Abstract:Acupuncture is the leading discipline of traditional Chinese medicine and undertakes the communication between traditional Chinese medicine and other natural sciences. With the rapid development of life science and technology and the exponential growth of knowledge, traditional acupuncture faces significant opportunities and challenges. In the context of great development of life sciences, we have re-recognized acupuncture, and we believe that acupuncture effects have corresponding material basis and regulatory mechanisms. The full embodiment of life science in the definition of acupuncture will contribute to the synergetic development of clinical and basic acupuncture research. In this paper, we discussed the value of acupuncture in life science based on the concepts of acupuncture and material basis of acupuncture effects.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the feasibility and advantages of five skills summarized by relative motion theory in reducing difficulty of suturing the kidney during retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 89 patients undergoing retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in the Department of Urology of Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University between Jan. 2014 and May 2016. There were 42 cases in the control group and 47 cases in the skill group. Five skills including "move, add, push, pull, and shift" were strictly applied to reconstruct the kidney in the skill group, but not fully used in the control group. Warm ischemic time, operation time, intra-operative blood loss, renal function and complications were compared between the two groups during and after operation. Results The operations were successfully completed in all the 89 cases. The average warm ischemic time was (22.4±4.9) min and the operation time was (96.0±11.6) min in the skill group; while those in the control group were (24.5±4.8) min and (102.0±13.7) min, respectively, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the intra-operative blood loss, blood transfusion or artery injury between the two groups. No complications such as urine leakage or post-operative bleeding were observed in either groups. Conclusion The five skills summarized by relative motion theory are clinically feasible and safe in retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, and can shorten operation time and renal warm ischemic time.

Abstract:Objective To explore the risk factors and clinical features of intra-procedural rupture (IPR) in the interventional treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA), so as to reduce the incidence of IPR. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and imaging features of patients with UIA who received interventional treatment in Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University from Jan. 2010 to Feb. 2017. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to analyze the risk factors of IPR. Results A total of 1 232 patients with UIA were included in this study. IPR occurred in 11 patients (0.89%). Univariate analysis showed that cardiac comorbidities (P=0.025), anterior communicating artery aneurysm (P=0.009), irregular morphology (P=0.001), and the use of stents (P=0.016) were associated with IPR. Multivariate analysis showed that cardiac comorbidities (OR=6.919, P=0.008), irregular morphology (OR=9.758, P<0.001) and anterior communicating artery aneurysm (OR=4.648, P=0.024) were independent risk factors of IPR, while stents placement was a protective factor of IPR (OR=0.238, P=0.026). Conclusion Cardiac comorbidities, irregular morphology and anterior communicating artery aneurysm are independent risk factors of IPR in the interventional treatment of UIA. Stents and flow diverters are safe and feasible in treating UIAs, with low risk of IPR.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinical value of total hysterectomy in the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 283 patients undergoing total hysterectomy for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University from Jan. 2009 to Dec. 2016. Among the patients, 206 cases received loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) before total hysterectomy (pre-operative LEEP group),28 only received total hysterectomy directly after colposcopy biopsy (hysterectomy group) and 49 received LEEP during total hysterectomy (intra-operative LEEP group). The changes of pathological grade and the lesion residual rates of the patients before and after operation were compared. The effect of clinicopathological features (age, pregnancy times, partus times, abortion times, menopausal years, pathology, human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, tumor family history and so on) on postoperative residual lesion were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results The cure rate, lesion residual rate, pathological downgrade rate and pathological upgrade rate in the pre-operative LEEP group was 35.92%(74/206), 64.08%(132/206), 63.11% (130/206) and 3.88%(8/206), respectively, and two cases with canceration were found. In the hysterectomy group, the consistent rate of pathological diagnosis before and after operation, pathological downgrade rate and pathological upgrade rate were 57.14%(16/28), 35.71%(10/28) and 7.14%(2/28), respectively, and one case with invasive carcinoma was found after operation. The lesion residual rate, pathological downgrading rate and pathological upgrading rate in the intra-operative LEEP group were 40.82%(20/49),65.31%(32/49) and 8.16%(4/49), respectively, and two cases with invasive carcinoma were found after operation. Univariate analysis showed that age and menopausal years were the factors influencing lesion remaining after LEEP (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that patients with longer menopausal years had lower risk of lesion remaining (P=0.02). The pregnancy times, partus times, abortion times, lesion involving glands, positive margins, HPV infection and family history of cancer had no significant effects on postoperative lesion remaining. Conclusion Total hysterectomy plays an important role in preventing the recurrence of cervical precancerous lesion and reducing the incidence of invasive carcinoma. It is suitable for people with few screening opportunities, poor follow-up conditions and no fertility requirements. Patients with high grade intraepithelial lesion who are not menopausal or have short menopausal years need to be followed up more closely and can receive total hysterectomy if necessary.

