| 摘要: |
| 目的:调查汶川映秀镇抗震救灾部队官兵皮肤病的发病情况，分析其影响因素，并对营区内杀虫措施效果进行评价。方法:2008年6月15日至6月20日，以映秀镇的两支抗震救灾部队为研究对象，回顾性调查部队官兵在震后1个月内的皮肤病发病情况、帐篷卫生条件和杀虫措施实施情况等内容，采用χ2检验确定差异显著性。结果:映秀镇抗震救灾部队官兵在震后1个月的皮肤病发病率为42.20%，其中虫咬性皮炎和毛囊炎的构成比分别为82.05% 和15.38%；震后1、2、4周的皮肤病发病率水平明显高于震前水平（P<0.05），震后4周发病率的升高与在山上过夜相关；采用2.5%溴氰菊酯等杀虫剂对帐篷内外环境进行杀虫，皮肤病发病率由震后2周的26.61%降低至震后3周的0.92%（P<0.05）。结论:抗震救灾部队官兵在震后皮肤病的发病率明显升高，震后恶劣的卫生环境、蚊虫叮咬是官兵皮肤病的主要因素，定期杀虫能有效降低皮肤病的发病率。 |
| 关键词: 地震；皮肤疾病 发病率；虫咬和虫螫 |
| DOI：10.3724/SP.J.1008.2008.00741 |
| 投稿时间：2008-06-27修订日期：2008-07-13 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Incidence of skin diseases in soldiers of the earthquake-rescue troops and its influencing factors |
| ZHANG Qian1△, CHANG Wen-jun2△, ZHU Shi-ying3, RUAN Fang-ming4, CAO Guang-wen2* |
| (1.Department of Infectious Diseases, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China;2.Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Service, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433;3.Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433;4.Department of Military Hygiene, Faculty of Navy Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective:To investigate the incidence and major risk factors of skin diseases in soldiers of the earthquake-rescue troops in Yingxiu Town, and to evaluate the disinsection outcome in the camps.Methods: Two rescue teams were taken as subjects in this study.The incidence of skin diseases, hygiene status in the tents, and disinsection measures within 1 month after Wenchuan Earthquake were retrospectively studied from June 15 to June 20, 2008.Chi-square test was used to determine significance of difference.Results: The incidence of skin diseases was 42.20% in the rescue troops during the 1st month after the earthquake,with insect bite dermatitis and hair follicle dermatitis accounting for 82.05% and 15.38%, respectively.The incidences of skin diseases during the 1st, 2nd, and 4th week after the earthquake were significantly higher than that before the earthquake (P<0.05); the high incidence during the 4th week was associated with sleeping in the mountainous areas.Disinsection of the tents with 2.0% deltamethrin decreased the incidence of skin disease from 26.61% during the 2nd week to 0.92% during the 3rd week.Conclusion: The incidence of skin disease is obviously increased in the earthquake rescue troops; the major reasons are the poor hygiene condition and bites by the mosquitoes and insects.Regular disinsection can effectively decrease the incidence of skin diseases. |
| Key words: earthquakes skin diseases incidence insect bites and stings |
