| 摘要: |
| 目的 调查长期慢性应激条件下员工的睡眠质量与人格特征。方法 以上海市某窗口单位(从事市政服务工作,不可预期的应激长期存在) 1年以上工龄的员工100名作为调查对象,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)调查其睡眠质量和人格特征,并比较不同人格特质员工之间睡眠质量和心理健康状况差异。结果 回收有效问卷97份,有效回收率97%。(1)长期慢性应激条件下员工PSQI总分为(2.76±1.85)分,其中18.6%(18/97)的员工存在睡眠质量问题(PSQI≥5分),不同性别、年龄、教育程度及工龄的员工睡眠质量发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)长期慢性应激条件下员工EPQ的精神质分和神经质分低于常模,而内外向分则高于常模,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)情绪稳定型员工(66人)PSQI总分、SCL-90总分均低于中间型员工(31人),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); 外向型员工(72人)PSQI总分、SCL-90总分均低于中间型员工(25人),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(4)长期慢性应激条件下员工SCL-90总分及躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执因子分均低于常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(5)EPQ的内外向分与SCL-90的强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、偏执和精神病性因子分呈负相关(P<0.05); EPQ的神经质分与SCL-90的上述各因子分均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 长期慢性应激条件下的员工18.6%存在睡眠质量问题;其人格特征以情绪稳定型和外向型为主;人格外向、情绪稳定的员工较少出现心理健康问题和睡眠质量问题。 |
| 关键词: 心理性应激 睡眠 人格 精神卫生 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2013-05-27修订日期：2013-07-30 |
| 基金项目:国家科技部重大专项(2010ZXJ0900X-002),国家科技部支撑计划(2009BAI77B04),国家自然科学基金(71073170/G0308),上海市卫生局面上课题(2012172),上海市浦江人才计划(13PJC003),上海市教育委员会科研创新重点项目(13ZS72),第二军医大学博士创新基金(201313). |
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| A survey on sleep quality and personality of staffs suffering long-term chronic stress |
| LIU Wei-zhi1,NONG Yu-qin2,WANG Wei1,SHANG Zhi-lei1,TIAN Wen-hua3,YAN Jin1* |
(1. Department of Basic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology & Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
2. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
3. Department of Health Administration, Faculty of Health Service, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
*Corresponding author.) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To investigate the sleep quality and personality of staffs suffering long-term chronic stress. Methods A total of 100 staffs working in a showcase unit in Shanghai for over 1 year (with long-term chronic stress) were assessed with Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) and self-rating symptom scale (SCL-90). The sleep quality and mental health status were compared between staffs with different personalities. Results Totally 97 valid questionnaires were collected and the valid response rate was 97%. (1) Under long-term chronic stress the mean score of PSQI was (2.76±1.85) for the 97 staffs, and 18.6% (18/97) of them had sleeping disorders (PSQI ≥5). Staffs of different genders, ages, educational backgrounds and seniorities showed no significant difference in sleeping disorder incidence (P>0.05). (2) The psychoticism and neuroticism scores of EPQ in the 97 staffs were significantly lower than the norms, while their extraversion-introversion dimension of EPQ was significantly higher than the norms (P<0.05). (3) The emotion stable staffs (66) had significantly lower PSQI and SCL-90 scores compared with the intermediate staffs (31, P<0.05); the extravert staffs (72) also had significantly lower PSQI and SCL-90 scores compared with the intermediate staffs (25, P<0.05). (4) Compared with the norms, the total scores and the scores of somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, and paranoid ideation of SCL-90 were significantly lower in staffs under long-term chronic stress (P<0.05). (5) It showed that the score of extraversion-introversion dimension of EPQ was negatively correlated with the scores of obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism factors of SCL-90, while the neuroticism score of EPQ was positively correlated with all factors of SCL-90 (P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of sleep disorder of staffs under the long-term chronic stress is 18.6% in our study. The personality of staffs under the long-term chronic stress is extravert and emotionally stable. Staffs with extravert personality and stable type are less likely to have psychological and sleep quality problems. |
| Key words: psychological stress sleep personality mental health |
