Abstract:Bronchial asthma (abbreviated as asthma) lacks a particularly effective treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely studied in the field of asthma treatment for their roles in inhibiting inflammation and improving airway remodeling, as well as their advantages in respiratory tract administration. In recent years, although the exploration of MSCs on the treatment of asthma has been surging, the results of the clinical trials are not satisfactory. The differences in types of stem cells and pathophysiological characteristics of asthma patients have posed serious challenges to the clinical application of MSCs. This article reviews the current studies on the mechanism and clinical application challenges of MSCs in the treatment of asthma, so as to better understand the therapeutic potential and clinical feasibility of MSCs.

Abstract:Objective To explore the culture of a hepatocellular carcinoma organoid for drug screening, providing clinical reference for individualized treatment. Methods The tumor tissue from a hepatocellular carcinoma patient was digested into single cells and inoculated into Matrigel for culture. The cell morphology of the organoid and primary tumor tissue was observed by hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) staining. Immunohistochemistry staining (IHC) was used to verify the expression of cytokeratin 7 (CK7), cytokeratin 8 (CK8), p53, and glypican 3 (GPC-3) in the organoid and primary tumor tissue; the mutations of tumor-related genes in the organoid were detected by targeted sequencing. Drug screening was carried out according to the targeted sequencing results. The effects of varlitinib (a specific inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor/erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2[ERBB2]), sorafenib (a multi-targeted inhibitor of kinase), cisplatin and nutlin3 (a p53 activator) on the organoid viability were detected by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay. Results The hepatocellular carcinoma organoid with tumor protein p53 (TP53) and ERBB2 gene mutations was successfully established.H-E staining showed that the structural and cytological characteristics were very similar between the organoid and primary tumor tissue. IHC staining showed that CK7 was negative in the organoid and primary tumor tissue, while CK8, p53, and GPC-3 were positive. Targeted sequencing results showed that the mutation genes in the organoid were TP53 (E271K, 100%), ERBB2 (A1232V, 62.29%), RUNX family transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) (E395A, 20.21%), and androgen receptor (AR) (Q91dup, 70%). The results of the cell viability assay showed that the half inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values of varlitinib and sorafenib on the organoid were 2.81 μmol/L and 1.327 μmol/L, respectively; the IC₅₀ of cisplatin was 40.98 μmol/L; while nutlin3 had no significant effect on the organoid. Conclusion We have successfully established a hepatocellular carcinoma organoid with TP53 and ERBB2 mutations. This organoid retains the structural and molecular characteristics of the primary tumor tissue. The results of drug screening may provide a reference for the individualized treatment.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of microRNA (miRNA)-544-3p on hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) induced hepatocellular carcinoma and its molecular mechanism. Methods By injecting HBx-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-14-19 cells into the hepatic portal vein of Kunming mice, an animal model with long-term stable expression of HBx was constructed. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the expression of miRNA-544-3p in HBx-EGFP-14-19 cells and liver tissues of mouse models. miRNA-544-3p mimics and inhibitors were transiently transfected into HBx-EGFP-14-19 cells. The effects of miRNA-544-3p on the migration and invasion of HBx-EGFP-14-19 cells were detected by scratch wound healing assay and Transwell cell migration and invasion assay. qPCR and Western blotting were used to explore the regulatory effect of miRNA-544-3p on the expression of adenosine diphosphate ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6), protein kinase B (Akt) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Results A mouse model that can stably express HBx for a long time was successfully constructed, and malignant tumors could be found in the liver tissues when the mice were sacrificed 360 d after modeling. Compared with the control group, the expression levels of miRNA-544-3p in HBx-EGFP-14-19 cells and HBx model mice at different time points (30, 90, 180, and 360 d after modeling) were decreased (all P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the migration and invasion abilities of HBx-EGFP-14-19 cells transfected with miRNA-544-3p mimics were decreased, and the migration and invasion abilities of HBx-EGFP-14-19 cells transfected with miRNA-544-3p inhibitors were increased (all P<0.05). The results of qPCR and Western blotting showed that the low expression of miRNA-544-3p was correlated with the up-regulation of Arf6 expression and the activation of Akt-mTOR signal axis. Conclusion HBx may promote the invasion and migration of mouse hepatocarcinoma cells by downregulating miRNA-544-3p and activating Arf6/Akt-mTOR signal axis.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00342 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and its mechanism. Methods The expression of LINC00342 in ccRCC tissues was analyzed by the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database, and the relationship between LINC00342 expression and patient survival was analyzed. The expression of LINC00342 in ccRCC tissues and ccRCC cell lines was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and its correlation with the clinicopathological characteristics of patients was analyzed. The ccRCC cells were divided into small interfering RNA group, negative control group, and blank group. The effects of LINC00342 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of ccRCC cells were verified by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) assay, scratch wound healing assay, and Transwell invasion assay. The expression of proteins involved in the epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway was detected by Western blotting. The target genes of LINC00342 were predicted by bioinformatics, and the targeting relationship of LINC00342 and microRNA (miRNA)-384 was validated by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Results The analysis of the GEPIA database showed that LINC00342 was highly expressed in ccRCC tissues, and the patients with high LINC00342 expression had a low overall survival rate (both P<0.05). The qPCR results showed that the expression of LINC00342 was significantly increased in both ccRCC tissues and ccRCC cells (both P<0.05). The patients with high LINC00342 expression had larger tumor size and later clinical stage (both P<0.05). Silencing the expression of LINC00342 by small interfering RNA inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of ccRCC cells (all P< 0.05), down-regulated the expression of vimentin and N-cadherin, and up-regulated the expression of E-cadherin (all P<0.05). Bioinformatic analysis showed that miRNA-384 had a binding site with LINC00342, and the results of dual-luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that miRNA-384 was one of the downstream target genes of LINC00342. Conclusion LINC00342 can promote the malignant phenotype of ccRCC cells. miRNA-384 is one of the downstream target genes of LINC00342.

