Abstract:Objective To observe the changes of plasma metabolites in rats after heat acclimation and following exercise stimulation, so as to screen the specific marker of heat acclimation. Methods A total of 16 SD rats were randomly divided into control and heat acclimation groups (n=8); rats in the heat acclimation group received 2 hour training a day and those in the control group received no training. After 14 days of heat acclimation, rat orbital blood was collected from control and heat acclimation groups. After a rest for 4 days, rat arterial blood samples were collected under anesthesia after exercising in a thermal environment for 30 min in both groups. The changes of metabolites in the plasmas from control and heat acclimation groups were examined by the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)using Bruker 600 MHz, and the changes of plasma metabolites were analyzed after heat acclimation and stimulation with exercise in thermal environment in rats. Results Compared with control group,the heat acclimation group had significantly increased plasma unsaturated lipid, glutamate, lipid and dimethylamine(P<0.05),and significantly decreased glucose, myo-inositol, taurine, threonine and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)(P<0.05). After heat stimulation with exercise in thermal environment the plasma TMAO, glutamate and lipid were significantly decreased in the heat acclimation group (P<0.05). Conclusion After heat acclimation and exercise stimulation in thermal environment, plasma metabolites undergo great changes in rats. TMAO may serve as a marker of heat acclimation, which provide evidence for establishing evaluation system for heat acclimation.

Abstract:Objective To establish a UHPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of cyclophosphamide (CTX) and its metabolites in rat plasma, including carboxyphosphamide (CPM), 4-ketocyclophosphamide (4-Keto CTX), and dechloroethylcyclophosphamide (DC-CTX). Methods Chromatogram separation was performed on an Agilent poroshell SB-C18 (75 mm×2.1 mm,2.7 μm) column using a gradient mobile phase consisting of methanol and 10 mmol/L ammonium acetate aqueous solution. The flow rate was 0.25 mL/min, column temperature was maintained at 25℃, and the injection volume was 5 μL. The protonated ions of analytes were detected in positive ionization under multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source. The plasma samples were obtained from eight adult male SD rats to measure plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetic parameters of cyclophosphamide and its metabolites. Results It was showed that the linear relationships of CTX, CPM and 4-Keto CTX were good in the range of 20-4 000 ng/mL (r values were 0.998 0, 0.995 3 and 0.998 6, respectively), and the linear relationship of DC-CTX was good in the range of 5-1 000 ng/mL (r=0.996 8). Relative standard deviation (RSD) of intra-day and inter-day for the quality control (QC) samples and the lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) samples were lower than 8.73% and 15.38%, respectively. RSD for matrix factor were in the range of -15%-15%, and the recoveries were in the range of (66.44±5.53)%-(96.66±1.73)%. All analytes showed good stability. The rat plasma pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows:C_max of CTX, CPM, 4-Keto CTX and DC-CTX were (207.52±13.20) μg·mL^-1, (18.47±2.66) μg·mL^-1, (6.59±1.33) μg·mL^-1 and (8.27±1.44) μg·mL^-1, respectively; T_1/2 were (1.28±0.09) h, (5.03±0.48) h, (6.72±0.47) h and (7.47±0.68) h, respectively; and AUC_0→t were (372.52±32.79) μg·h·mL^-1, (65.70±5.04) μg·h·mL^-1, (33.26±11.76) μg·h·mL^-1 and (45.03±8.93) μg·h·mL^-1, respectively. Conclusion The established UHPLC-MS/MS method is simple, sensitive, accurate and selective, which makes it suitable for the comprehensive pharmacokinetic study of high-dose CTX in rat plasma.

