Abstract:Rigid bronchoscopy (RB) is one of the oldest bronchoscopic techniques. Since the advent of flexible bronchoscopy (FB) in 1970s, usage frequency of RB procedures has rapidly decreased, which made many clinicians question its clinical value. However, the fact of prosperous"rigid hot"in China has appeared in the field of interventional pulmonology in recent years, which confused some pulmonologists-why does RB become hot in the field of interventional pulmonology domestically? what is the practical value of RB in the endoscopic procedures of modern respiratory diseases? how about the developing trend and application prospects of RB in future? This review summarized and discussed the existing debates as well as the latest progress on RB in clinical application, and put forward our views and opinions.

Abstract:Objective To compare the peri-procedural complications and mortality between stent-assisted coiling versus coiling-only in the treatment for acute ruptured intracranial wide-necked aneurysms. Methods We retrospectively collected the clinical data of patients with acute ruptured intracranial wide-necked aneurysms who underwent stent-assisted coiling (stent group, n=133) or coiling-only (coiling-only group, n=289) between Jan. 2012 and Dec. 2014 in Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University. After 1:1 propensity score matching, 104 cases were matched in each group. Baseline characteristics, peri-procedural complication incidences and mortality were compared between the two groups. Results The baseline characteristics (gender, age, location, relationship with parent vessel, maximum diameter, Hunt-Hess grade and Fisher grade of the aneurysms) were similar in the two groups (all P>0.05). The hemorrhagic and thromboembolic complication incidences and mortality in the stent and coiling-only groups were 6.7% (7/104), 3.8% (4/104) and 1.9% (2/104), and 1.9% (4/104), 1.9% (4/104) and 1.0% (1/104), respectively, and the differences were not statistically significant (χ²=1.858, 0.172, 0.000; P=0.173, 0.679, 1.000). Conclusion The stent-assisted coiling and coiling-only are both safe and feasible for acute ruptured intracranial wide-necked aneurysms. Stents do not increase the risk of peri-procedural complication.

Abstract:Objective To explore the factors related to the identification of benign or malignant pulmonary ground-glass nodule (GGN) through studying the clinical features of patients with lung GGN diagnosed by pathology. Methods The clinical data and imaging data from 181 patients, who were pathologically confirmed to have lung GGN in Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University from Oct. 2013 to Oct. 2016, were retrospectively analyzed. Statistical software SPSS 19.0 was used to conduct univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis of influencing factors of benign or malignant lung GGN. The coincidence of chest CT diagnosing benign or malignant lung GGN and the pathology diagnosis was analyzed with Kappa consistency test. Results Of the 181 patients, 106 had malignant lung GGN and 75 had benign lung GGN. Univariate analysis showed that age, smoking index, maximum diameter of GGN, spiculation, lobulation, pleural indentation, vacuole sign, air bronchogram sign and CT value were the influencing factors for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lung GGN (all P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that aged, spiculation, lobulation, pleural indentation, air bronchogram sign, vacuole sign and increased CT value were independent risk factors of malignant lung GGN (all P<0.05). Compared with benign lung GGN, chest CT had a higher accuracy in diagnosing the malignant lung GGN (80.3% vs 65.3%, χ²=5.698, Kappa=-0.122, P=0.017). For the benign GGN, inflammatory lesions were more likely to be misdiagnosed versus tuberculosis (χ²=22.626, Kappa=0.593, P<0.001). Conclusion For older patients with chest CT signs including lobulation, spiculation, pleural indentation, air bronchogram sign, vacuole sign and increased CT value, malignant lung GGN should be highly suspected. When diagnosing benign lung GGN, the doctors should comprehensively analyze patient general situation, clinical features and imaging findings of the patients.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the state of early marginal bone resorption of different implants in posterior-tooth areas and to explore the related influencing factors. Methods The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed in 96 patients undergoing posterior implant restoration with bone tissue level implants (bone tissue level implant group) and 104 patients with soft tissue level implants (soft tissue level implant group) from Feb. 2013 to Feb. 2016. All patients underwent X-ray examination immediately and at 12 weeks after implantation. With the changes of implants marginal alveolar bone heights as the evaluation basis of early marginal bone resorption, the early mesial and distal marginal bone losses were compared between the two groups. The differences in periodontal health indexes (plaque index[PLI], bleeding index[SBI] and probing depth[PD]) and marginal fitness of implants at 12 weeks after implantation were recorded and analyzed. Pain score (numerical rating scale[NRS]) within 4 weeks after implantation were compared between the two groups. The 200 patients were divided into excellent group (bone resorption<1.5 mm) and poor group (bone absorption ≥ 1.5 mm) according to the state of early marginal bone loss. The general data, including age, gender, location of missed teeth, local health of implant, implant diameter, implant length, implanting methods, and smoking, were compared between the two groups. The independent risk factors of early marginal bone resorption of implants were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results There were no significant differences in early mesial or distal marginal bone losses, periodontal health indexes (PLI, SBI, or PD) or grade A rate of marginal fitness of implants between the bone tissue level implant group and soft tissue level implant group at 12 weeks after implantation (all P>0.05); there was no significant difference in NRS score between the two groups within 4 weeks after implantation (P>0.05). The differences in age, gender, location of missed teeth, implant diameter, implant length and other general data were not statistically significant between the excellent group (n=148) and the poor group (n=52, all P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that non-embedded implanting, poor local health environment of implant and smoking were independent risk factors of early implant marginal bone resorption (all P<0.05). Conclusion Bone tissue level implant and soft tissue level implant have similar early marginal bone resorption and high value in posterior-teeth implant restoration. Non-embedded implanting, poor local health environment of implant and smoking are closely related to early marginal bone resorption and need to be taken into account.