Abstract:Objective To screen chemotherapeutic drugs that can synergistically inhibit the proliferation of glioblastoma cells with CCND1 by constructing CCND1-silenced and overexpressed human glioblastoma cell lines SHG-44. Methods SHG-44 cells with CCND1 silenced or overexpressed were constructed, and the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp, expression product of multidrug resistance gene MDR1) and apoptotic factors (Bcl-2, Caspase-3) in the cells were detected by Western blotting. The SHG-44 cells with CCND1 silenced or overexpressed were cultured with carmustine (BCNU), lomustine (CCNU) and temozolomide (TMZ), respectively; and then the available chemotherapeutic drugs were screened, which could synergistically inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells with CCND1 sliencing. Human glioblastoma cell lines U251 were used to verify the findings in SHG-44 cells. Results Western blotting analysis showed that CCND1 silencing significantly down-regulated the expressions of MDR1 and Bcl-2, and up-regulated the expression of Caspase-3 (all P<0.01). There were no significant differences in cell growth curves between the CCND1-silenced cells treating with BCNU (0.05 μg/mL, 0.25 μg/mL) and CCNU (20 μg/mL, 80 μg/mL) for 2, 3, 4, and 5 days; However, the proliferation of CCND1-silenced SHG-44 cells was significantly inhibited by TMZ (9.1 μg/mL) compared with parent SHG-44 cells on the 4^th and 5^th day after treatment (P<0.05). The findings that CCND1 silencing promoted chemosensitivity of TMZ were confirmed by U251 cell experiments. Conclusion CCND1 silencing combined with TMZ is more effective in inhibiting the proliferation of human glioblastoma cell lines SHG-44 than CCND1 silencing or TMZ alone, suggesting that CCND1 may be involved in chemotherapeutic resistance of glioblastoma cells to TMZ.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of senescence-associated secretory phenotype-conditioned medium (SASP-CM) on the proliferation of human gastric cancer cell lines BGC823. Methods BGC823 cells were divided into three groups:SASP-CM group, tumor cells control-conditioned medium (CTR-CM) group, and normal-conditioned medium (NOR-CM) group. BGC823 cells in the SASP-CM group were treated with paclitaxel (PTX) to establish senescent cell model and to prepare SASP-CM. The establishment of senescent cell model was confirmed by senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining. The concentrations of major SASP factors in SASP-CM were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, the proliferation ability of BGC823 cells was detected by CCK-8 assay and cell clone formation assay, and the cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Results After treating BGC823 cells with 35 nmol/L PTX for 72 h, a steady senescence model was established, which had the highest percentage of senescence cells ([66.95±3.54]%). The concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), and interferon γ (INF-γ) in the SASP-CM were significantly higher than those in the CTR-CM (all P<0.01). The relative clone formation rate of BGC823 cells in the SASP-CM group was significantly higher than those in the CTR-CM group (P<0.01) and NOR-CM group (P<0.05). The proliferation activity of BGC823 cells in the SASP-CM group was significantly higher than that in the CTR-CM and NOR-CM groups after incubation for 48, 72 and 96 h (all P<0.05). The percentage of S phase cells in the SASP-CM group was significantly higher than that in the CTR-CM and NOR-CM groups (both P<0.01), and there was no significant difference in cell apoptosis rate between groups. Conclusion SASP-CM can promote the proliferation of human gastric cancer cell lines BGC823.