Abstract:Objective To observe the efficacy of levofloxacin hydrochloride eye gel (LHEG) in treatment of Staphylococcus aureus keratitis in rabbits. Methods Sixty rabbits with normal eyes were used in this study; their left eyes received intrastromal injection of 10 μL bacterial suspension containing 10⁵ colony-forming unit (CFU) Staphylococcus aureus to establish Staphylococcus aureus keratitis model. Forty-eight rabbits with similar severity of inflammation were randomly divided into four groups:24 h baseline group, phosphate buffer solution (PBS) control group, levofloxacin hydrochloride eye drop (LHED) group, and LHEG group. Rabbits in the 24 h baseline group received slit-lamp examination and were given clinical score, and their corneas were collected for histopathology examination and bacterial quantitation. The other three groups received treatment with PBS, LHED or LHEG three times a day for seven successive days. In the last day, rabbits in these three groups received the same examination as that in the 24 h baseline group. The clinical scores and cornea bacterial quantitation were analyzed with variance analysis, and a P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results Compared with PBS control group, clinical symptoms of LHED group and LHEG group were significantly reduced(P=0.00) on the seventh day, with the clinical scores being (4.21±1.10) and (3.63±0.86), respectively; the numbers of bacterial colonies were also significantly reduced in LHED group and LHEG group (P=0.00), with the numbers being (4.87±0.05) and (4.64±0.10) CFU, respectively. Moreover, LHEG group had a significantly better bacteriostatic effect than LHEG group (P=0.00). Conclusion Local application of LHEG can greatly inhibit the growth of bacterial colony of Staphylococcus aureus and improve the clinical signs of keratitis, with the efficacy being better than that of routinely used LHED in rabbit model of Staphylococcus aureus keratitis.

Abstract:Objective To prepare hyaluronic acid-uricase liposomes (UHLP) and to investigate the activity and stability of UHLP and uricase (UC) in vitro. Methods UHLP was prepared using reverse-phase evaporation and observed by transmission electron microscopy. The entrapment efficiency, particle size and zeta potential of UHLP were detected. The physical and chemical properties of UC in free UC and UHLP, including the optimum pH and temperature, thermal stability, storage stability, pH stability, stability to trypsinase, and stability to metal ions and organic compounds, were examined. In addition, the mechanism by which UHLP promotes UC activity was also explored. Results The mean entrapment efficiency of UHLP was (57.27±3.93)% (n=3), mean particle size was (322.6±8.2) nm (n=3), and mean zeta potential was (-19.4±1.7) mV (n=3). UHLP was round or oval in shape and was evenly distributed under transmission electron microscopy. The optimum temperature of UC in UHLP and free UC was 40℃, and the optimum pH values of UC in UHLP and free UC was 8.0 and 8.5, respectively. Thermal stability, storage stability, pH stability, stability to trypsin and stability to metal ions and organic compounds of UC in UHLP were better than those in free UC. The envelopment of UC with UHLP increased the activity of UC by reversing conformation and exposing active center of UC. Conclusion UHLP can not only enhance the activity but also improve the stability of UC in vitro.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of hydrogen-rich water ([H]H₂O) against tumor growth in mice with colorectal cancer and the related molecular mechanisms. Methods Mice were vaccinated with SW480 cells suspension (4×10⁶ cells/mice) to establish mouse model of colon cancer. The mice in[H]H₂O intervention group were freely allowed to drink[H]H₂O (0.8 mg/kg), which was refreshed three times daily, and the mice in control group were given light water. The tumor weight and volume were measured 28 d after bearing tumor to assess tumor growth, the expression of Ki-67 protein was examined by immunohistochemical method, the apoptosis of tumor cells was observed by TUNEL, and the levels of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and glutathione (GSH) were analyzed using colorimetric method. Micro array was used to screen the differentially expressed genes between control group and[H]H₂O intervention group, and the levels of those genes were verified with qRT-PCR. Results Compared with the control group,[H]H₂O intervention significantly inhibited the tumor growth, reduced tumor weight and volume (P<0.01, P<0.05); moreover, it also reduced the expression of Ki-67 protein (P<0.05) and promoted tumor cell apoptosis (P<0.05). In addition, the ratio of GSSG/GSH was significantly increased in[H]H₂O intervention group compared with that in the control group (P<0.05).[H]H₂O intervention could also regulate the expression of interferon γ-related genes. Conclusion [H]H₂O may exert its antitumor activity via inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis of colon cancer cells, and regulating the intracellular redox state and the expression of interferon γ-related genes.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the feasibility of using 3.0T MRI multi-echo (ME) Dixon technique for liver fat quantification in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods Twenty volunteers were enrolled in this prospective study, and they included 16 NAFLD patients (12 males and 4 females) and 4 healthy volunteers (3 males and one female). All volunteers were examined by routine liver MRI, ME Dixon technique and single-voxel MRS. After examination, the fat fraction (FF) value of Screening Dixon and the FF value of single-voxel MRS with Histo sequence were recorded, and the FF values of 3 regions of interest (ROIs) in the fat fraction map of ME Dixon were manually measured. Finally, the FF values were analyzed with Spearman correlation analysis. Results The Screening Dixon FF value was positively correlated with the FF values of three ROIs of ME Dixon (r=0.842, 0.959, and 0.945 respectively,all P<0.001). Similarly, positive correlation was also found for the FF values of Screening Dixon and 3 ROIs of ME Dixon with the FF value of single-voxel MRS with Histo sequence(r=0.971, 0.842, 0.959, and 0.945 respectively,all P<0.001). Conclusion It is feasible to use 3.0T MRI ME Dixon for evaluating liver fat content in patients with NAFLD, and its results are positively correlated with those of single-voxel MRS. It is valuable for the diagnosis, follow-up and intervention of NAFLD patients.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the value of 3.0T MR diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in diagnosing the renal pelvic cancer and the association of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value with the histological grade and clinical stage of cancer. Methods The clinical data of 33 patients with renal pelvic carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed. Routine MRI and DWI with b-values of 0 and 800 s/mm² were performed, and the examination results were compared with the corresponding pathological results. We then calculated the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values of DWI. The DWI signal characteristics of lesions were recorded and analyzed, and three regions of interest (ROIs), large and small ROIs and minimum ADC (minADC) value, were selected for each lesion. The differences of ADC values between different genders, locations, cancer tissue and normal renal parenchyma, among three ROIs, among different pathological grades, among different clinical stages were compared and analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of Ki-67 in renal pelvic cancer tissues, and the relationship between ADC value and Ki-67 expression was also analyzed. Results The results of DWI with 800 s/mm² b-value showed that the sensitivity, specificity, accurate rate, positive and negative predictive value for renal pelvic carcinoma were 90.9%, 91.4%, 91.2%, 90.9% and 91.4%, respectively. The ADC values were significantly different between normal renal parenchyma and renal pelvic carcinoma tissues (P<0.05), and they were not significantly different between different genders, locations or among small ROI, big ROI and the minADC values. The ADC value of low grade (G₁-G₂) tumors was significantly higher than that of high grade (G₃) ones (P<0.01). The ADC value of cancer cells confined to the renal pelvis (T_a-T₂) was higher than that with local invasion (T₃)(P<0.05). Ki-67 expression was found associated with the pathological grades and tumor stages of pelvic carcinoma, and there was a negative correlation between ADC value and Ki-67 expression (r=-0.88, P<0.01). Conclusion Our findings suggest that the size of ROI may be of little value in diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma, and DWI may contribute to the preoperative assessment of histological grade and clinical stages of renal pelvic carcinoma.