Abstract:Objective To assess the influencing factors of pneumothorax incidence after CT-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy. Methods The clinical and imaging data of 597 patients, who underwent CT-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy in Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University from Jan. 2013 to Apr. 2015, were retrospectively analyzed. Pearson Chi-square test, continuity-adjusted Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the general characteristics, nidus factors and operational factors between the post-operative pneumothorax and non-pneumothorax patients. Parameter estimation and hypothesis test of logistic regression model were used for univariate and multivariate analyses of the above-mentioned parameters. Results The incidence of pneumothorax after CT-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy was 26.97% (161/597). There were significant differences between the post-operative pneumothorax and non-pneumothorax groups in the age, nidus length-diameter, nidus depth, body position, traversing aerated lung, traversing interlobar fissure and traversing subpleural bleb (Z=1.971, Z=3.823, Z=2.169, χ²=29.196, χ²=11.967, χ²=23.353, χ²=29.970; P<0.05, P<0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that the age>68 years old (OR=1.021, 95% CI 1.002-1.040, P=0.032), traversing aerated lung (OR=2.251, 95% CI 1.110-4.566, P=0.025), traversing interlobar fissure (OR=5.092, 95% CI 2.630-9.861, P<0.001) and traversing subpleural bleb (OR=6.313, 95% CI 2.312-17.243, P<0.001) were risk factors of the post-operative pneumothorax, and nidus length-diameter<3.1 cm and supine position were the protecting factors (OR=0.826, 95% CI 0.732-0.933, P=0.002; OR=0.318, 95% CI 0.209-0.483, P<0.001). Conclusion The age, nidus length-diameter, body position (supine), traversing aerated lung, traversing interlobar fissure and traversing subpleural bleb are the influencing factors of pneumothorax incidence after CT-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy.