Abstract:Objective To explore the effects of high phosphate (Pi) condition on the cholesterol accumulation in macrophage and its underlying mechanisms. Methods The human monocytic cell line THP-1 derived macrophages were divided into control group (concentration of Pi being 1.0 mmol/L), high Pi exposure group (concentration of Pi being 3.0 mmol/L), phosphonoformic acid (PFA) treatment group (concentration of Pi and PFA being 1.0 mmol/L) and high phosphate plus PFA treatment group (concentration of Pi and PFA being 3.0 mmol/L and 1.0 mmol/L, respectively). Intracellular neutral lipids were observed by Oil Red O staining. Cholesterol contents were quantified by enzyme catalyzed colorimetry. qPCR was used to dectect the relative mRNA expressions of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCoAR), low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) cleavage activating protein (SCAP), and their proteins and nuclear SREBP 2 (N-SREBP2) protein expressions were assessed by Western blotting. The translocation of SCAP from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to Golgi body was observed by laser confocal microscope. Results Compared with the control group, the macrophages in the high Pi exposure group showed an obvious aggregation of neutral lipids and significantly increased contents intracellular cholesterol ester and total cholesterol (P<0.05). The mRNA and protein expressions of LDLR and HMGCoAR, and protein level of N-SREBP2 in macrophage nucleus in the high Pi exposure group were increased significantly in comparison to the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The SCAP translocated obviously from ER to Golgi body. However, above-mentioned changes were significantly suppressed by PFA treatment (high Pi plus PFA treatment group) (P<0.05, P<0.01). Furthermore, the significant increase of protein level of SCAP induced by high Pi treatment (P<0.05) was suppressed by PFA treatment, but there were no differences in SCAP mRNA expressions in each group (P>0.05). Conclusion Under high Pi condition, sodium-phosphate transporter Pit-1 mediates the entry of phosphorus ions into the macrophages. High Pi concentration in macrophages up-regulates the protein level via an post transcriptional pathway and induces the dysfunction of SCAP, which facilitates the transport of SREBP2 from ER to Golgi body. SREBP2 in Golgi body is splitted, activited and releases N-SREBP2. The N-SREBP2 translocates into the nucleus and promotes the expressions of LDLR and HMGCoAR, increasing exogenous LDL uptake and endogenous cholesterol synthesis leading abnormal accumulation of intracellular cholesterol.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the role of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its agonist 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-ribonucleoside (AICAR) in mice with chronic stress-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods BABL/c mice were randomly divided into control group, stress group, stress plus AICAR group (ST+A group) and AICAR group. The mouse models of chronic stress was established in the stress and ST+A groups, and the mice were injected with AICAR 500 mg/kg in the ST+A and AICAR groups. Before and after treating with AICAR, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α[TNF-α] and interferon γ[IFN-γ]) in plasma of mice were detected by ELISA, the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol, triglyceride and free fatty acid in plasma were determined by automatic biochemical analyzer, the hepatic steatosis was detected by hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) staining and Oil Red O staining, and the expression of AMPK protein in liver tissues was detected by Western blotting. Results Chronic stress caused liver function damage (the levels of ALT and AST were significantly increased, P<0.01) and liver steatosis in mice, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (P<0.05) and free fatty acid (P<0.01) were significantly increased and the liver AMPK protein expression was significantly decreased (P<0.01). AICAR improved the liver cell steatosis, and alleviated the changes of above indicators. Conclusion Chronic stress may induce NAFLD through AMPK signaling pathway, and AMPK agonist AICAR can alleviate NAFLD caused by chronic stress.