Abstract:Objective To observe the expression of GABA_A receptor in rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) of preeclampsia (PE) rats, so as to explore the role of GABA_A receptor in the mechanisms by which progesterone improves cardiovascular dysfunction in PE rats. Methods Desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) was intraperitoneally injected and 0.9% normal saline (NS) replaced the normal drinking water in pregnant rats to establish rat PE model, and the models were verified by measuring the mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), and concentration of 24-h urine protein. And the model rats were set as pregnant+DOCA+saline (PDS) group. The other three groups included the nonpregnant rats (Con) group, nonpregnant rats receiving DOCA and saline (DS) group, and normal pregnant rats (NP) group. The PDS and NP groups were further divided into two subgroups according to different treatments:progesterone (17-OHPC) or NS administration, and the four groups were designated as NP+17-OHPC, NP+Veh, PDS+17-OHPC and PDS+Veh groups. After three days of 17-OHPC treatment, the levels of progesterone in serum and cerebrospinal fluid were examined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The MAP,HR, RSNA and the 24-h urine protein were measured. Western blotting analysis was used to detect the protein expressions of GABA_A receptor, GABA_B receptor, and the nuclear progesterone receptors (nPGRA and nPGRB). Results Compared with Con, DS and NP groups, the MAP, RSNA and 24-h urine protein were increased significantly in PDS group (P<0.05). Compared with NP group, progesterone levels in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid were significantly decreased in PDS group (P<0.05). Three days after administration of progesterone to rats in PDS group, the MAP, RSNA and 24-h urine protein were significantly reduced (P<0.05), while the levels of progesterone in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid were significantly increased (P<0.05). It was found that the expression of the GABA_A receptor in RVLM was significantly decreased in PDS group compared with NP group (P<0.05), which was reversed after 3 days' administration of progesterone (P<0.05). Compared with NP group, the expression of nPGRB was significantly increased in RVLM of rats in PDS group (P<0.05), whereas progesterone treatment for 3 days produced a significant decrease of nPGRB (P<0.05). The expressions of GABA_B receptor and nPGRA were not significantly different between PDS and NP groups. Conclusion The expression of GABA_A receptor is decreased in the RVLM of PE rats, which can be reversed by progesterone administration.