Abstract:Objective To prepare a lipoic acid (LA) modified intrinsically disordered protein-cytosol-localizing internalization peptide 6 (CL) nanocomplex (LA-CL) entering cells by non-endocytosis mechanism for co-delivery of gene and chemotherapeutic drugs, and to investigate its transfection efficiency and cellular uptake on human embryonic kidney cell line HEK293 cells and its release behavior in vitro. Methods We synthesized four disulfide cross-linked lipoic acid modified LA-CLss(1-4) at different cross-linked degrees using different mass fractions (2.5%, 5%, 10% and 20%) of cysteine as cross-linking agent. The construction of LA-CLss was characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (¹HNMR) and gel permeation chromatography. The LA-CLss/plasmid enhanced green fluorescent protein (pEGFP) nanocomplexes were self-assembled with LA-CLss and pEGFP at different nitrogen/phosphorus (N/P) ratios (2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80). The size and zeta potential of LA-CLss/pEGFP nanocomplexes were determined by particle size analyzer, and the pEGFP enrichment capacity of LA-CLss was determined by agarose gel electrophoresis. The docetaxel (DTX)-loaded micelles were prepared by ultrasonic emulsification, and the critical micelle concentration of LA-CLss3 was determined by pyrene fluorescence probe spectroscopy. The LA-CLss/pEGFP nanocomplexes were co-cultured with HEK293 cells, and the transfection efficiencies of LA-CLss/pEGFP nanocomplexes at different cross-linked degrees were investigated. Results ¹HNMR results showed the LA-CLss was successfully synthesized. When N/P ratio was 40, the transfection efficiency of LA-CLss3/pEGFP nanocomplex by HEK293 cells was significantly higher than that of LA-CL/pEGFP, LA-CLss1/pEGFP, LA-CLss2/pEGFP and LA-CLss4 nanocomplexes. The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of docetaxel-loaded micelles prepared by ultrasonic emulsification were (85.25±0.04)% and (8.81±0.02)%, respectively. Cellular uptake test showed that the gene could be effectively delivered into the HEK293 cells by the LA-CLss micelles. In vitro release experiments showed that the LA-CLss micelles had redox-responsive drug release behavior. Conclusion The prepared LA-CLss/DTX/pEGFP nanocomplex is expected to become an efficient vector for co-delivery of gene and chemotherapeutic drugs.

Abstract:Objective To explore the expression and role of programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in sorafenib-resistant human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Methods Sorafenib-resistant human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (Hep3B-SR, HepG2-SR) were established by the procedure of stepwise increase in sorafenib concentrations. CCK-8 assay was used to detect half inhibition concentration (IC₅₀). The expressions of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1) and PD-L1 were examined by Western blotting and qPCR. The expression of PD-L1 was silenced by transfecting siRNA into the drug-resistant cells, and the silencing efficiency was tested. After silencing the expression of PD-L1 in the drug-resistant cells, CCK-8 assay was used to detect IC₅₀, the drug-resistance index was calculated, and the expressions of P-gp and MRP1 were examined. Then cell proliferation assay, wound healing assay, colony formation assay and flow cytometry were applied to examine cell proliferation, migration, clone formation and apoptosis, respectively. Results The drug-resistance indexes of Hep3B-SR and HepG2-SR were 5.4 and 5.2, respectively. The expressions of P-gp, MRP1 and PD-L1 in the drug-resistant cells were significantly up-regulated in comparison with the parental cells (all P<0.01). After inhibiting the expression of PD-L1, the drug-resistance indexes of Hep3B-SR and HepG2-SR decreased to 1.8 and 1.5, respectively, and the expressions of P-gp and MRP1 were down-regulated (all P<0.01). Silencing the PD-L1 expression could significantly inhibit the proliferation, migration and colony formation of drug-resistant cells, and could significantly promote the apoptosis (all P<0.01); and these effects were strengthened by combining sorafenib. Conclusion PD-L1 is highly expressed in sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Inhibition of PD-L1 expression can partially reverse the drug-resistance of the cells and significantly enhance the anticancer effect of sorafenib. Inhibiting the expression of PD-L1 can effectively repress the growth of sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cells, which is more if combining with sorafenib.

Abstract:Objective To study the pregnancy complication incidences, delivery manners and pregnancy outcomes of senile pregnant women. Methods The medical records of 10 508 cases of pregnant and delivery women, who were hospitalized for delivery in Obstetrical Department of Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University from Jan. 2010 to Dec. 2016, were collected and analyzed. According to delivery age, they were divided into the senile group (≥ 35 years old, n=1 130) and the non-senile group (<35 years old, n=9 378). Chi-square test was used to compare the incidences of pregnancy complications, cesarean section rate, ratio of cesarean section indications and outcomes of maternal and perinatal infants between the two groups. Results The proportion of senile pregnant women increased from 6.75% (89/1 319) in 2010 to 15.82% (267/1 688) in 2016. The cesarean section rate and the ratio of social factors in the senile group were higher than those in the non-senile group (67.08%[758/1 130] vs 48.51%[4 549/9 378], 42.88%[325/758] vs 10.07%[458/4 549], both P<0.01). The incidences of gestational diabetes mellitus, premature rupture of membrane, placenta praevia, placental implantation abnormality and postpartum hemorrhage of the senile group were significantly higher than those of the non-senile group (all P<0.05). The incidences of pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, pre-eclampsia, chronic hypertension complicating pregnancy of the senile group were significantly higher than those of the non-senile group (all P<0.05). The incidences of liver diseases, diseases of urinary system, abnormal thyroid function, thrombotic diseases and malignant tumor complicated with pregnancy were significantly higher in the senile group than those in the non-senile group (all P<0.05). For outcome of perinatal infants, the onset rates of asphyxia neonatorum, death of perinatal infants and premature infants were significantly higher in the senile group than those in the non-senile group (all P<0.05). Conclusion The risks of pregnancy complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes are increased in senile pregnant women. Appropriate-age pregnancy and perinatal care of senile pregnancy should be advocated in clinic.