Abstract:Objective To understand the genotypic infection status of human papilloma virus (HPV) in patients with gynecological diseases in Shanghai, and to analyze the diagnostic value of HPV genotyping in cervical disease, so as to provide reference for rational application of screening methods. Methods We analyzed the examination results of 12 670 patients with various gynecological diseases who voluntarily received the HPV genotyping test in Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine in 2016, and statistically analyzed the infection status of different genotypes of HPV. Among them, 504 cases with clinical symptoms or HPV infection received ThinPrep cytologic test (TCT) and colposcopy histopathological examination. The relationship between high-risk HPV infection and cervical lesion was analyzed according to the pathological diagnosis of cervical lesions. Results The overall HPV infection rate was 23.66% (2 998/12 670), of which 84.09% (2 521/2 998) were infected with high-risk type HPV; the overall infection rate of high-risk HPV was 19.90% (2 521/12 670), and the overall infection rate of low-risk HPV was 3.76% (477/12 670). Among the patients infected with HPV, the rate of single type infection was 71.21% (2 135/2 998), the rate of double infection was 16.94% (508/2 998), and the remaining were infected with more than two types. There were no significant differences in low-risk HPV infections between different age groups, while the patients in low-age group had high infection rate of high-risk HPV (P<0.01). In the high-risk HPV infection, the five subtypes of the highest infection rate were HPV52, HPV16, HPV53, HPV58, and HPV51. In the low-risk HPV infection, the top three infection types were HPV81, HPV43, and HPV42. With the escalation of cervical lesions level, the infection rate of high-risk HPV was increased. HPV genotyping was more sensitive than TCT in screening cervical disease, and its negative predictive value was higher, which had great significance for ruling out cervical cancer. HPV infections in cervical cancer cases were HPV16, HPV18 and HPV52. Conclusion HPV genotyping has high accuracy and clear genotype, and is more effective in screening cervical lesions when combined with TCT and histology, contributing to the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. HPV genotyping has high sensitive and negative predictive value in screening cervical lesions, indicating that it can replace TCT or combine with TCT in initial cervical cancer screening.

Abstract:Objective To test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Grit-12 in military college students, so as to provide a reliable measurement tool for studying grit levels of college students. Methods The items of original Grit-12 were translated and back-translated to survey 337 participants in primary test, and were verified by SPSS 21.0 to form the official Chinese version of Grit-12. A total of 997 students were formally surveyed with the Chinese version of Grit-12, in which 201 students were assessed for exploratory factor analysis and reliability test using SPSS 21.0 software; 796 students were assessed for confirmatory factor analysis using Amos 17.0 software and for validity test by psychological capital scale (PCQ-24). After 2 weeks, 47 of 796 students were retested. Results The Chinese version of Grit-12 included 12 items, and the factor loading of each item was over 0.56. The accumulating explanatory rate of the 12 items was 47.54%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the Chinese version of Grit-12 had a good construct validity, with χ²/df=2.31, comparative fit index (CFI)=0.97, Tucker-Lewis index (TLI)=0.94, goodness of fit index (GFI)=0.97, incremental fit index (IFI)=0.97, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)=0.05, and square residual mean root (SRMR)=0.06. The total score of the Chinese version of Grit-12 and the scores of subscales were positively correlated with the total score of psychological capital and subscale scores (all P<0.001). The Cronbach α coefficient of the Grit-12 was 0.83, and the α coefficients of the two subscales were 0.76 and 0.82, respectively. The retest reliability (correlation coefficient) of the Chinese version of Grit-12 was 0.80. Conclusion The Chinese version of Grit-12 has good validity and reliability, suggesting that it can be used for assessing grit levels of military college students.