Abstract:Objective To explore the conditions of transfecting bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) gene into human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLFs) by SonoVue and its effects on osteogenesis differentiation of HPDLFs. Methods The HPDLFs were primary cultured and transfected under different conditions (concentrations of SonoVue, different ultrasound exposure intensity and time) to screening for the optimum parameters. Cells were randomly divided into four groups:SonoVue+plasmid+ultrasound group, liposome+plasmid group, ultrasound group, and blank control group. After transfection with the corresponding strategies, the alkaline phosphatase activity was detected on day 3, 5, 7 and 9 d, and alizarin red staining was applied to check the calcium nodus on day 21 d, respectively. The mRNA expression of osteopontin (OPN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), typeⅠcollagen (ColⅠ), osteocalcin (OCN), and runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx2) was detected by RT-PCR on day 7, 10 and 14 d of transfection. Results The transfection rate and the cell survival rate were relatively high under the following condition:0.8 W/cm², 90 s and 20% SonoVue solution, and they were selected as the final transfection parameters. Both alkaline phosphatase activity and matrix mineralization content in SonoVue+plasmid+ultrasound group were significantly higher than those in blank control group and ultrasound group (P<0.05) at all time points. RT-PCR results revealed that the expression of OPN, BSP, ColⅠ, OCN and Runx2 mRNA in SonoVue+plasmid+ultrasound group was significantly higher than that in the ultrasound group and blank control group (P<0.05), but was similar to that in the liposome+plasmid group (P>0.05). Conclusion The BMP2 gene can be successfully transfected into HPDLFs by SonoVue and can induce osteogenesis differentiation of HPDLFs, which lays a foundation for its application in periodontal tissue engineering.

Abstract:Objective To explore the effect of long-term alcohol consumption on morning blood pressure surge (MBPS) and its association with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in males with hypertension. Methods According to the findings of our questionnaire survey, 199 male patients with hypertension were divided into non-drinking, giving up drinking and mild, moderate and heavy drinking groups. The fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), heart rate (HR) and body mass index (BMI) were examined in all patients. The 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and echocardiography were performed and the left ventricular mass index (LVMI)were calculated. The data were analyzed by using SPSS 10.0 software. Results The FPG, TC, TG, HDL,LDL HR, BMI and other parameters had no significant differences among the 5 groups (P>0. 05). The levels of 24-hour mean systolic blood pressure(24h SBP), daytime mean systolic blood pressure (dSBP) and nighttime mean systolic blood pressure(nSBP) in the non-drinking, giving up drinking and mild drinking groups were significantly lower than those in the moderate and heavy drinking groups (P<0.05). The percentages of dipper systolic blood pressure and dipper diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher, the MBPS value, incidence of increased MBPS, LVMI and incidence of LVH were significantly lower than those in the moderate and heavy drinking groups (P<0.05). The above parameters were not significantly different among non-drinking, giving up drinking and mild drinking groups (P>0.05). The average daily alcohol comsumption was positively correlated with MBPS value and LVMI in the moderate and heavy drinking groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Long-term moderate and heavy drinking can affect the circadian rhythm of blood pressure, and aggravate MBPS and LVH in males with hypertension. The MBPS and degree of LVH increase with the increase in alcohol consumption.

Abstract:Sulfur mustard (SM) is a bifunctional alkylating agent that can react with multiple biochemical molecules such as DNA, RNA, proteins, and so on, and its alkylation with DNA is one of the major poisoning mechanisms. Presently the pathogenesis of SM included DNA alkylation, poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) activation, oxidative stress, inflammation, activation of immunoregulation and proteolytic enzymes, etc. By now there have been no specific antidotes in clinical treatment, and all the existing drugs are mainly used for symptomatic treatment. The drugs used clinically and currently being under development include free radical scavengers, antioxidant agents, PARP inhibitors, anti-inflammatory drugs and protease inhibitors. This review summarized the advances in pathogenesis of SM and the corresponding protective drugs.