Abstract:Objective To explore the effect of antiosteoporotic active fraction from Er-Xian Decoction (EXD) on retinoic acid-induced osteoporosis in rats. Methods Sixty female SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, estradiol valerate (0.2 mg/kg) group and antiosteoporotic active fraction from EXD low-, middle-and high-dose groups (50, 100, 200 mg/kg). Except for the rats of normal group, the others were intragastrically treated with 70 mg/(kg·d) of retinoic acid for 14 days to induce osteoporosis. Then the rats were treated with estradiol valeratse or antiosteoporotic active fraction from EXD (10 mL/kg) for 28 days. The biochemical parameters in serum and urine of rats were detected by ELISA. The bone mineral density and trabecular bone microstructure of distal femur were analyzed with micro-CT. Results The antiosteoporotic active fraction from EXD significantly decreased calcium content in urine and activities of alkaline phosphatase and tartratse-resistant acid phosphatase in the sera of retinoic acid-induced osteoporotic rats (P<0.05, P<0.01). High-dose of antiosteoporotic active fraction from EXD significantly increased bone mineral density of distal femur (P<0.05). And the antiosteoporotic active fraction from EXD improved the trabecular bone microstructure of distal femur in retinoic acid-induced osteoporotic rats. Conclusion Antiosteoporotic active fraction from EXD can reduce bone loss and deterioration of bone microstructure in retinoic acid-induced osteoporotic rats.

Abstract:Objective To explore the therapeutic effects of Baizhu Huanglian Decoction on rats with ulcerative colitis (UC) induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). Methods SD rats were used to make rat UC model by TNBS enema. A total of 74 rats were divided into 6 groups with half of each group being male. Model group had 14 rats, and Baizhu Huanglian Decoction low-, middle-and high-dose groups, control group and sulfasalazine group had 12 rats in each group. One rat in the model group and one in the sulfasalazine group were dead on the 2^nd day of modeling. After modeling, the rats of Baizhu Huanglian Decoction low-, middle-and high-dose group were intragastrically given (2 times a day, each time with 2 mL) Baizhu Huanglian Decoction of 6.895, 13.790 and 27.580 g/kg, respectively. Sulfasalazine group was given sulfasalazine suspension by gavage 0.2 g/kg (2 times a day, each time with 2 mL) and model group was given the same amount of normal saline after modeling. Normal control group was always given normal saline. After 10 days of continuous administration, the body mass and fecal characteristics of the rats were observed. At the end of the administration, the colonic pathological changes of colon and the length of colorectal were measured. The colon pathology and colon mucosal injury index (CMDI) score were evaluated. The levels of nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured by ELISA. Results Compared with the model group, the body mass of the rats were significantly increased on the 4^th-10^th day after administration in the Baizhu Huanliang Decoction low-, middle-and high-dose groups and sulfasalazine group (all P<0.05), which had no significant difference versus normal control group. Fecal characteristic scores of the Baizhu Huanglian Decoction high-dose groups and the sulfasalazine group were lower than those of the model group and the Baizhu Huanglian Decoction middle-and low-dose groups, but the differences were not statistically significant. Compared with the model group, the colorectal lengths of the rats were significantly longer in Baizhu Huanglian Decoction middle-and high-dose groups and sulfasalzine group (all P<0.05). The colon pathology scores were significantly lower in the Baizhu Huanglian Decoction low-, middle-and high-dose group, and sulfasalazine group versus the model group (all P<0.05). CMDI scores of Baizhu Huanglian Decoction high-dose group and sulfasalazine group were significantly lower than those of the model group (both P<0.05). The levels of NO, iNOS, MPO and IL-6 of the rat colonic tissues were significantly lower in Baizhu Huanliang Decoction low-, middle-and high-dose groups, and sulfasalazine group than those in the model group (all P<0.05). Conclusion Baizhu Huanglian Decoction can improve the general condition and colonic lesions of rats with UC, decreasing the levels of NO, iNOS, MPO and IL-6 and reducing the inflammation.