Abstract:Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hucMSC)-derived exosome (hucMSC-Exo) on wound healing of stage 4 pressure ulcers in mice. Methods hucMSCs were isolated and cultured in primary culture. hucMSC-Exos were extracted from the supernatant of hucMSCs at passage 5 (P5) through differential centrifugation. Twenty-seven BALB/c mice with stage 4 pressure ulcers were randomly divided into hucMSC-Exo group (injected subcutaneously with 100 μg hucMSC-Exo dissolved in 100 μL phosphate-buffered saline[PBS]), PBS group (injected subcutaneously with 100 μL PBS), and model group (without injection of hucMSC-Exo or PBS). The wound healing of pressure ulcers was assessed after treatment, and the wound healing rate was estimated on day 0, 3, 7, 10, and 14. Hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) staining and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes of the wound on day 7 and 14 after treatment. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein related to scar formation was detected by immunohistochemical staining with skin samples on day 7 after treatment. Serum samples were obtained on day 7 and 14 after treatment to detect the dynamic changes of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Results Compared with the PBS and model groups, the hucMSC-Exo group had much shorter wound healing time, less scar formation, and higher wound healing rate. Histopathology examination showed that, compared with the PBS and model groups, the wound injury and inflammatory infiltration in the hucMSC-Exo group were significantly decreased, collagen deposition was greatly boosted, and collagen fibers were orderly arranged and distributed. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of α-SMA protein in the hucMSC-Exo group was lower than those in the PBS and model groups. The results of serum biochemical test showed that SOD activity in the hucMSC-Exo group was higher than those in the PBS and model groups (both P<0.05) on day 7 after treatment, approaching the normal level on day 14; MDA content was lower in the hucMSC-Exo group than the PBS and model groups on day 7 and 14 (all P<0.05). Conclusion Subcutaneous injection of hucMSC-Exo can promote wound healing and minimize scar formation in mice with stage 4 pressure ulcers. The mechanism may be related to the improvement of in vivo oxidative stress levels by hucMSC-Exo.

Abstract:Objective To design a simulator for non-contact heart rate and respiratory rate monitoring research, explain its working principle, and test its performance. Methods STM32F429 development board, electromagnetic bolt, H-bridge driver circuit, direct current push rod, and touch screen were used to design a heart rate and breath simulator. Performance tests were evaluated with parameters including heart rate, heart rate change response, respiratory rate, and respiratory rate change response. Results A heart rate and breath simulator was successfully developed. The adjustable range of the heart rate simulator was 30-250 min^-1 with error in ±2 min^-1. The adjustable range of the respiratory rate of the breath simulator was 1-40 min^-1 with error in ±1 min^-1. The response time of heart rate change and respiratory rate change was both in 15 s, which met its application requirements. Conclusion The heart rate and breath simulator can simulate human physiological signals under different injury conditions by setting different heart rate and respiratory rate parameters, which meets the application requirements for non-contact vital signs monitoring research, and can realize the professional design and verification of performance indicators such as measurement range, measurement accuracy, and response time.

