| 摘要: |
| 目的 探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情期间加强医院感染控制措施对减少院内环境致病菌落的作用，为防疫安全工作提供保障。方法 随机选取我院加强医院感染控制措施前（2019年12月21日至2020年1月21日）进行过生物采样的160个标点（45个采用平板沉降法采样，115个采用擦拭法采样）作为对照组，加强医院感染控制措施后（2020年1月24日至2020年2月24日）进行过生物采样的160个标点（64个采用平板沉降法采样，96个采用擦拭法采样）作为观察组，比较加强医院感染控制措施前后院内环境中细菌致病菌落分布的变化。结果 加强医院感染控制措施前，160个采样标点中有39个（24.4%）细菌致病菌落检出阳性，其中45个平板沉降法采样的标点中有7个（15.6%）细菌致病菌落检出阳性，115个擦拭法采样的标点中有32个（27.8%）细菌致病菌落检出阳性。加强医院感染控制措施后，160个采样标点中有18个（11.2%）细菌致病菌落检出阳性，其中64个平板沉降法采样的标点中有4个（6.2%）细菌致病菌落检出阳性，96个擦拭法采样的标点中有14个（14.6%）细菌致病菌落检出阳性。统计学分析表明，加强医院感染控制措施后平板沉降法采样的标点细菌致病菌落检出阳性率与加强医院感染控制措施前相比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），但擦拭法采样的标点和总体细菌致病菌落检出阳性率均低于加强医院感染控制措施前（P=0.020、0.002）。加强医院感染控制措施后平板沉降法采样的标点细菌致病菌落数量为（0.69±0.09）CFU/cm2，与加强医院感染控制措施前[（0.85±0.15）CFU/cm2]相比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；加强医院感染控制措施后擦拭法采样的标点细菌致病菌落数量为每皿（0.19±0.06）CFU，低于加强医院感染控制措施前[每皿（0.32±0.08）CFU]，差异有统计学意义（P=0.001）。结论 在COVID-19疫情期间，通过加强消毒、提高消毒质量等医院感染控制措施可有效减少医院环境中的致病菌落，有助于降低医护人员感染暴露的风险。 |
| 关键词: 新型冠状病毒肺炎 医院感染控制 院内环境 细菌致病菌落分布 菌落数量 |
| DOI：10.16781/j.0258-879x.2020.09.0980 |
| 投稿时间：2020-08-27修订日期：2020-09-11 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Effect of strengthening nosocomial infection control on distribution of pathogenic bacteria in hospital during coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic |
| ZHANG Zi-ying,WANG Jing,CHAI Ming-zhen,YANG Wu* |
(Division of Medical Affairs, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 201805, China
*Corresponding author) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To explore the effect of strengthening nosocomial infection control measures on reducing the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in hospital environment during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), so as to provide support for epidemic prevention and safety. Methods A total of 160 sampling sites (45 by plate sedimentation method and 115 by swab method) were randomly selected as the control group before strengthening nosocomial infection control measures (from Dec. 21, 2019 to Jan. 21, 2020). After strengthening the measures (from Jan. 24 to Feb. 24, 2020), 160 sampling sites (64 by plate sedimentation method and 96 by swab method) were selected as the observation group. The changes of pathogenic bacteria distribution in the hospital environment before and after strengthening nosocomial infection control measures were compared. Results Before strengthening nosocomial infection control measures, 39 (24.4%) of 160 sampling sites were positive for pathogenic bacterial colonies, including seven (15.6%) positive in 45 by plate sedimentation method and 32 (27.8%) positive in 115 by swab method. After strengthening nosocomial infection control measures, 18 (11.2%) of 160 sampling sites were positive, including four (6.2%) positive in 64 by plate sedimentation method and 14 (14.6%) positive in 96 by swab method. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the positive rate of pathogenic bacteria by plate sedimentation method after strengthening nosocomial infection control measures than that before strengthening nosocomial infection control measures. However, the positive rates of swab method and total pathogenic bacterial colonies were both significantly lower than those before strengthening nosocomial infection control measures (P=0.020 and 0.002). The pathogenic bacterial colony number sampled by plate sedimentation method after strengthening nosocomial infection control measures was (0.69±0.09) CFU/cm2, which was similar when compared with that before strengthening nosocomial infection control measures ([0.85±0.15] CFU/cm2). The pathogenic bacterial colony number sampled by swab method after strengthening nosocomial infection control measures was (0.19±0.06) CFU per plate, which was significantly lower than that before strengthening nosocomial infection control measures ([0.32±0.08] CFU per plate) (P=0.001). Conclusion During the outbreak of COVID-19, strengthening disinfection and improving disinfection quality can effectively reduce the pathogenic bacterial colonies in the hospital environment, reducing the risk of infection exposure of medical staff. |
| Key words: coronavirus disease 2019 hospital infection control hospital environment bacterial colony distribution bacterial colony number |