Abstract:Objective To explore the mediating effect of social support on the relationship between negative emotion and coping style in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women. Methods A total of 202 HIV-infected pregnant women were enrolled by a convenient sampling method in this study. Participants completed questionnaires including social support rating scale (SSRS), knowledge, attitudes and practices scale for preventing mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (KAPS-PMTCT), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS), Berger HIV stigma scale (BHSS), and simplified coping style questionnaire (SCSQ). The relationships of these variables were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and structure equation modeling analysis. Results The correlations between negative emotion, social support and coping style were all significant. Social support was negatively correlated with negative emotion (P<0.05) and negative coping style (P<0.01), and was positively correlated with positive coping style (P<0.01). Negative emotion was weakly negatively correlated with positive coping style (P=0.07), and was strongly positively correlated with negative coping style (P<0.01). Structure equation modeling analysis showed that negative emotion indirectly affected the coping style of HIV-infected pregnant women mainly through the mediating effect of social support (χ²/df=1.835, foodness of fit index[GFI]=0.975, adjusted goodness of fit index[AGFI]=0.961, normed fit index[NFI]=0.950, incremental fit index[IFI]=0.938, comparative fit index[CFI]=0.981, parsimony comparative fit index[PCFI]=0.452, root mean square error approximation[RMSEA]=0.064), with the total amount of mediating effect of the positive coping style and negative coping style being -0.273 and 0.522, respectively. Conclusion Social support is an important mediator between negative emotion and coping style in HIV-infected pregnant women.

Abstract:Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma) is the most common malignant renal tumors of childhood. With the development of various medical skills, the survival rate has been greatly improved for Wilms tumor children. Researches have shown that patients with Wilms tumor have different outcomes due to diverse histological classification. Deepening the understanding of tumor molecular typing may help to understand the biological characteristics of tumor better and distinguish different tumors, contributing to treatment and prognosis prediction of children with Wilms tumor. In this review, we summarized the progress of molecular typing markers in pediatric Wilms tumor.

Abstract:Astrocytes are the most widely distributed non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system, and they play essential roles in maintaining efficient neurotransmission through supply of energy metabolites, turnover of neurotransmitters, and blood-brain barrier formation. Currently, the understanding of astrocytes in the pathogenesis of depression is becoming clearer with the study of astrocyte function in the brain. Studies have shown that the morphology and function of astrocytes are significantly changed in patients with major depressive disorder, and animal experimental studies have shown that the loss of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells can induce depression in rats. In this paper, we reviewed the role of astrocytes in the pathogenesis of depression.

Abstract:Inflammatory reaction plays an important role in hematoma formation, tissue debris removal and fibrous tissue formation during the first stage of fracture healing. M1 and M2 macrophages participate in the process of fracture healing through pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects, respectively. Tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin and other cytokines secreted by macrophages can regulate the activities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Bone tissue bioengineering studies found that functional tissue engineering can promote angiogenesis and fracture healing by regulating inflammatory reaction. Therefore, exploring the role of macrophages in the process of fracture healing may provide new insights for promoting fracture healing.