Abstract:Antithrombotic method, ventricular rate control,electrical cardioversion and catheter ablation are the main methods for atrial fibrillation treatment. The use of catheter ablation provides a new method for atrial fibrillation treatment. With the deeper understanding of the mechanism for atrial fibrillation generation and maintaining, catheter ablation also achieved continuous developments, including atrial ablation, pulmonary vein trigger ablation, complex fractionated atrial electrogram ablation, and rotor ablation, etc. This paper reviewed the progress on different operation methods of cathether ablation for atrial fibrillation,hoping to provide new theoretical basis for treatment of atrial fibrillation.

Abstract:Objective To study the application of artificial dermal scaffold in treatment of large area avulsion injury. Methods The clinical data of twenty inpatients with large area avulsion injury who were treated in the Department of Burn and Trauma Surgery of Changhai Hospital between January 2011 and December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed in this study. The 20 patients, aged 6-68 years old and with avulsion area of 10%-40% total body surface area (TBSA), were divided into 2 groups according to treatments, with ten cases in each group. The wounds in the treatment group were treated with debridement plus artificial dermal scaffold plus Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT); NPWT was changed 5-7 days and the vascularization was observed. The wounds in control group were treated with debridement plus NPWT, and autograft implant surgery was done in both groups according to the vascularization degrees. The time intervals from debridement to skin grafting, the survival rate of the skin-graft, and the healing time and quality of the donor area were all observed. Results Compared with the control group, the treatment group exhibited a significantly longer time interval from debridement to skin grafting([13.30±2.06] d vs[7.90±1.10] d, P<0.05), a significantly shorter healing time ([8.10±0.99] d vs[13.10±1.10] d, P<0.05), and a better healing quality (4.40±1.58 vs 7.80±1.14, P<0.05) in the donor sites. While at the recipient sites, there were no significant differences in the survival rate of the skin-graft([87.30±5.27]% vs[85.10±5.53]%), or the healing time([17.80±1.14] d vs[18.70±2.06] d) and quality(8.40±1.07 vs 9.00±1.05) between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Early application of artificial dermal scaffold combined with NPWT for treatment of large area avulsion injury can avoid large grafting and reduce trauma, which can help to keep patients in stable status; meanwhile it can promote vascularization process and improve the healing time and quality of wounds, especially in the donor sites.

Abstract:Objective To design a nailing guiding device to improve individual atlas pedicle screw implantation, avoiding the damage of adjacent tissues and reducing the risk of operation. Methods Three-dimensional data of CT scan of 30 adult atlas were collected and analyzed by SPSS 21.0 software with 95% reference value range. The height of the posterior arch in starting point, the horizontal distance between starting point and the center of posterior tubercle, and the longitudinal distance from starting point to cortical bone of anterior arch through the center of lateral mass were determined for designing the guiding device. The designing steps included:(1) the fixing device of guider was designed with posterior tubercle of atlas as the anchor point; (2) based on the anchor point, vertical lifting rod and lateral vernier stents were installed to resist the external force of nailing and to preliminarily locate the starting point refering to the preoperative imaging data, repectively; (3) a needle sleeve was installed on the transverse stents, and the position of starting point and the direction of screw were determined; and (4) other parts included 2 mm diameter needle, screw nut, screw driver, etc. Clinical study:the designed guider was used in patients with atlanto-axial dislocation or instability, and patients receiving tranditional therapy were taken controls. The efficay of designed guider was evaluated by comparing the success rates and operation time of the two methods. Results The nailing success rate of the designed guider was significantly higher than that of the control group (96.15%[25/26] vs 84.61%[22/26], P=0.025). The Operation time of the guider group was significantly shorter than that of control group ([123.38±5.59] vs[137.62±4.15] min, P<0.05). Conclusion We have successfully designed an individual guiding device for atlas pedicle screw implantation, which can help to improve the operation efficiency.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the relationship between acute stress reaction and locus of control of pilots after flight accidents of other pilots in the same unit. Methods After two flight accidents, the psychological stress status of the 82 pilots in the same units were examine by Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Internal, Powerful others and Chances (IPC), and the relationship between the locus of control and the negative psychological reaction was analyzed. Results We found that after two flight accidents 34 (41.46%) pilots in the same unit had physiologic problems, whose main problems were sleep disorder. Psychologically, 24 (29.27%) pilots showed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); 3 (3.65%) pilots showed severe anxiety, with SAS scores be higher than 70, and 6 (7.31%) showed severe depression, with SDS scores higher than 69. The negative impacts (anxiety, depression, and acute stress reaction) after the second accident were significantly greater than the first one (P<0.01). The scores of acute stress reaction, anxiety and depression were positively correlated with the powerful others and chance (P<0.05), and negatively correlated with the internal control (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion Locus of control is an important factor to influence the mental health of pilots, and the external control and chance are the main inducement of psychological problem in pilots, and pilots with these mental qualities should be the main targets for mental crisis intervention after flight accidents.