Abstract:Objective To construct an active component-target network and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of Cidan capsule, analyze the functions and pathways involved in the targets, and explore the mechanism of Cidan capsule against liver cancer. Methods The main active components of Cidan capsule were mined through Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). The targets related to the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma of the active components of Cidan capsule were predicted and screened by Search Tool for Interactions of Chemicals (STITCH), GeneCards, and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM). Cytoscape software was used to construct the active component-target network, and String database and Cytoscape software were used to construct the PPI network. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed using the Database for Annovation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Results Eighteen active components of Cidan capsule were screened, and a total of 97 targets related to hepatocellular carcinoma were obtained. The analysis of active component-target network showed that the effect of Cidan capsule was characterized by multiple components and multiple targets. The constructed PPI network involved 88 nodes and 467 edges. The results of GO enrichment analysis showed that cellular processes, biological regulation, metabolic process and response to chemical stimulation were mainly involved in the effect of Cidan capsule on hepatocellular carcinoma. The results of KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the targets of Cidan capsule for hepatocellular carcinoma were mainly involved in tumor necrosis factor (TNF), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Conclusion The effect of Cidan capsule on hepatocellular carcinoma is characterized by multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways, and it may play a role by regulating TNF, PI3K-AKT and MAPK pathways.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the value of balloon-assisted enteroscopy (BAE) in the differential diagnosis of small bowel stenostic Crohn's disease (CD) and other non-infectious benign small bowel stenosis. Methods The clinical data of 67 patients with benign small bowel stenosis who were admitted to the Air Force Medical Center from Oct. 2014 to Jun. 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The diagnosis and treatment process and outcomes after BAE of the included patients were followed up. Consistency between the clinical diagnosis based on BAE and final diagnosis was evaluated. The value of BAE in the differential diagnosis of small bowel stenostic CD and other non-infectious benign small bowel stenosis was evaluated, and the endoscopic performance in patients with small bowel stenostic CD and other non-infectious benign small bowel stenosis were compared. Results Among the 67 patients with benign small bowel stenosis, 4 were lost to follow-up, 2 were diagnosed as lymphoma after follow-up, and finally 61 were included in this study. The follow-up period was 28 (4-73) months until Oct. 30, 2021. The etiologies of benign small bowel stenosis were CD (62.3%, 38/61), cryptogenic multifocal ulcerous stenosing enteritis (CMUSE) (11.5%, 7/61), small intestinal tuberculosis (6.6%, 4/61), ischemic enteritis (4.9%, 3/61), radiation enteritis (3.3%, 2/61), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-related enteritis (1.6%, 1/61), eosinophilic enteritis (1.6%,1/61), Meckel's diverticulum-related small bowel stenosis (1.6%, 1/61), intestinal Behcet's disease (1.6%, 1/61), and unclear (4.9%, 3/61). The overall consistent rate between BAE-based clinical diagnosis and final diagnosis was 80.3% (49/61). The sensitivity and specificity of BAE in the diagnosis of small bowel stenostic CD were 97.4% and 82.6%, respectively. Small bowel stenostic CD patients showed more non-transverse ulcers at the stenosis and more intestinal nonstenostic ulcers in the ileum than other non-infectious benign small bowel stenosis patients (53.1%[17/32] vs 16.7%[3/18], 38.9%[14/36] vs 0; both P<0.05). No significant differences were detected in the location, degree, morphology, or the presence of fibrotic stenosis or multiple stenosis between the 2 groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion BAE has high value in the differential diagnosis of small bowel stenostic CD and other non-infectious benign small bowel stenosis, but it still needs to be combined with clinical manifestations, other examination methods, and long-term follow-up.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the effect of intravenous lidocaine on perioperative outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer by a meta-analysis. Methods PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), SinoMed and Wanfang databases were electronically retrieved to include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effect of intravenous lidocaine on perioperative outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer before Feb. 18, 2021. The literatures were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then the data were extracted and the methodological quality was assessed. The data were analyzed using RevMan 5.4 software. Results A total of 12 studies involving 616 patients were included (307 cases with intravenous lidocaine and 309 cases as placebo control or blank control). Compared with the control group, intravenous lidocaine significantly reduced the scores of visual analogue scale (VAS) at 4 h (mean difference[MD]=-0.85, 95% confidence interval[CI] -1.29 to -0.42, P=0.000 1), 12 h (MD=-0.63, 95% CI-0.89 to -0.38, P<0.000 01), and 24 h (MD=-0.42, 95% CI-0.81 to -0.04, P=0.03) after surgery, shortened the time to pass the first flatus (MD=-9.48, 95% CI-12.17 to -6.78, P<0.000 01) and defecation (MD=-7.60, 95% CI-10.63 to -4.57, P<0.000 01), and decreased the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (relative risk[RR]=0.39, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.58, P<0.000 01); however, there was no significant difference in the hospital stay (MD=-1.04, 95% CI-2.26 to 0.19, P=0.10). Conclusion Perioperative intravenous lidocaine can relieve the postoperative pain of patients with colorectal cancer, shorten the postoperative exhaust and defecation time, and reduce the incidence of nausea and vomiting, providing evidence-based basis for its clinical application.

