| 摘要: |
| 目的:了解4个地区居民自我药疗行为的现状及其特点,分析影响4个地区居民自我药疗行为和自我药疗意愿的主要因素。方法:采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,对抽取的北京、西安、成都和昆明4地区4 400户城乡居民进行健康询问调查,选择明确回答半年内是否采取自我药疗行为及是否愿意自我药疗的15岁以上居民（n=8 826）,再从中选取无任何缺失项的8 585个居民作为分析对象,以Andersen医疗服务利用框架,采用Logistic回归方法对先决、使能和需要3个层面的相关因素与自我药疗行为和自我药疗意愿的关系进行了实证分析。结果:控制其他变量条件下,25～44岁居民、45～64岁居民、65岁及以上居民采取自我药疗行为的概率分别是参照组（15～24岁居民）的1.52倍（P=0.000）、1.59倍（P=0.000）、1.53倍（P=0.001）；城市居民比农村居民更少采取自我药疗行为（P=0.000）；半年内至少有1种常见病症的居民采取自我药疗行为的概率是参照组（未有常见病症居民）的10.85倍；患有慢性病居民的自我药疗意愿是参照组（未患有慢性病居民）的1.22倍（P=0.035）；半年内至少有1种常见病症居民的自我药疗意愿是参照组（未有常见病症居民）的2.12倍（P=0.000）。结论:年龄、城乡差别、自我药疗知识以及健康状况等因素对自我药疗行为和自我药疗意愿均有不同程度的显著影响；而家庭收入水平、保险覆盖等使能变量因素的影响则不显著。 |
| 关键词: 自我药疗 行为 意愿 影响因素 Logistic回归 |
| DOI：10.3724/SP.J.1008.2009.01274 |
| 投稿时间：2009-02-17修订日期：2009-09-10 |
| 基金项目:中国医药卫生事业发展基金会资助. |
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| Determinants of self-medication behavior and willingness in China:evidences from Beijing,Xi’an,Chengdu,and Kunming |
| LIU Li-zang1,2,LIU Guo-en 2*,XU Fei2,LI Lin2 |
| (1.School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;2.China Center for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research,Peking University,Beijing 100871) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective:To understand the current status and characteristics of self-medication behavior in China and to analyze the determinants of self-medication behavior and willingness of Chinese residents.Methods: A total of 4 400 households from Beijing,Xi’an,Chengdu,and Kunming were chosen by multistage,stratified,and cluster sampling for a health survey.From a total 8 826 residents we selected 8 585 who aged over 15 years old and who gave a clear answer to whether had self-medication behavior and whether were willing to have self-medication.Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between self-medication behavior and self-medication willingness,and between residents’ predisposing characteristics,enabling resources and need following Andersen health utilization model.Results: When other variables were controlled,the incidences of self-medication of residents at 25-44 years,25-44 years,45-64 years,and 65 years above were 1.52 folds (P=0.000),1.59 folds (P=0.000),and 1.53 folds (P=0.001) of the control group (15-24 years old).The incidence of self-medication of urban residents was significantly lower than that of the rural residents (P=0.000).The incidence of self-medication behavior in residents with a common disorder in the last 6 months was 10.85 folds of those without common disease.The self-medication willingness of residents with chronic diseases was 1.22 folds (P=0.035) of those without chronic diseases.The self-medication willingness of residents having a common disease in the last 6 months was 2.12 fold (P=0.000) of those without common disorder.Conclusion: Age,urban-rural difference,knowledge of self-medication,and health status have different degrees of influence on the self-medication behavior and self-medication willingness of residents,while family income and health insurance have little influence. |
| Key words: self-medication behavior willingness determinants Logistic regression |