Abstract:Objective To compare the severity and incidence of tibial malrotation after treatment with minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO), intramedullary nail technique (INT) and 3D printing auxiliary MIPO (3D-MIPO) for tibial fracture patients. Methods A total of 180 unilateral tibial fracture patients aged 16 to 60 years were enrolled from Shuguang Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between Jan. 2015 and Aug. 2017. Without consideration of the fracture classification, the patients were divided into MIPO group, INT group and 3D-MIPO group according to the order of the patients entering the study, with 60 cases in each group. The average ages of the patients in the MIPO, INT and 3D-MIPO groups were (39.18±9.10), (39.28±9.23) and (39.07±10.40) years old, respectively. Post-operative CT scanning was carried out at bilateral knee and ankle joint levels, and the differences of rotation angles between the affected side and the healthy side were measured and calculated. The absolute value of the difference that was greater than 10° was defined as malrotation. The severity and incidence of tibial malrotation were compared among the three groups. Results The MIPO, INT and 3D-MIPO groups had no significant differences in the gender, age, or fracture type. All the cases recovered smoothly without infection or loosening of internal fixation, and the wound exudation in individual patients was healed after dressing change. Mean difference value of rotation angle of the MIPO group was (6.85±3.82)°; 9 cases had internal rotation and 51 had external rotation; and 7 (11.67%) cases were diagnosed as tibial malrotation. The mean difference value of the INT group was (6.34±3.44)°, 10 internal and 50 external rotation, 6 (10.00%) tibial malrotation. And the mean difference value of the 3D-MIPO group was (3.96±2.24)°, including 8 internal and 52 external rotation, and 1 (1.67%) tibial malrotation. The mean difference value of rotation angle of the three groups was significantly different (F=13.80, P<0.01). The incidence of tibial malrotation in the 3D-MIPO group was significantly lower than those in the MIPO group and INT group (both P<0.05). Conclusion 3D printing technology can help to reduce the incidence of tibial malrotation after treatment with MIPO.

Abstract:Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of immune complex (IC) on the signal pathways of high-expressed CD40 and CD80 induced by Toll-like receptor (TLR9) agonist CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) in B lymphocytes. Methods The mice were intraperitoneally injected with CpG ODN or IC plus CpG ODN, and the spleen CD19⁺ B lymphocytes were sorted by magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS). The expressions of CD40 and CD80 on the B lymphocytes were detected by flow cytometry. The spleen B lymphocytes were isolated from wild type and immunoglobulin G Fcγ receptor Ⅱb (FcγRⅡb) knockout mice by MACS. After the isolated cells were stimulated with CpG ODN or IC plus CpG ODN in vitro, the phosphorylation levels of related protein kinases were detected in the B lymphocytes by Western blotting. Following CpG ODN stimulation, the B lymphocytes were treated with JNK p38 inhibitor SP600125 (50 μmol/L) or p38 inhibitor SB203580 (20 mg/L), and then the CD40 and CD80 expression levels on the CpG ODN-activated B lymphocytes were detected by flow cytometry. Results IC inhibited CD40 and CD80 expressions on the CpG ODN-activated B lymphocytes in vivo (both P<0.05). IC inhibited the phosphorylation levels of JNK and p38 induced by CpG ODN in B lymphocytes, but did not inhibit them in the B lymphocytes from FcγRⅡb^-/- mice. The CD40 and CD80 expressions on the CpG ODN-activated B lymphocytes were significantly decreased after treated with SP600125 and SB203580 (both P<0.01). Conclusion IC can inhibit the CD40 and CD80 expressions induced by TLR9 agonist CpG ODN through inhibiting the JNK and p38 pathways in B lymphocytes.

Abstract:Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a relatively rare disease with complex etiology and varied clinical characteristics. It is often difficult to make an accurate diagnosis of CVST and there is no effective treatment method. Neuroimaging techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging and cerebral angiography, have been continuously progressing and contribute to the diagnosis of CVST. Most patients respond well to systemic anticoagulation. The patients who are in a serious condition may require endovascular therapy such as local intravenous thrombolysis, mechanical thrombectomy and mechanical fragmentation. This article reviewed the therapeutic management progress of CVST.

