| 摘要: |
| 目的 通过对重庆市儿童生存质量的抽样调查,以非留守儿童为参照了解留守儿童生存质量现状,探讨影响儿童生存质量的相关因素,了解"留守"对儿童生存质量的影响,为改善儿童生存质量的措施提供参考依据。方法 采用多阶段整群抽样的方法对重庆市儿童进行抽样,通过入户的方式进行调查,利用PedsQL4.0儿童生存质量量表中文版测量儿童生存质量。通过计算量表得分来评价留守儿童和非留守儿童生存质量现状,通过多因素分析探索影响儿童生存质量的因素。结果 重庆市留守儿童生存质量总分、生理功能得分、情感功能得分、社会功能得分、角色(学校表现)功能得分分别为82.50±11.56、87.03±13.58、77.55±16.05、85.64±14.85、77.05±14.22,非留守儿童上述各项得分分别为86.72±10.12、89.96±11.67、83.26±14.65、90.66±12.44、81.08±13.67,留守儿童生存质量总分及各维度得分均低于非留守儿童(P<0.01);多元线性回归分析发现是否留守(留守状态)、年龄、家庭人均支出是影响儿童生存质量的主要因素,其中是否留守影响最大,且是否留守对情感功能、社会功能和角色功能亦有重要影响。结论 消除"留守"现象是改善儿童生存质量、提高其身心健康水平的直接手段。在城乡社会经济发展尚存在差别、"留守"现象暂时无法完全消除的情况下,家庭、学校、社会应高度重视,采取相应措施,共同构建留守儿童身心健康保护网络,促进留守儿童健康成长。 |
| 关键词: 留守儿童 生活质量 影响因素 抽样研究 |
| DOI：10.16781/j.0258-879x.2016.04.0424 |
| 投稿时间：2015-09-29修订日期：2015-11-07 |
| 基金项目:重庆市统筹城乡医疗卫生改革发展区域卫生规划研究(CHSR1). |
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| The influence of “left-behind phenomenon” on quality of life of children in Chongqing |
| XING Qing-yun,ZHONG Xiao-ni*,YANG Guo-jing |
(School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
*Corresponding author) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To study the life quality status of left-behind children and its influencing factors by a sampling survey comparing with the non-left-behind children in Chongqing, so as to provide a basis for improving children's quality of life. Methods We adopted a multistage cluster sampling and conducted surveys by home visiting; the children's quality of life was assessed with Chinese version of PedsQL4.0 children's quality of life measuring scale. The life quality status of left-behind and non-left-behind children was evaluated by their scale scores, and the factors influencing children's quality of life were analyzed by multiple-factor analysis. Results The scores of total score of life quality, physiological function, emotional function, social function, and role (performance in school) function of left-behind children in Chongqing were 82.50±11.56, 87.03±13.58, 77.55±16.05, 85.64±14.85, and 77.05±14.22, respectively; and the scores for un-left-behind children were 86.72±10.12, 89.96±11.67, 83.26±14.65, 90.66±12.44, and 81.08±13.67, respectively. The total score and scores of each dimension of left-behind children were all significantly lower than those of non-left-behind children (P<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis found that the left-behind status, age, and per capita expenditure of a family were the main factors influencing the children's quality of life, with the left-behind status having the greatest influence; moreover, the left-behind status could greatly influence the emotional function, social function and role function. Conclusion To reduce "left-behind" phenomenon is a direct method to improve children's quality of life and increase their physical and psychological health. When "left-behind" phenomenon can not be completely eliminated, families, schools and society should pay more attention to left-behind children, making joint efforts to protect the physical and psychological health of left-behind children. |
| Key words: left-behind children quality of life influence factors sampling studies |