Abstract:Objective To investigate and analyze the psychological state of professional naval divers and to explore the influence of long-term diving on their psychological state. Methods A total of 170 professional naval divers (80 in shore-based environment and 90 in ship environment) and 155 non-divers in the same living environment (75 in shore-based environment and 80 in ship environment) were selected by cluster sampling. The general stress factor self-assessment (GSFS) scale, military job burnout scale, state-trait anxiety questionnaire, simple coping style questionnaire, and psychological resilience scale were used to investigate their psychological state. The psychological state was compared between divers and non-divers, between divers in ship environment and divers in shore-based environment, and between divers and non-divers in each environment. Results The GSFS score of divers was significantly lower than that of non-divers (P<0.01), the state anxiety score was significantly higher than that of nondivers (P<0.05), and the scores of 3 dimensions (hardiness, strength, and optimism) of psychological elasticity were significantly higher than those of non-divers (all P<0.001). The scores of GSFS, military job burnout, state anxiety, and trait anxiety of ship divers were significantly higher than those of shore-based divers (all P<0.05). In the ship environment, divers' positive coping score was significantly lower than that of non-divers (P<0.01), the scores of state anxiety and trait anxiety were significantly higher than those of non-divers (both P<0.001), and the scores of the 3 dimensions of psychological elasticity were significantly higher than those of non-divers (all PP<0.001). In the shorebased environment, the scores of GSFS, military job burnout and trait anxiety of divers were significantly lower than those of non-divers (all P<0.05), and the scores of the 3 dimensions of psychological elasticity were significantly higher than those of non-divers (all P<0.001). Conclusion The overall psychological state of professional naval divers is sound, but the psychological state of ship divers is worse than those of ship non-divers and shore-based divers. The long-term effect of dual stress factors of ship environment and diving may lead to the increase of trait anxiety of ship divers, which is worthy of attention.

Abstract:The cervical vertebra has the maximum range of motion in the spine, and the decline of quality of life caused by cervical vertebra-related diseases is the most serious one among spinal diseases. Compared with other spinal diseases, cervical deformity has more serious symptoms and poor prognosis. This paper briefly summarizes the classification and etiology of the disease, the measurement and evaluation of imaging parameters, the selection of clinical treatment and the prognosis, and describes the evaluation system and surgical treatment. At present, there is a lack of generally accepted classification system, evaluation system and clear surgical indications for cervical deformities, which needs to be further explored.

Abstract:Psychological selection of military recruits is the prerequisite to ensure the combat effectiveness of the troops. The key to selection is prediction, and the key to prediction is to choose the appropriate criteria. In 1980s, researchers used job performance measurement (e.g. hands-on test, written knowledge test, task performance rating scales, and behaviorally anchored rating scales), administrative/archival records and training performance as criterion to validate armed services vocational aptitude battery (ASVAB) in Army Selection and Classification Project (Project A). In 2000s, researchers used army life survey (ALS), first term attrition, future army life survey (FALS) and criterion situational judgement test as criteria in New Predictors for Selecting and Assigning Future Force Soldiers (Select21). Chinese researchers used predictive elimination accordance ratio to validate Chinese recruitment psychological screen system. At present, there are some problems in the criteria used in the research of psychological selection in our army, such as unable to reflect the combat effectiveness, single function, and single choice; it is of great significance to study the validity of psychological selection concerning these problems. This paper mainly introduces the criterion used by US army and our army in the validity verification of psychological selection of recruits, and discusses the past and prospect of psychological selection in our army.

