| 摘要: |
| 目的:研究枳椇子的促智活性成分。方法:从枳椇子中分离出6个皂苷类成分,以跳台法测试小鼠的记忆功能。实验装置为小鼠跳台反应箱,测试小鼠触电潜伏期及其3 min内错误次数作为记忆功能评价指标。将小鼠分为青年组、老年组、老年加吡拉西坦组(剂量03 g/kg)和老年加枳椇子总皂苷高、中、低3个剂量组(06、03、015 g/kg)等,研究皂苷类成分对老龄小鼠学习和记忆的影响。另将小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、吡拉西坦组(剂量03 g/kg)和老年加化合物3、4、5、6(剂量均为03 g/kg)等,研究对由东莨菪碱、亚硝酸钠、40%乙醇分别所致记忆获得、巩固及再现障碍的影响。结果:6个皂苷类成分其化学结构经光谱鉴定分别为3-O-豆甾醇-(6-棕榈酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1)、β-胡萝卜苷(2)、hovenidulcioside A1(3)、hoduloside I(4)、hoduloside Ⅳ(5)、saponins C2(6)。其中,化合物1、2为首次从该植物中分离得到；化合物5、6能增强自然衰老小鼠的学习和记忆能力,并对由东莨菪碱、亚硝酸钠和40%乙醇分别引起的小鼠记忆获得、巩固及再现障碍病理模型有较明显的改善作用。结论:枳椇子酸枣仁皂苷元类皂苷可能是枳椇子总皂苷促智活性的物质基础。 |
| 关键词: 酸枣仁皂苷元 枳椇子总皂苷 学习 记忆 |
| DOI：10.3724/SP.J.1008.2009.01281 |
| 投稿时间：2009-02-02修订日期：2009-08-04 |
| 基金项目: |
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| The nootropic components of Hovenia dulcis |
| YI Shu-zhen△,FU Qiu-sheng△* |
| (Department of Pharmacy,Naval General Hospital,Beijing 100048,China) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective:To investigate the nootropic components of Hovenia dulcisMethods: Six saponins were isolated from Hovenia dulcis and Step-down test was used to examine the memory ability of miceThe escape latency and the times of wrong performance within 3 min were used to evaluate the memory ability of miceTo study the effects of saponins on learning and memory in mice,we divided the mice into 6 groups:youth group,aged group,aged plus piracetam(03 g/kg) group,aged plus saponins (06 g/kg) group,aged plus saponins (03 g/kg) group,and aged plus saponins(015 g/kg) groupTo study the influence of saponins on impairment of memory acquirement,consolidation,and reoccurrence (induced by scopolamine,sodium nitrite and 40% ethanol,respectively),mice were also divided into the following 7 groups:control group,untreated group,piracetam group (03 g/kg),compound 3 group(03 g/kg),compound 4 group(03 g/kg),compound 5 group(03 g/kg),and compound 6 group(03 g/kg)Results: The chemical structures of six saponins were elucidated as 3-O-stigmasterol-(6-O-palmitoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1),β-daucosterin (2),hovenidulcioside A1 (3),hoduloside Ⅰ (4),hoduloside Ⅳ (5),and saponins C2 (6)Among them,compounds 1 and 2 were isolated from this plant for the first timeCompounds 5 and 6 had enhancing effect on the learning and memory ability of natural senile mice,and they could improve the impairment of memory acquirement,consolidation and recurrence in mice induced by scopolamine,sodium nitrite and 40% ethanol,respectivelyConclusion: The aglycone of jujubogenin might be the main saponins contributing to the nootropic effect of total saponins from Hovenia dulcis |
| Key words: jujubogenin total saponins from Hovenia dulcis Thunb learning memory |