Abstract:Widespread distribution, strong toxicity, and difficulty to detoxicate make marine biotoxins a great threat to the nation's public security and health. To meet this threat, great endeavor has been devoted to marine biotoxin analysis. Up to now the methods for marine biotoxins analysis include bioassay test, immunoassay, liquid chromatography, enzyme activity assay, cytotoxicity test, etc. In this review, we summarized the major technique developments in marine biotoxins analysis.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) by summarizing the surgical experience Methods The clinical data of 230 patients who underwent RAPN in Changhai Hospital from March 2012 to June 2015 were analyzed. The patients included 161 males and 69 females, with an average age of (51.1±12.1) years old. There were 111 tumors in the left kidney and 118 in the right, with 1 case having tumors in bilateral kidneys. There were 13 hilar tumors and 8 endophytic tumors. There were 54 large tumors (>4 cm in diameter) and 3 tumors in solitary kidney. Preoperative glomerular filtration rate (GFR) test was normal in all cases. Kidney CTA scan showed single branch of the renal artery in 211 cases, two branches in 16 cases, and three branches in 3 cases. Results The surgery was successfully completed in all the 230 cases. A total of 198 cases were via transperitoneal approach, including 191 cases with medial camera port placement, 6 with lateral camera port placement and 1 with mix port placement; and 32 cases were via retroperitoneal approach. The mean surgery duration was (196±59) min and the mean blood loss was (148.3±126.5) mL, despite 2 cases having a blood loss of more than 1 000 mL. There were 3 intraoperative blood transfusion cases and one conversion to open surgery. The mean warm ischemia time was (20.7±9.1) min. The mean postoperative hospital stay was (8.9±3.3) days. Serious gross hematuria occurred in 3 patients after the surgery, which was relieved by conservative treatment in one patient and DSA super-selective bleeding artery embolization in 2 patients. Urinary leakage occurred in one case and was cured by complete drainage. Cerebral embolism occurred in one case. Postoperative pathology reported malignant tumor in 195 cases, including renal clear cell carcinoma in 179 cases, chromophobe cell carcinoma in 11 cases and papillary renal cell carcinoma in 5 cases. T₁N₀M₀ tumor was found in 154 cases and T_2aN₀M₀ tumor was found in 41 cases; angiomyolipoma and other benign tumors were found in 35 cases. The maximum diameter of the tumor ranged from 1.3 to 9.0 cm, averaging (3.41±1.57) cm. There were no positive surgery margins in our cohort. Conclusion RAPN is a safe and effective surgery for local renal tumors, and it has significant advantages in complete resection of the renal tumors and the reconstruction of the kidney.

Abstract:Objective To compare the effects of chemical penetration enhancers and negative electret in promoting percutaneous penetration of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) through rat scar and dorsal skin in vitro, so as to lay a foundation for preparing delayed-release 5-FU electret transdermal patch. Methods The in vitro transdermal behaviors of 5-FU through rat scar and dorsal skin under the actions of 1% azone, 10% ethyl oleate, -1 000 V electret, -1 500 V electret and -2 000 V electret were studied using improved Franze diffusion cell and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results (1) Both 1% azone and 10% ethyl oleate promoted the penetration of 5-FU through rat scar and dorsal skin, with the promoting effect of 10% ethyl oleate being better than that of 1% azone. (2) Although the transdermal behaviors of 5-FU were similar through scar skin and dorsal skin at the presence of chemical enhancers, the cumulative penetration amount through the scar skin was less than that through the dorsal skin. (3) The negative electrets used in this study had satisfactory penetration promoting effect, with the promoting effect from strong to weak being -2 000 V electret > -1 500 V electret > -1 000 V electret. Moreover, the scar skin also had less cumulative penetration amount of 5-FU than that of the dorsal skin under the action of electrets. Conclusion Both the chemical enhancers and electrets can enhance the transdermal delivery of 5-FU. 10% ethyl oleate and -2 000 V electret have the best enhancing effect on 5-FU transdermal delivery and can be considered for preparation of 5-FU electret transdermal patch.