Abstract:International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is a system by which the World Health Organization (WHO) organizes disease information in alphabetical and numerical codes according to disease characteristics and specific classification rules. ICD has constructed an internationally unified standard for disease classification and constituted the basis of global medical health data, which promotes the sharing and application of global medical information. It has been continuously improved and upgraded according to application needs, and has been widely used in the world. ICD has also been widely used in the military field. For example, the U.S. military has integrated ICD into its health service support system, which has played a fundamental and active role in improving the treatment of combat injuries and optimizing health service decision-making. With an advanced basic model system and a relatively complete content system, ICD-11, the latest version of ICD, has certain advantages for military application. Therefore, to provide strong support for the future health service for warfare, we should learn from the experience of foreign military ICD application based on the existing achievements, construct advanced information classification system for combat injury classification, and improve its advancedness and scientificity.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the epidemiological features of otorhinolaryngology head and neck diseases under the environment of high temperature, high humidity, high salinity, intense radiation and more typhoons among officers and soldiers stationed on an island, analyze their pathogenesis, so as to provide reference for establishing a scientific and reasonable medical support program. Methods The clinical information of officers and soldiers in outpatient department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery from Jun. 2018 to Jun. 2020 was collected, including gender, age, chief complaint, illness profile, visit time, and diagnosis. Diagnostic classification abiding by ear, nose, pharynx, larynx, head and neck was made. Each diagnosis and its corresponding constituent ratio were calculated. Results The outpatient department of otolaryngology head and neck surgery totally received 1 748 visits, which accounted for 3.79% (1 748/46 121) visits of the island hospital. Ear diseases accounted for 27.86% (487/1 748), with 24 kinds of diagnosis, and the highest incidence of the diagnosis was acute otitis externa (n=100, 20.53%), followed by chronic otitis externa (n=70, 14.37%), impacted cerumen (n=56, 11.50%), tinnitus (n=44, 9.03%), otitis externa mycotica (n=34, 6.98%), etc. Nasal diseases accounted for 26.26% (459/1 748), with 14 kinds of diagnosis, and the highest incidence of the diagnosis was chronic rhinitis (n=145, 31.59%), followed by allergic rhinitis (n=136, 29.63%), deviation of nasal septum (n=36, 7.84%), epistaxis (n=34, 7.41%), chronic rhinosinusitis (n=33, 7.19%), etc. Pharyngeal diseases accounted for 32.32% (565/1 748), with 12 kinds of diagnosis, and the highest incidence of the diagnosis was chronic pharyngitis (n=302, 53.45%), followed by acute pharyngitis (n=169, 29.91%), acute tonsillitis (n=48, 8.50%), chronic tonsillitis (n=25, 4.42%), pharyngeal foreign body (n=7, 1.24%), etc. Laryngeal diseases accounted for 9.55% (167/1 748), with 5 kinds of diagnosis, and the highest incidence of diagnosis was chronic laryngitis (n=95, 56.89%), followed by acute laryngitis (n=68, 40.72%), etc. Head and neck diseases accounted for 2.23% (39/1 748), with 8 kinds of diagnosis, and the highest incidence of diagnosis was cervical lymphadenitis (n=18, 46.15%), followed by maxillofacial trauma (n=5, 12.82%), temporomandibular joint disturbance syndrome (n=5, 12.82%), etc. Conclusion Under the complex and hostile environment, there are many kinds of otorhinolaryngology head and neck diseases among officers and solders stationed on an island, and most of the diseases are complicated.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the disease spectrum of officers and soldiers in rehabilitation medicine department of an island hospital, so as to provide reference for the prevention and targeted treatment of common diseases. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the medical records of 4 775 officers and soldiers who first visited the rehabilitation medicine department of an island hospital from Jun. 1, 2018 to Jul. 31, 2020. Using the hospital information system, the gender, age, treatment time and diagnosis of officers and soldiers were collected, and the diseases were classified and counted according to the international classification of disease (ICD)-10 standard. Results There were 4 775 cases of officers and soldiers at their first visits, including 4 703 males (98.49%) and 72 females (1.51%). The top 5 diseases were low back pain (58.35%, 2 786/4 775), neck pain (13.30%, 635/4 775), shoulder pain (7.29%, 348/4 775), knee pain (6.81%, 325/4 775), and ankle sprain (3.31%, 158/4 775); the top 5 diseases of males were low back pain (58.71%, 2 761/4 703), neck pain (13.13%, 617/4 703), shoulder pain (7.36%, 346/4 703), knee pain (6.83%, 321/4 703), and ankle sprain (3.36%, 158/4 703); and the top 5 diseases of females were low back pain (34.72%, 25/72), neck pain (25.00%, 18/72), insomnia (19.44%, 14/72), dysmenorrhea (9.72%, 7/72), and knee pain (5.56%, 4/72). Conclusion Neck, shoulder, low back and leg pains and joint diseases are common in officers and soldiers on the island, which is related to the hostile environment and climate of the island and the intensive training. Health education of prevention training and rehabilitation knowledge should be further strengthened, so as to reduce the incidence and consultation rate.