Abstract:Patients with hip osteoarthritis or other hip joint diseases suffer from pain, limited joint function and psychological disorder, which are responsible for difficulties in sexual life. Total hip arthroplasty can effectively relieve the pain of hip joint and improve the range of joint motion, thus improving the frequency and performance of sexual life of patients. Good quality of sexual life is related to the postoperative satisfaction of patients. However, patients can hardly get the correct guidance on this. After total hip arthroplasty, male patients are earlier to recover sexual life than female patients. The time of the most patients to recover sexual life is 1-3 months after surgery, and the safe position of sexual life is stand position. Sugerons should make positive and correct guidance for patients and their sexual partners about safe resumption of sexual life after total hip arthroplasty.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of meticulousness of pathologists on the lymph node harvest after radical resection of invasive rectal carcinoma in paients following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Methods The clinical data of 191 patients with rectal cancer (stage Ⅰ to Ⅲ) undergoing radical excision after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University from Jan. 2005 to Dec. 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Since Jan. 2009 when multidisciplinary cooperation was carried out, pathologists and surgeons suggested that no less than 15 lymph nodes in single rectal specimen should be found by meticulousness of pathologists, according to which patients were divided into routine sampling group (n=46) and meticulousness group (n=145). The harvest number and positive rate of postoperative lymph nodes were compared between the two groups. Results The lymph node retrieval in the meticulousness group was significantly more than that in the routine sampling group (13.1±4.9 vs 9.6±4.0, P<0.01), and the percentage of patients with the lymph node harvest equaling or more than 12 was significantly increased (69.7% vs 33.3%, P<0.01). There were no significant differences in the positive node harvest number (1.8±2.9 vs 1.9±3.8, P=0.334) or positive rate of lymph nodes (50.0% vs 38.6%, P=0.172) between the two groups. The positive rate of lymph nodes of patients in T0, T1, T2, T3, and T4 stages in the two groups were 25.0%(1/4) and 22.7%(5/22), 0.0%(0/1) and 33.3% (1/3), 9.1%(1/11) and 25.0%(8/32), 70.0%(21/30) and 47.1%(40/85), and 0.0%(0/0) and 66.7%(2/3), respectively. There were no significant differences in T stages between the two groups (χ²=4.55, P=0.209). Conclusion The lymph node harvest number is increased by meticulousness of pathologists after multidisciplinary cooperation, while the positive node harvest number and positive rate of lymph nodes are not increased, suggesting that supplementary measures should be taken to obtain more accurate lymph node status of patients with rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the relationship between resilience, cognitive emotion regulation strategies and fatigue reaction of navy soldiers. Methods A total of 846 soldiers were selected from a navy troop by convenience sampling method, and were tested by cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire-Chinese version (CERQ-C), Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) and multidimensional fatigue inventory scale (MFI-20). SPSS 21.0 software were used to analyze the relationship between the variables. Results Non-adaptive emotion regulation strategy was positively correlated with fatigue reaction in the soldiers (P<0.01), and the three dimensions of resilience were negatively correlated with fatigue reaction in the soldiers (P<0.01). Both resilience and cognitive emotion regulation strategies could independently explain the variance of fatigue reaction of the soldiers, in which self-improvement (β=-0.206, P<0.05) and adaptive strategies (β=-0.229, P<0.01) had significant negative predictive effects on fatigue reaction of soldiers, while non-adaptive strategies (β=0.406, P<0.01)had significant positive predictive effects on fatigue reaction. The mediating effective value of resilience on adaptive strategies and fatigue reaction of soldiers was 0.53×(-0.36)=-0.19, z=7.02, and on non-adaptive strategies and fatigue reaction of soldiers was (-0.30)×(-0.36)=0.108, z=5.12. Conclusion Cognitive emotion regulation strategies has direct effect on fatigue reaction of navy soldiers, and it also has indirect influence on the fatigue reaction through the mediating effect of resilience.

