| 摘要: |
| 目的 分析泌尿系上尿路结石的成分及其在不同性别和年龄段的分布情况与变化趋势，为泌尿系结石的防治提供参考依据。方法 收集2012年1月至2016年1月间在我院接受住院治疗的1 832例泌尿系上尿路结石患者的结石标本，采用红外光谱自动分析系统进行检测，分析结石成分，然后对结石成分比例、性别差异以及主要结石类型伴随的相关危险因素、伴发疾病进行分析。结果 在1 832例结石中，单一成分结石共478例，占26.1%，其中一水草酸钙结石占比最高（193例，占10.6%），无水尿酸结石次之（144例，占7.9%）；混合性结石共1 349例，占73.6%，其中一水草酸钙+二水草酸钙+碳酸磷灰石结石占比最高（725例，占39.6%）。分析结石主要成分，草酸钙为主的结石共1 545例（占84.3%），碳酸磷灰石为主的结石1 048例（占57.2%），无水尿酸为主的结石208例（占11.4%），六水磷酸铵镁为主的结石111例（占6.1%），胱氨酸为主的结石29例（占1.6%）；其他结石5例。男性患者的结石总体发病率高于女性[70.1%（1 285/1 832） vs 29.9%（547/1 832），P<0.01]。结石的总体高发年龄段在31~60岁，男性好发于41~50岁，女性好发于51~60岁。无水尿酸结石患者的体质量指数、糖尿病比例及痛风比例均明显高于其他结石类型的患者。结论 上尿路结石成分的这种变化趋势，对泌尿系结石的预防和治疗有着重要意义。 |
| 关键词: 上尿路结石 成分分析 危险因素 预防策略 |
| DOI：10.16781/j.0258-879x.2018.04.0450 |
| 投稿时间：2017-12-11修订日期：2018-02-28 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Analysis of calculus composition of upper urinary tract: a single-center study |
| DONG Hao,WANG Qi,PENG Yong-han,LI Ling,LU Chao-yue,SHEN Rong,GAO Xiao-feng* |
(Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University(Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China
*Corresponding author) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To analyze the calculus composition of upper urinary tract and to explore its distribution and variation trend in patients of different genders and ages, so as to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of urinary stone. Methods Stone specimens from 1 832 patients with upper urinary tract stone were collected in our hospital from Jan. 2012 to Jan. 2016. The stone composition was detected and analyzed by infrared spectrum automatic analysis system. The proportion and gender difference of stone composition, and the related risk factors and concomitant diseases of major types of stones were analyzed. Results Among the 1 832 cases of stone specimens, there were 478 (26.1%) cases of single component stones, of which the calcium oxalate monohydrate stone accounted for 10.6% (193 cases), followed by anhydrous uric acid stone (7.9%, 144 cases). Mixed stone accounted for 73.6% (1 349 cases), and the most common mixed stone consisted of calcium oxalate monohydrate, calcium oxalate dihydrate and carbonate apatite, accounting for 39.6% (725 cases). For the main composition of stones, calcium oxalate stone accounted for 1 545 cases (84.3%), followed by carbonate apatite stone (1 048 cases, 57.2%), anhydrous uric acid stone (208 cases, 11.4%), magnesium ammonium phosphate stone (111 cases, 6.1%) and cystine stone (29 cases, 1.6%). There were also 5 cases of other types of stones. The overall incidence was significantly higher in men than that in women (70.1%[1 285/1 832] vs 29.9%[547/1 832],P<0.01). The overall high-incidence age of stone ranged from 31 to 60 years old, with 41-50 years for men and 51-60 years for women. Body mass index and incidences of diabetes and gout were obviously higher in anhydrous uric acid stone patients than those in the other stone patients. Conclusion This variation trend of upper urinary tract stone composition has great significance for the prevention and treatment of urinary stones. |
| Key words: upper urinary tract calculus component analysis risk factor prevention strategy |
