| 摘要: |
| 中性粒细胞是人体含量最高的免疫细胞，可通过趋化、吞噬及直接杀菌等方式杀灭病原体。近年来，中性粒细胞细胞外陷阱（NET）这一新的中性粒细胞抗菌方式被发现，其不仅能够通过释放核酸物质及颗粒蛋白形成网状结构捕获杀灭病原体，还与人体多个病理生理过程相关，如肿瘤细胞迁移、炎症、缺血/再灌注损伤、自身免疫等。中枢神经系统曾被认为是免疫特权部位，而研究发现在受到外伤、炎症、脑血管病变等中枢神经系统损伤过程中，脑微血管和脑实质内有大量NET形成，这可能加重了脑血管和脑实质损害。本文就中性粒细胞及NET在中枢神经系统损伤发生、发展中的作用进行综述。 |
| 关键词: 中性粒细胞 中性粒细胞胞外陷阱 中枢神经系统损伤 炎症 自身免疫疾病 |
| DOI：10.16781/j.0258-879x.2020.07.0792 |
| 投稿时间：2019-12-29修订日期：2020-06-22 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（81671206）. |
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| Neutrophil extracellular traps in central nervous system injury: recent progress |
| ZHU Yi-bai,ZHANG Dan-feng,ZHU Kai-xin,ZHANG Ye-lei,HOU Li-jun* |
(Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200003, China
*Corresponding author) |
| Abstract: |
| Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cells in human, and they can kill pathogens by chemotaxis, phagocytosis and direct sterilization. In recent years, neutrophil extracellular trap (NET), a new antibacterial way of neutrophils, has been found. NETs not only capture and kill pathogens by releasing the net-like structure formed by nucleic acid and granular proteins, but also participate in a number of human pathophysiological processes, such as tumor cell metastasis, inflammation, ischemia reperfusion injury, autoimmunity, etc. The central nervous system has once been regarded as a privileged part of the immune system. However, recent studies have found that in central nervous system injury such as trauma, inflammation and cerebrovascular diseases, there are large numbers of NETs formed in brain microvessels and parenchyma, which may aggravate the cerebrovascular and brain parenchyma damage. This article reviews the role of neutrophils and NETs in the development and progression of central nervous system injury. |
| Key words: neutrophils neutrophil extracellular traps central nervous system injury inflammation autoimmune diseases |