Abstract:Objective To discuss the role of medical protection patterns in preventing exertional heat stroke during 5-km armed field examination in summer. Methods We analyzed the original data collected from 501 soldiers who completed the 5-km armed field examination in the summer of 2016. The soldiers received medical protection during examination and were divided into fully-equipped group (loading 9-12 kg, n=270) and non-equipped group (n=231). The temperatures of the soldiers were detected before and after examination, and the temperature changes and the number of soldiers with hyperthermia after examination were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 501 soldiers took part in the 5-km armed field examination, and 51 (10.18%) soldiers were found with fever (temperature >37℃), with a highest temperature of 40.9℃. Nine were put on a temporary stay in the field medical facility. Among them, four were observed because of the temperature maintaining at 38℃ for 15 min, and their temperatures dropped to below 37℃ after cooling fluid infusion for 50-120 min; four were observed because of chest tightness, suffocation, and abdominal pain; one was observed because of faint; the latter five cases were improved without other treatments. No case was evacuated to the hospital. There was no significant difference in temperature between the fully-equipped and non-equipped groups before the examination, while the temperature in the fully-equipped group was significantly higher than that in the non-equipped group after the examination ([36.64±0.67]℃ vs [36.48±0.38]℃, P<0.05). The number of soldiers with hyperthermia in the fully-equipped group was significantly more than that in the non-equipped group after the examination (16.67%[45/270] vs 2.60%[6/231], P<0.05). Conclusion The 5-km armed field examination in summer can elevate temperatures of the soldiers and has risk of inducing heat stroke. Establishing a targeted medical protection pattern during the examination may help to timely detect fever in the soldiers and give prompt treatment, so as to effectively prevent heat stroke.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the efficacy of calcium sulfate artificial bone combined with allograft bone and calcium sulfate artificial bone alone in the treatment of benign bone tumors in the lower limbs. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 97 patients with benign bone tumor in the lower limbs who received treatment in the Department of Joint and Bone Disease, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University from June 2010 to June 2015 and met the study criteria. Thirty-two patients received calcium sulfate artificial bone combined with allograft bone grafting (combined group), and the other 65 patients received calcium sulfate artificial bone grafting alone (artificial bone group). The incidence of postoperative incisional adverse events and the bone defect rate after the complete absorption of artificial bone of patients were compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative incisional adverse events between the combined and artificial bone groups (15.6%[5/32] vs 26.2%[17/65], P>0.05), while the bone defect rate after the complete absorption of artificial bone was significantly different between the two groups (9.4%[3/32] vs 29.2%[19/65], P=0.028). Conclusion Calcium sulfate artificial bone combined with allograft bone has a satisfactory effect in the treatment of benign bone tumors in the lower limbs. The combination of the two may reduce the risk of bone defects after complete absorption of artificial bone and do not increase the adverse events of surgical incision.

Abstract:Objective To explore the correlation between placental growth factor (PlGF) expression and sperm quality in seminal plasma, and to evaluate its clinical significance in patients with oligoasthenospermia and azoospermia. Methods A total of 88 patients undergoing seminal fluid detection were enrolled from the Department of Reproductive Medicine Center of Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University from Sep. 2014 to Nov. 2014. The patients were divided into three groups according to the test results:ten cases with normal semen (normal group), 68 cases with oligoasthenospermia (oligoasthenospermia group), and ten cases with azoospermia (azoospermia group). Semen samples from five patients with normal semen and 5 patients with oligoasthenospermia were collected and assayed for cytokine-related protein microarray. The contents of PlGF in seminal plasma were detected by ELISA. The correlations between PlGF concentration and the sperm concentration and activity in seminal plasma and the age of patients were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results The contents of PlGF in seminal plasma in the normal group were significantly higher than that in the oligoasthenospermia and azoospermia groups (P<0.05). The level of PlGF in seminal plasma was related to the concentration and activity of sperm (r=0.362, 0.253; P<0.05), but not to the age of patients. Conclusion The level of PlGF in seminal plasma is correlated with the sperm concentration, providing reference for diagnosis and treatment of oligoasthenospermia and azoospermia in clinic.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinical safety and efficacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in the treatment of superficial lesions of gastric mucosa, and to analyze the related factors and management of complications of ESD treatment. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 116 patients with superficial lesions of gastric mucosa undergoing ESD, evaluated the efficacy of ESD, observed the appearance and treatment of complications of ESD, and analyzed the factors influencing intraoperative and postoperative complications. Results The ESD was successfully completed in all cases, with the en bloc resection rate being 99.1% (115/116) and the complete cure rate being 95.7% (111/116). The average tumor size was (25.0±11.6) mm, and the average operation time was (56.6±20.5) min. The incidence rates of acute slight bleeding during operation and delayed bleeding were 3.4% (4/116) and 0.9% (1/116), respectively, without acute hemorrhage; 5 cases of bleeding were successfully treated by coagulation hemostasis and hemoclip. Perforation occured in 3 cases (2.6%) and was closed by hemoclip during operation; all cases of perforation had no pneumoperitoneum and were treated successfully by conservative method. Review at 2 months after ESD showed that the ulcer healing rate was 100%. The average follow-up time was (20.3±5.1) months. Gastric angle (χ²=7.937, P=0.01) and the postoperative pathological results as early carcinoma (χ²=9.145, P=0.005) were risk factors influencing the intraoperative bleeding and perforation complications. Conclusion ESD is a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment, and has high operation success rate. The prevention of bleeding should be emphasized during and after ESD operation. Perforation complications also should be discovered during the early stage of operation, which can contribute to complete effective closure of perforation under endoscope in most cases.

