| 摘要: |
| 目的 系统分析2022年中国结直肠癌（CRC）发病与死亡特征，为CRC防控提供循证依据。方法 采集2022年GLOBOCAN数据库和中国国家癌症中心发布的CRC数据，分析不同性别、年龄、地域人群CRC发病和死亡情况的差异。结果 中国男性CRC的年龄标化发病率（SIR）为24.83/10万，年龄标化死亡率（SMR）为10.87/10万；女性CRC的SIR为15.97/10万，SMR为6.56/10万。全球男性CRC的SIR为22.0/10万，SMR为9.90/10万；女性CRC的SIR为15.20/10万，SMR为6.50/10万。中国男性CRC的SIR和SMR均高于女性（χ2＝10.037、9.994，P＝0.001、0.002），全球男性CRC的SIR和SMR均高于女性（χ2＝7.093、7.853，P＝0.013、0.011）；中国与全球相比，男性CRC的SIR、SMR差异无统计学意义（均P＞0.05），女性CRC的SIR、SMR差异无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。中国CRC死亡病例数随年龄增长呈上升趋势，尤其是40岁以后，死亡病例数剧增，且男性死亡病例数明显高于女性；男性死亡病例数在70～74岁达到峰值、而后呈下降趋势，女性死亡病例数则随着年龄持续增加并逐渐趋近于男性。中国CRC发病率和死亡率的地域分布差异明显，城市CRC的SIR和SMR均高于农村（21.71/10万 vs 18.49/10万，χ2＝8.037，P＝0.009；9.02/10万 vs 8.17/10万，χ2＝5.669，P＝0.031）。结论 国家应结合年龄超过40岁、男性及风险地域等流行特征优化CRC防控措施，以遏止CRC发病率和死亡率的上升趋势，减轻疾病负担，增加社会公共收益。 |
| 关键词: 结直肠肿瘤 发病率 死亡率 流行特征 |
| DOI：10.16781/j.CN31-2187/R.20240747 |
| 投稿时间：2024-11-04修订日期：2024-12-11 |
| 基金项目:上海市科技创新行动计划优秀学术/技术带头人计划（22XD1425000）;海军军医大学（第二军医大学）深蓝人才工程领航人才项目;海军军医大学（第二军医大学）第一附属医院人才工程“长剑”计划. |
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| Incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in China in 2022 |
| ZHAO Youdong,BAI Yu* |
(Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University) & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Shanghai 200433, China
*Corresponding author) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To systematically analyze the incidence and mortality characteristics of colorectal cancer (CRC) in China in 2022, so as to provide evidence-based proof for the prevention and control of CRC. Methods The CRC data published by the GLOBOCAN database and the China National Cancer Center in 2022 were collected and the incidence and mortality across different genders, age groups, and geographical regions were analyzed. Results In China, the age-standardized incidence rate (SIR) and age-standardized mortality rate (SMR) of CRC in males were 24.83×10－5 and 10.87×10－5, and the SIR and SMR in females were 15.97×10－5 and 6.56×10－5, respectively. Around the world, the SIR and SMR of CRC in males were 22.0×10－5 and 9.90×10－5, and SIR and SMR in females were 15.20×10－5 and 6.50×10－5, respectively. The SIR and SMR of CRC in Chinese males were higher than those in females (χ2＝10.037 and 9.994, P＝0.001 and 0.002), and the SIR and SMR in global males were also higher than those in females (χ2＝7.093 and 7.853, P＝0.013 and 0.011). However, there were no significant differences in SIR or SMR of male or female CRC between China and the world (all P＞0.05). The mortality of CRC in China exhibited an upward trend with the increase of age, particularly after the age of 40 years, with the number of deaths escalated markedly, and the mortality of males was notably higher compared with that of females. The peak mortality for males occurred at the ages of 70-74 years, and it demonstrated a declining trend thereafter. In contrast, the mortality for females continued to rise with age and eventually approached that of males. The regional distributions of CRC incidence and mortality were significantly different in China, with the SIR and SMR of CRC in urban areas being significantly higher than those in rural areas (21.71×10－5 vs 18.49×10－5, χ2＝8.037, P＝0.009; 9.02×10－5 vs 8.17×10－5, χ2＝5.669, P＝0.031). Conclusion The national prevention and control strategy for CRC should be optimized according to epidemic characteristics (such as age ≥40 years old, males and risk regions), so as to curb the rising trend of CRC incidence and mortality, reduce disease burden and improve social and public benefits. |
| Key words: colorectal neoplasms incidence mortality epidemiological characteristics |