Abstract:Breast cancer, a most common malignant tumor of women, is the leading cause of tumor deaths in women, and the incidence shows a gradually younger trend. Early screening is vital to improve prognosis of the patients. As an important functional imaging method, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been widely used in the diagnosis of breast diseases. This article reviewed the application of MRI in the diagnosis, histological grade and molecular typing of breast cancer and the patient prognosis assessment, providing references for the development of MRI technology in breast cancer diagnosis.

Abstract:Recently, three-dimensional (3D) printing gains a lot of attention in the medical field for its potential benefits in manufacturing low-cost and personalized surgical devices. 3D printing models can be applied in pre-operative planning, surgical training and medical equipment development. Many researches have reported that 3D printing technology and 3D printing materials had been used in the field of urology. 3D printing may be a useful and cost-effective tool in the field of urology in the future. Herein, we reviewed the current applications of 3D printing and outlooked the application prospect of 3D printing technology in the field of urology.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the sleep quality and life quality of soldiers in a navy warship troop, and to explore the correlation between sleep quality and life quality and their influencing factors. Methods Random cluster sampling method was used to select navy soldiers from a navy warship troop. The subjects were surveyed by Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) scale and World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief scale (WHOQOL-BREF). Results A total of 160 questionnaires were sent out and 154 valid questionnaires were returned (response rate 94.6%). Of 154 subjects, 31.8% (49/154) had good sleep quality, 53.2% (82/154) had moderate sleep quality, and 14.9% (23/154) had poor sleep quality. The soldiers with good sleep quality had significantly higher scores than those with poor sleep quality in physical, psychological, social and environmental domains of life quality (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Total PSQI score and most of scores of 7 parts of life quality, including subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep time, sleep disturbances, hypnotic drugs, daytime dysfunction and sleep efficiency, were negatively correlated with the scores of 4 domains of sleep quality. There was significant difference in sleep latency of the subjects with the educational level of junior high school, senior high or polytechnic school, junior college, undergraduate college, or graduate degrees (F=5.368, P<0.01), and the subjects with junior college degree had the highest score of sleep latency, while those with undergraduate college degree had the lowest score of sleep latency. Soldiers had a higher score of sleep latency than the officers (t=2.069, P=0.040). There was significant difference in the social domain scores of life quality between navy servicemen with military service time >8 years, 3-8 years and ≤ 2 years (F=3.401, P=0.036). Officers had a higher score of social domain than soldiers (t=-2.093, P=0.038). Conclusion The sleep quality of navy servicemen should be improved. Improving sleep quality can effectively ameliorate life quality. The sleep quality and life quality of navy servicemen are related to educational levels, work categories and military service time. The corresponding psychological and behavioral intervention should be carried out according to the characteristics of different personnels.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) so as to provide evidence for early diagnosis and treatment of EG. Methods The clinical data of 17 patients with EG, who were admitted to Changzheng Hospital of Second Military Medical University from Jul. 2009 to Jan. 2017, were retrospectively analyzed. Results Male patients had a higher prevalence of EG and occurrence ratio of male and female was 2.4:1. Nine (52.9%) of the 17 patients had a history of allergy. The most common symptoms were abdominal pain (13/17, 76.5%), followed by abdominal distension (7/17, 41.2%). Peripheral eosinophil count elevated in the 17 patients. Endoscopic examination showed that the lesions were mainly located in the gastric antrum, gastric body and descendant duodenum, and the most common finding were mucosal erythema. Biopsy of 13 cases and/or ascites examination of 5 cases showed eosinophil infiltration in the lesions. Abdominal CT scanning of 8 cases showed stomach or partial small bowel wall thickening with edema and thickened mesenterium. Glucocorticoid therapy was the main treatment for EG, and it could effectively relieve the symptoms. Seven of 13 cases who were followed up had relapse, with the recurrence rate being 53.8% (7/13), and were improved after administration of glucocorticoid again. Conclusion The clinical manifestation of EG is non-specific, and the endoscopic multi-point biopsy is the key to diagnose EG. Glucocorticoid can effectively relieve symptoms of EG and reduce peripheral eosinophils count.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the prevalence and neutralizing activity of anti-human adenovirus type 55 (anti-HAdV55) among the soldiers in Southwest China, so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of HAdV55. Methods The sera of 325 soldiers in Southwest China were collected, and the anti-HAdV55 in serum was detected by ELISA. The neutralization activity of antibody positive serum was detected by neutralization test in vitro. Results The positive rate of anti-HAdV55 was low (5.85%, 19/325) among the soldiers in Southwest China. Of the 19 cases of positive serum, 14 cases were able to neutralize HAdV55 infection in human laryngeal epithelial carcinoma cell line (Hep-2 cells) with the highest titer being 1:64. Conclusion The positive rate of anti-HAdV55 is low among the soldiers in Southwest China, which suggests the soldiers in Southwest China have a low resistance to HAdV55 infection. Once the individual infection is found, the troops should strengthen the prevention and control of HAdV55 infection to prevent the spreading of infection.