Abstract:Objective To detect the relaxation property of mesoporous silica nanocapsules loaded liposomes (MSN-LIPO), and to explore their functions of enhancing MRI T₂ weighted imaging. Methods In vitro, MSN-LIPO with different iron concentrations were scanned by MRI system to detect their relaxation properties. In vivo, six BALB/c nude mouse models with subcutaneous malignant glioma were established and randomly divided into two groups, which were injected with the same concentration of MSN-LIPO intratumorally and intravenously, respectively. The mice in the two groups were scanned by MRI before and after injection, and the image characteristics were studied and the signal intensity of tumors was statistically analyzed. Results In vitro MRI imaging showed that the signal intensities of the images were gradually decreased with the increase of iron concentrations in MSN-LIPO, and 1/T₂ had a good linear relationship with the concentration within a certain range, with the relaxation rate (r₂) being 413.7 mmol^-1·s^-1. MRI imaging of BALB/c nude mouse models with malignant glioma showed that the signal intensity of the tumor after intra-tumor injection of MSN-LIPO was significantly lower than that before intra-tumor injection (15.34±1.24 vs 211.44±5.34, t=36.38, P<0.05), and the signal intensity of the tumor after intravenous injection of MSN-LIPO was significantly lower than that before intravenous injection (179.00±4.35 vs 235.99±5.17, t=14.34, P<0.05). Conclusion MSN-LIPO has good magnetic relaxation property and good MRI T₂ weighted contrast enhancement function in vivo, suggesting that it can be used as a MRI T₂ contrast agent.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the antibacterial effects of the combination of calcium hydroxide and new triple antibiotics against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). Methods Eighty single rooted premolar teeth (intact and normal development) were included in this study. E. faecalis infected model was established in vitro. Model teeth were divided randomly into five groups with 16 teeth in each group, and the teeth in the five groups were treated using normal saline (NS group), calcium hydroxide (CH group), conventional triple antibiotics (mixed with metronidazole, minocycline and ciprofloxacin, TAP group), new triple antibiotics (mixed with ornidazole, minocycline and ciprofloxacin, NTAP group) or new triple antibiotics in combination with calcium hydroxide (NTAP+CH group), respectively, as intracanal medicament. The colony-forming units were counted at day 3 and day 7 after operation using colony-counting method. Scanning electron microscope was used to confirm the bacterial counting results. Results The colony-forming units on day 3 and day 7 of post-operation in the NTAP and NTAP+CH groups were both significantly lower than those in the TAP and CH groups (both P<0.05). Compared with the NTAP group, the NTAP+CH group showed a significant decrease in colony-forming units on day 3 of post-operation (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference on day 7 between the two groups (P>0.05). Scanning electron microscope results showed fewer bacteria on the root canal walls in the NTAP and NTAP+CH groups than the other three groups. Conclusion Antibacterial effect of new triple antibiotic used alone or in combination with calcium hydroxide for E. Faecalis is superior to conventional triple antibiotics and calcium hydroxide. So new triple antibiotic used alone or in combination with calcium hydroxide can be considered as an effective alternative intracanal medicament.

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