Abstract:Under the new situation, actual combat training is the only way to ensure the decisive victory of our army in future information war. In recent years, mobile medical service forces in military hospitals closely follow the background of actual combat training, pay close attention to the progress of actual combat training of Chinese and foreign armies, and gradually carry out various forms of simulation training, such as simulation wounded, simulation scenes, and simulation equipments. At present, these simulation training has gradually become an organic part of the actual combat training of mobile medical service forces affiliated to military hospitals. It is of great significance to further strengthen the pertinence and effectiveness of combat readiness training of mobile medical service forces affiliated to military hospitals and improve the effectiveness of combat readiness training.

Abstract:Objective To understand the health and professional consciousness and mental health of military medical students during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. Methods From Feb. 17 to Feb. 20, 2020, an electronic questionnaire was used to investigate the attitudes and coping styles of military medical students towards quarantine and delay of school opening, their attitudes towards online teaching, and health and professional consciousness during COVID-19 epidemic; and their mental health status was scored by symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90). Results A total of 2 736 valid questionnaires were collected. The students basically understood and agreed with the quarantine and delay of school opening during the epidemic, and 70.83% (1 938/2 736) supported online teaching. During the quarantine period, 85.31% (2 334/2 736) of the students chose to listen to music or watch TV series for relaxation, and 64.69% (1 770/2 736) insisted on learning, reading literatures or writing papers. Students could basically form the habits of washing hands frequently and wearing masks, and their consciousness of health protection was higher than that before the epidemic. For military medical students, their professional beliefs and determination have been strengthened during the epidemic, and many students wanted to join in the fight against the epidemic. The survey found that 12.94% (354/2 736) of the students had mental health symptoms, and the top 3 SCL-90 factors were obsessive-compulsive disorder (78.53%, 278/354), interpersonal sensitivity (64.12%, 227/354), and depression (44.07%, 156/354). Conclusion During the epidemic, military medical students can generally adapt to the difficult environment and improve themselves. The mental health problems of military medical students have their own characteristics, special attention must to be paid, and the humanistic education of medical students should be strengthened.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the psychological characteristics of college students during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), so as to provide a basis for psychological intervention. Methods From May 17, 2020 to Jun. 17, 2020, the adjusted psychological questionnaires for emergent events of public health (PQEEPH) was surveyed among the college students of Beijing Union University. The questionnaire included 5 dimensions:depression, neurasthenia, fear, obsessive-compulsive anxiety, and hypochondriasis. Four grades were scored according to the degree and frequency of emotional responses:0 means no symptoms, 1 means mild symptoms, 2 means moderate symptoms, and 3 means severe symptoms. Results A total of 3 019 valid questionnaires were collected. During the COVID-19 epidemic, the emotional responses of college students, from the most serious to the least, were fear, neurasthenia, depression, obsessive-compulsive anxiety, and hypochondriasis, with the incidences being 87.7% (2 648/3 019), 44.8% (1 353/3 019), 37.4% (1 129/3 019), 17.3% (522/3 019), and 11.6% (350/3 019), respectively. The fear scores of female students were higher than those of male students (P<0.001), the fear scores of college students from towns/suburbs were higher than those from rural and urban areas (both P<0.017), the scores of depression, neurasthenia and obsessivecompulsive anxiety of college students with confirmed COVID-19 cases around them or their relatives participated in the epidemic prevention and control as medical staff or logistics support personnel were higher than those without such conditions (all P<0.017), and the scores of depression, obsessive-compulsive anxiety and hypochondriasis of college students with suspected COVID-19 cases around them were higher than those without such condition (all P<0.017). Females were more likely to have moderate to severe fear than males (odds ratio[OR]=1.53, 95% confidence interval[CI] 1.25-1.88, P<0.001), those with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 cases around them were more likely to have moderate to severe fear than those without such conditions (OR=2.03, 95% CI 1.29-3.20, P=0.002), and those living in towns/suburbs were more likely to have moderate to severe fear than those living in rural and urban areas (OR=0.72, 95% CI 0.56-0.94, P=0.015; OR=0.78, 95% CI 0.63-0.97, P=0.025). Conclusion COVID-19 epidemic has impact on the psychology of college students. It is necessary to pay attention to the mental health of college students and provide targeted psychological counseling for them.

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