| 摘要: |
| 目的 分析海军青少年航空学校学生入校体检眼科淘汰原因，为探索入校体检眼科标准及科学检测方法、进一步提高招生体检质量提供依据。方法 2019年度参加14所海军青少年航空学校学生入校体检的男性应届初中毕业学生共3 583名，年龄14~16岁。按照参与的医务人员和14所学校分为3个体检组进行体检。对眼科淘汰原因进行分类整理，并对3个体检组和14所学校的眼科淘汰率和淘汰原因进行比较。结果 共3 583名学生完成眼科体检，淘汰1 657名，淘汰率为46.25%。3个体检组眼科淘汰率分别为39.18%（552/1 409）、45.26%（482/1 065）和56.18%（623/1 109），差异有统计学意义（χ2=72.74，P<0.05）。淘汰率居前3位的项目是远视力不足（34.25%，1 227/3 583）、隐斜视超标（2.32%，83/3 583）、屈光度超标（2.04%，73/3 583）。14所学校中，远视力不足的淘汰率差异性较大（14.00%~59.50%），不同学校之间淘汰率差异较大的其他项目有隐斜视超标（0.41%~6.33%）、屈光度超标（0~8.00%）、眼压超标（0~4.50%）和角膜地形图异常（0~5.98%）。结论 海军青少年航空学校学生体检眼科淘汰率高，不同体检组、不同学校之间有一定差异。如何准确把握眼科体检标准、优化体检流程是提高海军青少年航空学校学生入校体检质量的关键。 |
| 关键词: 军事人员 青少年航空学校 入校体检 眼科学 |
| DOI：10.16781/j.0258-879x.2020.11.1272 |
| 投稿时间：2020-04-17修订日期：2020-09-27 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Rejection of navy teenager aviation school students due to ophthalmic problems in entrance physical examination in 2019: an analysis of specific causes |
| WANG Kai-ze1,CHAI Li-ping1,ZHENG Li-min2,CHEN Ke-qi2,GAO Yuan3* |
(1. Department of Physical Examination, Navy Pilot Cadet Recruitment Bureau, Beijing 100071, China;
2. Qingdao Navy Special Service Sanatorium, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China;
3. Naval Special Medical Center, Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200052, China
*Corresponding author) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To analyze the specific causes of rejection of the students for navy teenager aviation school due to ophthalmic problems in entrance physical examination, so as to provide evidence for exploring the ophthalmic standard and scientific testing methods to improve the quality of enrollment physical examination. Methods A total of 3 583 male junior high school graduates, aged 14-16 years, received physical examination for 14 navy teenager aviation schools in 2019. The participating medical staff and 14 schools were randomly divided into three groups for the physical examination. The causes of rejection due to ophthalmic problems were classified and sorted, and the rejection rates and rejection causes were compared between the three physical examination groups and 14 schools. Results Altogether 3 583 students received ophthalmic physical examination, and 1 657 were rejected, with a rejection rate of 46.25%. The rejection rates in the ophthalmology department in the three groups were 39.18% (552/1 409), 45.26% (482/1 065) and 56.18% (623/1 109), respectively, showing significant differences between the three groups (χ2=72.74, P<0.05). The top three causes of rejection were far vision deficiency (34.25%, 1 227/3 583), latent deviation excess (2.32%, 83/3 583), and refractive excess (2.04%, 73/3 583). Among the potential students of the 14 schools, the difference in rejection rate by far vision deficiency was greater (14.00%-59.50%). Other items with great differences among different schools included latent deviation excess (0.41%-6.33%), refractive excess (0-8.00%), eye pressure excess (0-4.50%), and corneal topographic map abnormality (0-5.98%). Conclusion The rejection rate in ophthalmology department is high during entrance physical examination of students for navy teenager aviation school, and there are differences between different groups and different schools. To accurately understand the standards and optimize the physical examination process are keys to improve the quality of physical examination of students for navy teenager aviation schools. |
| Key words: military personnel teenager aviation school entrance physical examination ophthalmology |