Abstract:Objective To explore the duration of residual dizziness after successful canalith repositioning maneuvers in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and the possible causes. Methods A total of 60 BPPV patients with successful canalith repositioning maneuver were recruited from Department of Neurology of Changzheng Hospital of Second Military Medical University from Oct. 2016 to Jan. 2017. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Hospital Anxeity and Depression Scale (HADS), subjective visual vertical (SVV) and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) were evaluated in the BPPV patients suffering from residual dizziness after successful canalith repositioning maneuvers, and their residual dizziness duration was recorded. According to the residual dizziness duration, the patients were divided into short-term group (≤ 7 d) and long-term group (>7 d), and the difference of clinical characteristics was analyzed. Results There were 36 (60.00%) BPPV patients with residual dizziness after successful canalith repositioning maneuver, and 22 (61.11%) cases recovered within 1 week, and 14 lasted for more than 1 week. Compared with the long-term group, VAS and HADS scores were significantly lower (all P<0.05) and reverse deviation incidence of SVV were higher in the short-term group (63.6%[14/22] vs 28.6%[4/14], χ²=4.21, P=0.04). There was no significant difference in oVEMP abnormality rate between the two groups. Conclusion The transient otolithic dysfunction and central readaption play a role in the occurrence of residual dizziness of the BPPV patients after successful canalith repositioning maneuver, and the residual dizziness usually has mild symptoms and a shorter duration. The residual dizziness with a duration longer than 7 days is associated with mental and emotional factors.

Abstract:Objective To explore the effect of salsalate on the glucose metabolism of obese mice induced with high fat diet (HFD). Methods Eight week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed with HFD in combination with 0.5% of salsalate (SAL group, n=5) or normal saline (control group, n=5) for 40 days. The effect of salsalate on serum glucose level was examined by glucose tolerance test (GTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT). The expressions of endoplasmic reticulumn related proteins, including CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), endoplasmic reticulum-localized DnaJ 4 (ERDJ4), glucose regulated protein (GRP)78 and GRP94, were measured by qPCR and Western blotting. Results The random blood glucose level of obese mice were significantly lower in the SAL group than that in the control group (P<0.05), and GTT showed that the mice in the SAL group had better glucose tolerance. However, there was no significant difference in fasting insulin level between the two groups. ITT showed there was no difference in the change of blood glucose after insulin stimulation between the two groups. The mRNA expressions of GRP78 and GRP94 and protein expressions of CHOP, ERDJ4, GRP78 and GRP94 were significantly lower in the SAL group than those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion Salsalate can alleviate the hyperglycemia of obese mice induced with HFD by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress, and the effect is independent of the insulin secretion.

Abstract:Objective To explore the application of extreme learning machine (ELM) model in predicting the incidence of hand-foot-and-mouth disease, and to compare the difference between ELM model and neural network model. Methods The monthly incidence data of hand-foot-and-mouth disease from May 2008 to Jul. 2017 in Zhangjiakou were collected and formed a time series with 111 data. To validate and evaluate the prediction performance of the two models, 75% of the randomly selected dataset were used to train model and the remaining 25% were used as testing data for prediction. Results and conclusion The mean relative errors (MREs) of learning and prediction based on ELM model were 0.05 and 0.07, respectively. The MREs of learning and prediction based on neural network model were 0.09 and 0.12, respectively. The learning and prediction effects of ELM model are better than neural network model. It can improve the accuracy of prediction and has high application value.

Abstract: