5% bupivacaine, and can meet the demand of operation, with less adverse effect to the parturients and no effect to the neonates. The pharmacokinetic parameters and trans-placenta transportation rates are also similar to between levobupivacaine and bupivacaine.

Abstract:Objective To determine the role and mechanism of miR-181a on growth of colon cancer cells. Methods The colon cancer cell lines TCHu102 was cultured routinely, and the endogenous miR-181a was interferedreduced by liposomal transfection of inhibitor or mimic. The growth activity of colon cancer cell was determined by MTT assay. The potential targeted genes of miR-181a were predicted by bioinformatics, and the relationship between miR-181a and PRKCD were identified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The expression level of gene were detected by real-time PCR and western blot respectively. Result The growth activity of colon cancer cell with low miR-181a level was significantly inhibited, with 28.9% of the control group (P<0.01). PRKCD was predicted as the potential targeted gene of miR-181a, and miR-181a could suppress the luciferase activity containing PRKCD 3’UTR. Moreover, the protein levels of PRKCD was significantly lower in colon cancer cells overexpressing miR-181a. Conclusion miR-181a regulated the growth of colon cancer cells by inhibition of PRKCD expression.

Abstract:收集分析近年我院妇产科收治的剖宫产后再次妊娠流产失败3例典型病例资料，发现了罕见的冠状位纵隔子宫、斜隔子宫畸形，提示同道们面对全国各地不断攀升的剖宫产率，随之而来的剖宫产后再次妊娠并予终止妊娠病例中的棘手问题也将不断出现。

Abstract:The long-term outcome and causes of valve disfunction after tricuspid bioprosthetic valve replacement is unclear because this procedure is rare. We reported a rare case who received reoperation three years after tricuspid bioprosthetic valve replacement because of early valve disfunction due to native valve attachment. Literature review revealed an excellent long-term outcome and demonstrated that pannus formation, native valve attachment and valve thrombosis were the main causes of early valve disfunction after tricuspid bioprosthetic valve replacement.