Abstract:Objective To explore the effect of age on prognosis of patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicated with diabetes mellitus (DM) after radical resection. Methods The clinical data of 250 patients with HBV-related HCC complicated with DM who received radical resection were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University and the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital and were retrospectively analyzed. The patients aged 30-80 years old and were divided into the elder group (≥60 years, n=58) and the non-elder group (<60 years, n=192). Propensity score matching (PSM) method was used for covariate balance and the overall survival (OS) rates were compared between the two groups. Cox regression was used to analyze the risk factors influencing the prognosis of HCC. Results In the PSM cohort (n=53 in elder group, n=85 in non-elder group), the 1-, 3-, 5-year OS rates were not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.15). The results of Cox multivariate regression analysis revealed that age was not significantly associated with OS of patients with HBV-related HCC complicated with DM. Conclusion Elder age seems not to decrease the OS of patients with HBV-related HCC complicated with DM after radical resection; elder patients can obtain similar survival as the non-elder ones.

Abstract:Objective To explore the influence of trait curiosity on subjective well-being (SWB) of retired PLA military cadres. Methods A total of 73 retired military cadres were recruited for this study. Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness (MUNSH) was employed to examine the SWB of the participants. Curiosity and Exploration InventoryⅡ (CEI-Ⅱ) was used to measure the trait curiosity, including stretching and embracing. Hierarchical regression was used for data analysis. Results (1) After controlling the self-reported health, the use of trait curiosity significantly improved the explained variance in SWB (ΔR²=0.07, F=3.26, P<0.05). (2) Trait curiosity facets were significant in predicting SWB, but their directions were opposite:stretching positively predicted SWB (β=0.39, P<0.05) and embracing negatively predicted SWB(β=-0.32, P<0.05). Conclusion Trait curiosity is an important factor of the SWB of retired military cadres in Chinese army, with stretching and embracing playing different roles, with higher stretching score associated with higher degree of SWB and higher embracing score associated with lower degree of SWB.

Abstract:【】Objective In order to deepen the doctors’ understanding of Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis(CTX),the writer analyzed the clinical characteristics of 19 Chinese patients who were diagnosed of CTX. Method By consulting the databases such as CNKI in China and then combining a confirmed case in our hospital, a retrospective analysis of onset age, age of diagnosis, clinical manifestation, CMRI, pathology, gene and biochemistry of 19 Chinese patients diagnosed of CTX was made. Result 19 patients from 17 families were enrolled. Their average diagnosis interval was as long as 17 years. Walking unstable, mental retardation and memory deterioration are the main neurological symptoms, and the primary non-neurological symptoms were bilateral Achilles tendon boss and cataract. Conclusion This is the first time to analyze the Chinese patients’ clinical characteristics of CTX. The doctor should pay attention to CTX and improve diagnosis and anti-diastole levels, because its average diagnosis interval is so long.

Abstract:Objective: The objective of present study was to examine the changes of melatonin receptor agonist Neu-P11 on expression of p-IRS-1/PI3K/p-GSK3β in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and to research the variation mechanisms, observe Neu-P11 improving insulin resistance because of p-IRS-1/PI3K/p-GSK3β abnormal expression of signaling pathways leading. Thereby, we can deeperly study the impact of Neu-p11 on theinsulin signaling pathway in adipocytes from insulin resistant mice.Methods: 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were cultivated and differentiated in adipogenic cocktailby IBMX, DEX and insulin; Confirm the establishment of insulin resistance model. The changes of p-IRS-1/PI3K/p-GSK3βprotein expressions before and after drug action were detected by Western blot; Results: Expression of Pp-IRS-1/PI3K/p-GSK3βreduced significantly by comparison with IS (P < 0.05). Melatonin and Neu-P11 can increase obviously the expression of p-IRS-1/PI3K/p-GSK3β(P < 0.05). But Luzindole can blockthe effect of melatonin, Neu-P11 increasing p-IRS-1/PI3K/p-GSK3β (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Melatonin and Neu-P11 can increase obviouslysignificant protein the expression of insulin receptor signaling pathway(P < 0.05). Neu-P11 and Mel improve important protein expression of insulin signaling pathway by coupling with melatonin receptor 2.

Abstract: