| 摘要: |
| 大地震后常发生疫病流行，灾后常流行的疫病主要是:肠道传染病（痢疾、伤寒和副伤寒、霍乱、手足口病、甲肝和戊肝等）、虫媒传染病（疟疾、黑热病、乙脑等）、动物源性疾病（鼠疫、肾综合征出血热、炭疽等）、土壤和疫水传播的疾病（破伤风、气性坏疽、钩端螺旋体病等）、呼吸道疾病（麻疹、风疹和流感等）以及食源性疾病（细菌或细菌毒素引起的食物中毒等）。本文就灾后疫病的主要病原体及所致疫病的综合防控原则与方法做一介绍。 |
| 关键词: 地震；疾病暴发流行；病原体 预防和控制 |
| DOI：10.3724/SP.J.1008.2008.00590 |
| 投稿时间：2008-05-28修订日期：2008-06-03 |
| 基金项目:军医医药卫生“十一五”专项项目(06Z026),上海市公共服务平台专项基金（07DZ22941）. |
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| Infectious disease-related pathogens and their prevention and control strategies after earthquakes |
| QI Zhong-tian |
| (Department of Microbiology,College of Basic Medical Sciences,Second Military Medical University; PLA Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense,Shanghai 200433,China) |
| Abstract: |
| Epidemic diseases often occur following natural disasters, such as earthquakes. The most commonly seen epidemics after an earthquake include: enteric diseases (dysentery, typoid and paratypoid fever, cholera, hand-foot-mouth disease, hepatitis A, hepatitis E, etc), arthropod-borne infectious diseases (malaria, Kala-Azar, Japanese encephalitis, etc), zoonosis (plague, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, anthrax, etc), soil and epidemic water transmitted diseases (tetanus, gas gangrene, leptospirosis, etc), respiratory diseases (measles, rubella, influenza, etc), food-borne diseases (food poisoning caused by bacteria or bacterial toxin). This article reviews the controlling principles and measures for major infectious pathogens and epidemic diseases after earthquake. |
| Key words: earthquake disease outbreaks pathogens prevention and control |
